{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202842840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3118227","title":"Automatic Detection of Epileptic Seizures in Neonatal Intensive Care Units Through EEG, ECG and Video Recordings: A Survey","display_name":"Automatic Detection of Epileptic Seizures in Neonatal Intensive Care Units Through EEG, ECG and Video Recordings: A Survey","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202842840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3118227","mag":"3202842840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3118227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3118227","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09560063.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09560063.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003090063","display_name":"Benedetta Olmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6291-1120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benedetta Olmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Universita\u2019 degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy. (e-mail: benedetta.olmi@stud.unifi.it)","Department of Information Engineering, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Universita\u2019 degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy. (e-mail: benedetta.olmi@stud.unifi.it)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067221769","display_name":"Lorenzo Frassineti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-5656"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Frassineti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Universita\u2019 degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy and Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Universita\u2019 di Siena, Siena, Italy","Department of Information Engineering, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy and Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Universita' di Siena, Siena, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Universita\u2019 degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy and Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Universita\u2019 di Siena, Siena, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy and Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Universita' di Siena, Siena, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040595723","display_name":"Antonio Lanat\u00e0","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6540-5952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Lanata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Universita\u2019 degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy","Department of Information Engineering, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Universita\u2019 degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022434697","display_name":"Claudia Manfredi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-9753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Manfredi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Universita\u2019 degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy","Department of Information Engineering, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Universita\u2019 degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003090063"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":7.9629,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97758299,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"138174","last_page":"138191"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11184","display_name":"Neonatal and fetal brain pathology","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11184","display_name":"Neonatal and fetal brain pathology","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7790188789367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care","display_name":"Intensive care","score":0.5734199285507202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.556550920009613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neonatal-seizure","display_name":"Neonatal seizure","score":0.48655787110328674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epilepsy","display_name":"Epilepsy","score":0.4557364583015442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3295227885246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.2612724006175995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-medicine","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","score":0.1999523937702179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.19202718138694763}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7790188789367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987404301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care","level":2,"score":0.5734199285507202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.556550920009613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780208886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18967838","display_name":"Neonatal seizure","level":3,"score":0.48655787110328674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.4557364583015442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3295227885246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.2612724006175995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.1999523937702179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.19202718138694763}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3118227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3118227","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09560063.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:05c7a4269e4e47cfaa4c2dc6816ec0ef","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/05c7a4269e4e47cfaa4c2dc6816ec0ef","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 138174-138191 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1248942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1248942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3118227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3118227","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09560063.