{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3203575328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3117451","title":"Machine Learning Methods for UAV Flocks Management-A Survey","display_name":"Machine Learning Methods for UAV Flocks Management-A Survey","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3203575328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3117451","mag":"3203575328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3117451","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3117451","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09557265.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09557265.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089688680","display_name":"Rina Azoulay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5490-0512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192238737","display_name":"Jerusalem College of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/002kenh51","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192238737"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rina Azoulay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Jerusalem College of Technology, 21 Havaad Haleumi St., Jerusalem, Israel. (e-mail: rrinaa@gmail.com)","Jerusalem College of Technology Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5490-0512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Jerusalem College of Technology, 21 Havaad Haleumi St., Jerusalem, Israel. (e-mail: rrinaa@gmail.com)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192238737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jerusalem College of Technology Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192238737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070817036","display_name":"Yoram Haddad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-2141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192238737","display_name":"Jerusalem College of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/002kenh51","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192238737"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoram Haddad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Jerusalem College of Technology, 21 Havaad Haleumi St., Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-2141","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Jerusalem College of Technology, 21 Havaad Haleumi St., Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192238737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014817291","display_name":"Shulamit Reches","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192238737","display_name":"Jerusalem College of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/002kenh51","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192238737"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shulamit Reches","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Jerusalem College of Technology, 21 Havaad Haleumi St., Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Jerusalem College of Technology, 21 Havaad Haleumi St., Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192238737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":20.8737,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9886951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"139146","last_page":"139175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flock","display_name":"Flock","score":0.8308779001235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7108770608901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.58448725938797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3915463387966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.38879093527793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38489973545074463}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134215735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120997","display_name":"Flock","level":2,"score":0.8308779001235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7108770608901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.58448725938797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3915463387966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.38879093527793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38489973545074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3117451","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3117451","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09557265.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:22e94bf5abd14a94b4dcfdc564a14dfc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/22e94bf5abd14a94b4dcfdc564a14dfc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 139146-139175 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3117451","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3117451","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09557265.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203575328.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203575328.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W414544266","https://openalex.org/W1499595654","https://openalex.org/W1586163584","https://openalex.org/W1965843508","https://openalex.org/W1970830346","https://openalex.org/W1971996841","https://openalex.org/W1998534269","https://openalex.org/W1999939497","https://openalex.org/W2006859604","https://openalex.org/W2008123268","https://openalex.org/W2017561180","https://openalex.org/W2030178157","https://openalex.org/W2070449754","https://openalex.org/W2100755644","https://openalex.org/W2103026506","https://openalex.org/W2103451132","https://openalex.org/W2105850748","https://openalex.org/W2117461507","https://openalex.org/W2121092017","https://openalex.org/W2122754127","https://openalex.org/W2144000019","https://openalex.org/W2147996349","https://openalex.org/W2150312211","https://openalex.org/W2159164992","https://openalex.org/W2269151999","https://openalex.org/W2293946621","https://openalex.org/W2334090071","https://openalex.org/W2340791093","https://openalex.org/W2342656438","https://openalex.org/W2345097924","https://openalex.org/W2345543326","https://openalex.org/W2462226675","https://openalex.org/W2471309394","https://openalex.org/W2498197436","https://openalex.org/W2528788999","https://openalex.org/W2558431499","https