{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213608146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128370","title":"Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of IEC 61850 GOOSE-Based Logically Selective Adaptive Protection of AC Microgrid","display_name":"Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of IEC 61850 GOOSE-Based Logically Selective Adaptive Protection of AC Microgrid","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213608146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128370","mag":"3213608146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3128370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128370","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089878174","display_name":"Aushiq Ali Memon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1290-6312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","display_name":"University of Vaasa","ror":"https://ror.org/03769b225","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aushiq Ali Memon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Finland. (e-mail: amemon@uwasa.fi)","School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1290-6312","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Finland. (e-mail: amemon@uwasa.fi)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066292801","display_name":"Kimmo Kauhaniemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-3171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","display_name":"University of Vaasa","ror":"https://ror.org/03769b225","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimmo Kauhaniemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-3171","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089878174"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.9958,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95798203,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"154612","last_page":"154639"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iec-61850","display_name":"IEC 61850","score":0.9163272380828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6339563727378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-in-the-loop-simulation","display_name":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation","score":0.6147490739822388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.5716575384140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.5626156330108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.543984591960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.4242633581161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.37952256202697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3231862783432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2751421332359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20960837602615356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.12850001454353333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778907243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168160","display_name":"IEC 61850","level":3,"score":0.9163272380828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6339563727378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70587628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142371","display_name":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation","level":2,"score":0.6147490739822388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.5716575384140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.5626156330108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.543984591960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.4242633581161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.37952256202697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3231862783432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2751421332359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20960837602615356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.12850001454353333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3128370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c05b6b5eee42464c9ee62cd67e76fc07","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c05b6b5eee42464c9ee62cd67e76fc07","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 154612-154639 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osuva.uwasa.fi:10024/13181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://osuva.uwasa.fi/handle/10024/13181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400974","display_name":"Osuva (University of Vaasa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","host_organization_name":"University of Vaasa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3128370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3106554933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 6844/31/2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","funder_display_name":"Business Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G70506580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A73094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8532932350","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6844/31/2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","funder_display_name":"Business Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","display_name":"Business Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05bgf9v38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":96,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W938546838","https://openalex.org/W945513603","https://openalex.org/W1863574910","https://openalex.org/W1907324708","https://openalex.org/W1969015343","https://openalex.org/W1994959046","https://openalex.org/W2010722346","https://openalex.org/W2032919163","https://openalex.org/W2034102307","https://openalex.org/W2055851902","https://openalex.org/W2068487893","https://openalex.org/W2071277918","https://openalex.org/W2074731760","https://openalex.org/W2085472672","https://openalex.org/W2095411820","https://openalex.org/W2138199994