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323988","display_name":"Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkm3388"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202842840.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202842840.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W213065323","https://openalex.org/W1517808374","https://openalex.org/W1913185201","https://openalex.org/W1921317212","https://openalex.org/W1973603186","https://openalex.org/W1988841943","https://openalex.org/W1989621014","https://openalex.org/W1996927901","https://openalex.org/W2021553288","https://openalex.org/W2024011138","https://openalex.org/W2027930466","https://openalex.org/W2032027948","https://openalex.org/W2035987281","https://openalex.org/W2054329577","https://openalex.org/W2062139501","https://openalex.org/W2066292767","https://openalex.org/W2070736605","https://openalex.org/W2071592563","https://openalex.org/W2081097788","https://openalex.org/W2091979553","https://openalex.org/W2095622635","https://openalex.org/W2102125539","https://openalex.org/W2108135085","https://openalex.org/W2111110959","https://openalex.org/W2121235428","https://openalex.org/W2121829884","https://openalex.org/W2142176585","https://openalex.org/W2142659879","https://openalex.org/W2147738253","https://openalex.org/W2149649894","https://openalex.org/W2150666342","https://openalex.org/W2157102450","https://openalex.org/W2160444447","https://openalex.org/W2167019475","https://openalex.org/W2327416138","https://openalex.org/W2422080706","https://openalex.org/W2514485761","https://openalex.org/W2517452023","https://openalex.org/W2528135459","https://openalex.org/W2542395322","https://openalex.org/W2558280247","https://openalex.org/W2608948620","https://openalex.org/W2754225298","https://openalex.org/W2754480426","https://openalex.org/W2795691199","https://openalex.org/W2810030448","https://openalex.org/W2885416023","https://openalex.org/W2886478704","https://openalex.org/W2887280559","https://openalex.org/W2898159737","https://openalex.org/W2905739994","https://openalex.org/W2912894801","https://openalex.org/W2918225995","https://openalex.org/W2944898978","https://openalex.org/W2962529679","https://openalex.org/W2963223223","https://openalex.org/W2986661871","https://openalex.org/W2990430870","https://openalex.org/W2997604048","https://openalex.org/W2998678080","https://openalex.org/W3001561137","https://openalex.org/W3004101474","https://openalex.org/W3042424020","https://openalex.org/W3071688102","https://openalex.org/W3080952300","https://openalex.org/W3109672150","https://openalex.org/W3110056594","https://openalex.org/W3111419336","https://openalex.org/W3118813920","https://openalex.org/W3126999565","https://openalex.org/W3135190652","https://openalex.org/W3152251327","https://openalex.org/W3156889579","https://openalex.org/W4235138561","https://openalex.org/W4235344903","https://openalex.org/W6630956611","https://openalex.org/W6677982445","https://openalex.org/W6759694421","https://openalex.org/W6787178185","https://openalex.org/W6829846596"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2137007804","https://openalex.org/W2533359699","https://openalex.org/W2373670298","https://openalex.org/W2382101866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"Neonatal":[1,60],"Intensive":[2],"Care":[3],"Units":[4],"(NICUs),":[5],"the":[6,30,58,67,80,90,107,136,168,178,181],"early":[7],"detection":[8],"of":[9,13,49,57,83,92,146,167,180],"neonatal":[10,35,84,114],"seizures":[11,115,202],"is":[12,29,52,118],"utmost":[14],"importance":[15],"for":[16,33,106],"a":[17,143,171,188],"timely,":[18],"effective":[19],"and":[20,42,78,95,100,112,176,184,187],"efficient":[21],"clinical":[22],"intervention.":[23],"The":[24,47],"continuous":[25],"video":[26,96,150,185],"electroencephalogram":[27],"(v-EEG)":[28],"gold":[31],"standard":[32],"monitoring":[34],"seizures,":[36],"but":[37,158],"it":[38],"requires":[39],"specialized":[40],"equipment":[41],"expert":[43],"staff":[44,109],"available":[45],"24/24h.":[46],"purpose":[48],"this":[50],"study":[51,162],"to":[53,76,141,155,191,199],"present":[54],"an":[55],"overview":[56],"main":[59],"Seizure":[61],"Detection":[62],"(NSD)":[63],"systems":[64,87,122,127],"developed":[65],"during":[66],"last":[68],"ten":[69],"years":[70],"that":[71,174],"implement":[72],"Artificial":[73],"Intelligence":[74],"techniques":[75],"detect":[77],"report":[79],"temporal":[81],"occurrence":[82],"seizures.":[85],"Expert":[86],"based":[88,128],"on":[89,129],"analysis":[91,151],"EEG,":[93,182],"ECG":[94,133,183],"recordings":[97],"are":[98],"investigated,":[99],"their":[101],"usefulness":[102],"as":[103],"support":[104,198],"tools":[105],"medical":[108],"in":[110,116,201],"detecting":[111],"diagnosing":[113],"NICUs":[117],"evaluated.":[119],"EEG-based":[120],"NSD":[121,169],"show":[123],"better":[124],"performance":[125],"than":[126],"other":[130],"signals.":[131],"Recently":[132],"analysis,":[134,139],"particularly":[135],"related":[137],"HRV":[138],"seems":[140],"be":[142,153],"promising":[144],"marker":[145],"brain":[147],"damage.":[148],"Moreover,":[149],"could":[152],"helpful":[154],"identify":[156],"inconspicuous":[157],"pathological":[159],"movements.":[160],"This":[161],"highlights":[163],"possible":[164],"future":[165],"developments":[166],"systems:":[170],"multimodal":[172],"approach":[173],"exploits":[175],"combines":[177],"results":[179],"approaches":[186],"system":[189],"able":[190],"automatically":[192],"characterize":[193],"etiologies":[194],"might":[195],"provide":[196],"additional":[197],"clinicians":[200],"diagnosis.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}