://openalex.org/W2607264901","https://openalex.org/W2610686804","https://openalex.org/W2616867685","https://openalex.org/W2620913392","https://openalex.org/W2745254363","https://openalex.org/W2746411854","https://openalex.org/W2765933650","https://openalex.org/W2767504573","https://openalex.org/W2784320632","https://openalex.org/W2791092156","https://openalex.org/W2794197953","https://openalex.org/W2797462110","https://openalex.org/W2799343071","https://openalex.org/W2807655913","https://openalex.org/W2807731816","https://openalex.org/W2810069740","https://openalex.org/W2811219939","https://openalex.org/W2885828982","https://openalex.org/W2886401384","https://openalex.org/W2886509985","https://openalex.org/W2887286578","https://openalex.org/W2887784286","https://openalex.org/W2889541190","https://openalex.org/W2889655092","https://openalex.org/W2891371323","https://openalex.org/W2901196053","https://openalex.org/W2904947504","https://openalex.org/W2908084908","https://openalex.org/W2912529044","https://openalex.org/W2921224230","https://openalex.org/W2921365330","https://openalex.org/W2921552244","https://openalex.org/W2922269421","https://openalex.org/W2925554975","https://openalex.org/W2925929165","https://openalex.org/W2929534590","https://openalex.org/W2930672455","https://openalex.org/W2935400922","https://openalex.org/W2942635578","https://openalex.org/W2944067540","https://openalex.org/W2944821009","https://openalex.org/W2945373946","https://openalex.org/W2948535667","https://openalex.org/W2950688771","https://openalex.org/W2951049034","https://openalex.org/W2952039542","https://openalex.org/W2952736579","https://openalex.org/W2955338161","https://openalex.org/W2955809904","https://openalex.org/W2957052833","https://openalex.org/W2958874452","https://openalex.org/W2961269959","https://openalex.org/W2962691117","https://openalex.org/W2962883549","https://openalex.org/W2962938178","https://openalex.org/W2963287938","https://openalex.org/W2963569053","https://openalex.org/W2963721752","https://openalex.org/W2964220104","https://openalex.org/W2964919466","https://openalex.org/W2965660127","https://openalex.org/W2966059260","https://openalex.org/W2967205090","https://openalex.org/W2969525674","https://openalex.org/W2976344064","https://openalex.org/W2978626209","https://openalex.org/W2988293774","https://openalex.org/W2990204812","https://openalex.org/W2990233814","https://openalex.org/W2998117442","https://openalex.org/W3005311885","https://openalex.org/W3008565796","https://openalex.org/W3009014935","https://openalex.org/W3009869133","https://openalex.org/W3010191728","https://openalex.org/W3010350083","https://openalex.org/W3011378133","https://openalex.org/W3012033521","https://openalex.org/W3019634450","https://openalex.org/W3020428172","https://openalex.org/W3024364604","https://openalex.org/W3030859533","https://openalex.org/W3031161993","https://openalex.org/W3032825664","https://openalex.org/W3033237219","https://openalex.org/W3033782504","https://openalex.org/W3036745427","https://openalex.org/W3040983344","https://openalex.org/W3041013900","https://openalex.org/W3043932162","https://openalex.org/W3045865783","https://openalex.org/W3045898871","https://openalex.org/W3047078447","https://openalex.org/W3072066078","https://openalex.org/W3087845791","https://openalex.org/W3091096609","https://openalex.org/W3091845044","https://openalex.org/W3097308740","https://openalex.org/W3102859365","https://openalex.org/W3132105662","https://openalex.org/W3135672770","https://openalex.org/W3145560686","https://openalex.org/W3156228505","https://openalex.org/W3167450743","https://openalex.org/W3190006346","https://openalex.org/W4234406933","https://openalex.org/W6650440655","https://openalex.org/W6677939520","https://openalex.org/W6720385377","https://openalex.org/W6747875335","https://openalex.org/W6761071200","https://openalex.org/W6774921820","https://openalex.org/W6785155506","https://openalex.org/W6796903294","https://openalex.org/W6799592868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347","https://openalex.org/W4210805261"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"development":[1],"of":[2,34,105,159,165,188,191],"unmanned":[3],"aerial":[4],"vehicles":[5],"(UAVs)":[6],"has":[7],"been":[8,132],"gaining":[9],"momentum":[10],"in":[11,22,30,52,71,118,134,148,183],"recent":[12],"years":[13],"owing":[14],"to":[15,46,94,137,154,198],"technological":[16],"advances":[17],"and":[18,40,55,96,100,108,161,181],"a":[19,31,185],"significant":[20],"reduction":[21],"their":[23],"cost.":[24],"UAV":[25,60,72,119],"technology":[26],"can":[27,62,76,151],"be":[28,44,63,77,152,176],"used":[29],"wide":[32,186],"range":[33],"domains,":[35,54],"including":[36],"communication,":[37],"agriculture,":[38],"security,":[39],"transportation.":[41],"It":[42],"may":[43,175],"useful":[45,177],"group":[47],"the":[48,90,113,135,139,156],"UAVs":[49],"into":[50],"clusters/flocks":[51],"certain":[53],"various":[56,145,189],"challenges":[57,69,115,158],"associated":[58,140],"with":[59],"usage":[61],"alleviated":[64],"by":[65,79],"clustering.":[66],"Several":[67],"computational":[68],"arise":[70],"flock":[73,199],"management,":[74],"which":[75,149],"solved":[78],"using":[80,166],"machine":[81,127],"learning":[82],"(ML)":[83],"methods.":[84],"In":[85],"this":[86,170],"survey,":[87],"we":[88,101,124,143,162],"describe":[89,144],"basic":[91],"terms":[92],"relating":[93],"UAVS":[95],"modern":[97],"ML":[98,150,167,193],"methods,":[99],"provide":[102],"an":[103],"overview":[104],"related":[106],"tutorials":[107],"surveys.":[109],"We":[110],"subsequently":[111],"consider":[112],"different":[114,157],"that":[116,130,195],"appear":[117],"flocks.":[120],"For":[121],"each":[122],"issue,":[123],"survey":[125],"several":[126],"learning-based":[128],"methods":[129,168],"have":[131],"suggested":[133],"literature":[136],"handle":[138],"challenges.":[141],"Thereafter,":[142],"open":[146],"issues":[147],"applied":[153],"solve":[155],"flocks,":[160],"suggest":[163],"means":[164],"for":[169,178],"purpose.":[171],"This":[172],"comprehensive":[173],"review":[174],"both":[179],"researchers":[180],"developers":[182],"providing":[184],"view":[187],"aspects":[190],"state-of-the-art":[192],"technologies":[194],"are":[196],"applicable":[197],"management.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}