{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205741026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3121271","title":"Performance Improvement of Multi-Rotor Axial Flux Vernier Permanent Magnet Machine by Permanent Magnet Shaping","display_name":"Performance Improvement of Multi-Rotor Axial Flux Vernier Permanent Magnet Machine by Permanent Magnet Shaping","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205741026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3121271","mag":"3205741026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3121271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3121271","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09579420.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09579420.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101982428","display_name":"Ijaz Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0977-9949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ijaz Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0977-9949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037903198","display_name":"Junaid Ikram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3423-9856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junaid Ikram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3423-9856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064821311","display_name":"Muhammad Yousuf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-1890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131573596","display_name":"Abbottabad University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0549hdw45","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Yousuf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-1890","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596","https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075623152","display_name":"Rabiah Badar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4913-6614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rabiah Badar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4913-6614","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009788726","display_name":"Syed Sabir Hussain Bukhari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5062-8854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68288478","display_name":"Sukkur IBA University","ror":"https://ror.org/03e5jvk98","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68288478"]}],"countries":["KR","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Sabir Hussain Bukhari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan","School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8296-0253","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68288478"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063003835","display_name":"Jong\u2010Suk Ro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JongSuk Ro","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4429-9393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101982428"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.3219,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80420322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"143188","last_page":"143197"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vernier-scale","display_name":"Vernier scale","score":0.8871185779571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cogging-torque","display_name":"Cogging torque","score":0.8531229496002197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.6799142360687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.6557023525238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skew","display_name":"Skew","score":0.6373888254165649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-density","display_name":"Torque density","score":0.5607777237892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.5458564758300781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.5374700427055359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5229247808456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.5192185044288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallelogram","display_name":"Parallelogram","score":0.42932936549186707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.42684251070022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42413198947906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3266910910606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.30535194277763367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3010057806968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.27458667755126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2722839117050171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2268998622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.16891679167747498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.07595232129096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-motor","display_name":"Induction motor","score":0.07035711407661438}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69710193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14946576","display_name":"Vernier scale","level":2,"score":0.8871185779571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776830253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q549712","display_name":"Cogging torque","level":3,"score":0.8531229496002197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.6799142360687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.6557023525238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43711488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534783","display_name":"Skew","level":2,"score":0.6373888254165649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780932299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826794","display_name":"Torque density","level":3,"score":0.5607777237892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.5458564758300781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.5374700427055359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5229247808456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.5192185044288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53118041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45867","display_name":"Parallelogram","level":3,"score":0.42932936549186707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.42684251070022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42413198947906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3266910910606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.30535194277763367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3010057806968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.27458667755126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2722839117050171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2268998622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.16891679167747498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.07595232129096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.07035711407661438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44000306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244330","display_name":"Hinge","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3121271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3121271","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09579420.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:85be578a3eee458d981a01bd78a57052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/85be578a3eee458d981a01bd78a57052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 143188-143197 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3121271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3121271","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09579420.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3267014211","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019H1D3A1A01102988","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3278345378","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016R1D1A1B01008058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4241181588","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20204030200090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4961464492","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20204030200090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335199","funder_display_name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6027521432","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016R1D1A1B01008058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7347245312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20204030200090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8020464497","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019H1D3A1A01102988","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8186520223","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019H1D3A1A01102988","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8623180540","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016R1D1A1B01008058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8966931991","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019H1D3A1A01102988","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335199","funder_display_name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335199","display_name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/02zq38y32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205741026.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205741026.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509774072","https://openalex.org/W1548517846","https://openalex.org/W1938251537","https://openalex.org/W2019383230","https://openalex.org/W2027693997","https://openalex.org/W2028489134","https://openalex.org/W2028925554","https://openalex.org/W2067254251","https://openalex.org/W2069827955","https://openalex.org/W2077910496","https://openalex.org/W2097926203","https://openalex.org/W2103865908","https://openalex.org/W2128338955","https://openalex.org/W2156230944","https://openalex.org/W2161174602","https://openalex.org/W2165027209","https://openalex.org/W2165048816","https://openalex.org/W2325461606","https://openalex.org/W2326024518","https://openalex.org/W2327641358","https://openalex.org/W2345491159","https://openalex.org/W2520184399","https://openalex.org/W2582661649","https://openalex.org/W2597132538","https://openalex.org/W2762277763","https://openalex.org/W2791201792","https://openalex.org/W2791835265","https://openalex.org/W2808092459","https://openalex.org/W2896839225","https://openalex.org/W2898342890","https://openalex.org/W2898511867","https://openalex.org/W2941276453","https://openalex.org/W2966989547","https://openalex.org/W2976332366","https://openalex.org/W2979349015","https://openalex.org/W3012413155","https://openalex.org/W3017809265","https://openalex.org/W3127132690","https://openalex.org/W3158037776"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899219710","https://openalex.org/W4214862794","https://openalex.org/W2588257868","https://openalex.org/W2588432124","https://openalex.org/W1548517846","https://openalex.org/W1585125300","https://openalex.org/W2731881618","https://openalex.org/W2898131696","https://openalex.org/W2766998892","https://openalex.org/W1480406545"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Permanent":[0,44],"magnet":[1],"vernier":[2],"machines":[3,144],"(PMVMs)":[4],"are":[5,146],"becoming":[6],"increasingly":[7],"attentive":[8],"because":[9],"of":[10,39,78,123,141],"their":[11],"high":[12,15],"efficiency":[13],"and":[14,18,30,63,81,108,138],"torque":[16,62,64,128],"density":[17,134],"can":[19],"thus":[20],"be":[21],"utilized":[22],"for":[23,93,117],"direct-drive":[24],"applications":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27],"wind":[28],"power":[29,136,140],"electric":[31],"vehicles":[32],"etc.":[33],"This":[34],"paper":[35],"presents":[36,74],"performance":[37,119],"improvement":[38,120],"Multi-Rotor":[40],"Axial":[41],"Flux":[42],"Vernier":[43],"Magnet":[45],"(MR-AFVPM)":[46],"machine":[47],"with":[48,100],"a":[49,75],"proposed":[50,56,82,114],"two-stage":[51],"parallelogram":[52],"shaped":[53,57,115],"PM.":[54,84],"The":[55],"PM":[58,116],"reduces":[59],"the":[60,79,113,142],"cogging":[61,124],"ripples":[65],"due":[66],"to":[67,111],"its":[68],"skew":[69],"effect.":[70],"Furthermore,":[71],"it":[72],"also":[73],"comparative":[76,94],"analysis":[77,89],"conventional":[80],"shape":[83],"Then":[85],"3D":[86],"finite":[87],"element":[88],"(FEA)":[90],"is":[91,106,109],"used":[92,110],"analysis.":[95],"Genetic":[96],"Algorithm":[97],"(GA)":[98],"associated":[99],"krigging":[101],"method":[102],"based":[103],"on":[104],"LHS":[105],"introduced":[107],"optimize":[112],"further":[118],"in":[121],"terms":[122],"torque,":[125,132],"back":[126],"EMFs,":[127],"ripples,":[129],"VTHD,":[130],"output":[131,139],"flux":[133],"distributions,":[135],"factor":[137],"analyzed":[143],"which":[145],"validated":[147],"by":[148],"3D-FEA.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