","https://openalex.org/W2147889003","https://openalex.org/W2149908806","https://openalex.org/W2155891432","https://openalex.org/W2169438702","https://openalex.org/W2323674844","https://openalex.org/W2513734278","https://openalex.org/W2562379690","https://openalex.org/W2564298048","https://openalex.org/W2567349745","https://openalex.org/W2569300561","https://openalex.org/W2589081647","https://openalex.org/W2594200668","https://openalex.org/W2606623283","https://openalex.org/W2623129229","https://openalex.org/W2626943826","https://openalex.org/W2737702802","https://openalex.org/W2748201010","https://openalex.org/W2763630323","https://openalex.org/W2763930805","https://openalex.org/W2792045412","https://openalex.org/W2795250173","https://openalex.org/W2796210679","https://openalex.org/W2797492027","https://openalex.org/W2798348991","https://openalex.org/W2799404745","https://openalex.org/W2884200948","https://openalex.org/W2885063961","https://openalex.org/W2888289383","https://openalex.org/W2889287637","https://openalex.org/W2889906029","https://openalex.org/W2891909102","https://openalex.org/W2894731211","https://openalex.org/W2894768417","https://openalex.org/W2909065398","https://openalex.org/W2910836225","https://openalex.org/W2913845322","https://openalex.org/W2916610162","https://openalex.org/W2924545823","https://openalex.org/W2932218609","https://openalex.org/W2943749246","https://openalex.org/W2948485913","https://openalex.org/W2954153511","https://openalex.org/W2955652318","https://openalex.org/W2960831148","https://openalex.org/W2965617126","https://openalex.org/W2970218773","https://openalex.org/W2970350874","https://openalex.org/W2970353011","https://openalex.org/W2971149434","https://openalex.org/W2976974916","https://openalex.org/W2979595677","https://openalex.org/W2983044838","https://openalex.org/W2992111274","https://openalex.org/W2997394590","https://openalex.org/W2998949286","https://openalex.org/W3000536240","https://openalex.org/W3004215938","https://openalex.org/W3011701935","https://openalex.org/W3012776736","https://openalex.org/W3015636306","https://openalex.org/W3019232264","https://openalex.org/W3022087370","https://openalex.org/W3028546528","https://openalex.org/W3033542075","https://openalex.org/W3035533202","https://openalex.org/W3037228521","https://openalex.org/W3047434768","https://openalex.org/W3049465379","https://openalex.org/W3093438700","https://openalex.org/W3102747964","https://openalex.org/W3104188581","https://openalex.org/W3116823478","https://openalex.org/W3119466869","https://openalex.org/W3126074607","https://openalex.org/W3129167716","https://openalex.org/W3138401386","https://openalex.org/W4244599706","https://openalex.org/W6638994611","https://openalex.org/W6731638876","https://openalex.org/W6781795480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081210795","https://openalex.org/W4238244030","https://openalex.org/W3217528788","https://openalex.org/W2900756794","https://openalex.org/W2347456168","https://openalex.org/W4206048888","https://openalex.org/W2037955964","https://openalex.org/W2766507147","https://openalex.org/W2388687422","https://openalex.org/W3093561493"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,17,97,129,162,185,233],"real-time":[1,117],"(RT)":[2],"hardware-in-the-loop":[3],"(HIL)":[4],"simulation-based":[5],"testing":[6,19,53,73,90,119],"is":[7,151,199,215,239],"getting":[8],"popular":[9],"for":[10,92,171],"power":[11,14,27,37],"systems":[12],"and":[13,32,35,51,75,81,141,155,180,209],"electronics":[15],"applications.":[16],"HIL":[18,52,72,89,118],"provides":[20],"the":[21,25,45,48,55,59,71,78,116,136,177,181,188,192,202,218,226,230,237,246],"interactive":[22],"environment":[23],"between":[24,176],"actual":[26,56,182],"system":[28,38],"components":[29],"like":[30],"control":[31],"protection":[33,110],"devices":[34],"simulated":[36],"networks":[39],"including":[40,135],"different":[41],"communication":[42,214],"protocols.":[43],"Therefore,":[44],"results":[46],"of":[47,86,103,112,120,132,187,205,245],"RT":[49,130,178,193],"simulation":[50,194],"before":[54],"implementation":[57,150],"in":[58,77,153],"field":[60],"are":[61],"generally":[62],"more":[63],"acceptable":[64],"than":[65],"offline":[66],"simulations.":[67],"This":[68],"paper":[69],"reviews":[70],"methods":[74],"applications":[76],"recent":[79],"literature":[80],"presents":[82],"a":[83,87,93],"step-by-step":[84],"documentation":[85],"new":[88],"setup":[91],"specific":[94],"case":[95,98],"study.":[96],"study":[99],"evaluates":[100],"improved":[101],"version":[102],"previously":[104],"proposed":[105],"communication-dependent":[106],"logically":[107],"selective":[108],"adaptive":[109,210],"algorithm":[111],"AC":[113,133],"microgrids":[114],"using":[115,158,191,212],"IEC":[121,146,167],"61850":[122,147,168],"generic":[123],"object-oriented":[124],"substation":[125],"event":[126],"(GOOSE)":[127],"protocol.":[128],"model":[131],"microgrid":[134],"converter-based":[137],"distributed":[138],"energy":[139],"resources":[140],"battery":[142],"storage":[143],"along":[144],"with":[145],"GOOSE":[148,173],"protocol":[149],"created":[152],"MATLAB/Simulink":[154],"RT-LAB":[156],"software":[157],"OPAL-RT":[159],"simulator":[160],"platform.":[161],"Ethernet":[163,213],"switch":[164],"acts":[165],"as":[166],"station":[169],"bus":[170],"exchanging":[172],"Boolean":[174],"signals":[175],"target":[179],"digital":[183],"relay.":[184,247],"evaluation":[186],"round-trip":[189],"delay":[190],"has":[195],"been":[196],"performed.":[197],"It":[198],"found":[200],"that":[201],"whole":[203],"process":[204],"fault":[206],"detection,":[207],"isolation":[208],"setting":[211],"possible":[216],"within":[217],"standard":[219],"low":[220],"voltage":[221],"ride":[222],"through":[223],"curve":[224],"maintaining":[225],"seamless":[227],"transition":[228],"to":[229,241],"islanded":[231],"mode.":[232],"signal":[234],"monitoring":[235],"inside":[236],"relay":[238],"suggested":[240],"avoid":[242],"false":[243],"tripping":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
