{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3203763991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115851","title":"A Real-Life Machine Learning Experience for Predicting University Dropout at Different Stages Using Academic Data","display_name":"A Real-Life Machine Learning Experience for Predicting University Dropout at Different Stages Using Academic Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3203763991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115851","mag":"3203763991"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3115851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115851","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09548895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09548895.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078404366","display_name":"Antonio Jes\u00fas Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-9429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168974976","display_name":"Universidad de La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/0553yr311","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116615","display_name":"Universidad Internacional De La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/029gnnp81","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Jesus Fernandez-Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Internacional de la Rioja. Avenida de la Paz 137, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, La Rioja, Spain. (e-mail: ajfernandez@ual.es)","Universidad Internacional de la Rioja. Avenida de la Paz 137, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, La Rioja, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-9429","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Internacional de la Rioja. Avenida de la Paz 137, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, La Rioja, Spain. (e-mail: ajfernandez@ual.es)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615","https://openalex.org/I168974976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Internacional de la Rioja. Avenida de la Paz 137, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, La Rioja, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041137625","display_name":"Juan Carlos Preciado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2582-9742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Carlos Preciado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2582-9742","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067261925","display_name":"Fran Melchor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fran Melchor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9383-3583","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000819463","display_name":"Roberto Rodr\u00edguez-Echeverr\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6545-0913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Rodriguez-Echeverria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6545-0913","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000069622","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 M. Conejero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-679X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Maria Conejero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-679X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052141105","display_name":"Fernando S\u00e1nchez-Figueroa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6861-1540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Sanchez-Figueroa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6861-1540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quercus Research Group, University of Extremadura. Campus Universitario, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003. C\u00e1ceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078404366"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168974976","https://openalex.org/I4210116615"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":9.2995,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97968726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"133076","last_page":"133090"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.946399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.919700026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.776053786277771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7074747681617737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6734718680381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6636061668395996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.491430401802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-engineering","display_name":"Feature engineering","score":0.4766591191291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-boosting","display_name":"Gradient boosting","score":0.4418550431728363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.43585205078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.12497192621231079}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.776053786277771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7074747681617737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6734718680381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6636061668395996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.491430401802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778827112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22245680","display_name":"Feature engineering","level":3,"score":0.4766591191291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70153297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591907","display_name":"Gradient boosting","level":3,"score":0.4418550431728363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.43585205078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.12497192621231079}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3115851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115851","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09548895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ee12af568cd74721b1da6641d45845ed","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ee12af568cd74721b1da6641d45845ed","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 133076-133090 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:reunir.unir.net:123456789/12735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://reunir.unir.net/handle/123456789/12735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400329","display_name":"Re-Unir (International University of La Rioja)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3115851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115851","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09548895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1423235810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-098652-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1793257632","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-098652-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G244990082","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GR18112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328352","funder_display_name":"Junta de Extremadura"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3871798598","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IB16055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6011389066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GR18112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6182847082","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-098652-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6298273575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7035024474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IB18034","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7959716551","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IB16055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8181105605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8456465339","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IB16055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328352","funder_display_name":"Junta de Extremadura"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8627480280","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GR18112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8899236684","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IB18034","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328352","funder_display_name":"Junta de Extremadura"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328352","display_name":"Junta de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/01df4mv68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203763991.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203763991.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W613690151","https://openalex.org/W1502991139","https://openalex.org/W1576442155","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W2008056655","https://openalex.org/W2014530124","https://openalex.org/W2073404525","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2153378020","https://openalex.org/W2181616869","https://openalex.org/W2498672755","https://openalex.org/W2518782678","https://openalex.org/W2524449277","https://openalex.org/W2781920945","https://openalex.org/W2790136402","https://openalex.org/W2887783384","https://openalex.org/W2889988224","https://openalex.org/W2899104718","https://openalex.org/W2905931716","https://openalex.org/W2910931863","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2955587288","https://openalex.org/W3012145951","https://openalex.org/W3089420282","https://openalex.org/W3093878986","https://openalex.org/W3118316820","https://openalex.org/W4211116959","https://openalex.org/W4241830727","https://openalex.org/W6634357899","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6685764666"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3195168932","https://openalex.org/W4308191010","https://openalex.org/W4281616679","https://openalex.org/W2968586400","https://openalex.org/W3108328433","https://openalex.org/W4293525103","https://openalex.org/W4327531344","https://openalex.org/W4375930479","https://openalex.org/W2911455822","https://openalex.org/W4286331130"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"levels":[1],"of":[2,15,35,68,87,135,146,151,166,183,194,201,208,216,223,238],"school":[3],"dropout":[4,43,61,240],"are":[5,49,159],"a":[6,16,37,232],"major":[7],"burden":[8],"on":[9,26,83,100,109],"the":[10,42,52,79,84,102,136,164,192,195,199,202,206,209,214,217,221,236],"educational":[11],"and":[12,46,72,93,112,125,175,212],"professional":[13],"development":[14],"country\u2019s":[17,20],"inhabitants.":[18],"A":[19],"prosperity":[21],"depends,":[22],"among":[23],"other":[24],"factors,":[25],"its":[27,114],"ability":[28],"to":[29,51,59,81,90,116,189,231],"produce":[30],"higher":[31],"education":[32],"graduates":[33],"capable":[34],"moving":[36],"country":[38],"forward.":[39],"To":[40],"alleviate":[41],"problem,":[44],"more":[45,47],"institutions":[48,80],"turning":[50],"possibilities":[53],"that":[54,75,227],"artificial":[55],"intelligence":[56],"can":[57,243],"provide":[58],"predict":[60],"as":[62,64,130,170,229],"early":[63],"possible.":[65],"The":[66],"difficulty":[67],"accessing":[69],"personal":[70],"data":[71,148],"privacy":[73],"issues":[74],"it":[76],"entails":[77],"force":[78],"rely":[82],"Academic":[85],"Data":[86],"their":[88],"students":[89],"create":[91],"accurate":[92],"reliable":[94],"predictive":[95,105,225],"systems.":[96],"This":[97],"work":[98],"focuses":[99],"creating":[101],"best":[103],"possible":[104],"model":[106],"based":[107],"solely":[108],"academic":[110],"data,":[111],"accordingly,":[113],"capacity":[115],"infer":[117],"knowledge":[118],"must":[119],"be":[120,244],"maximised.":[121],"Thus,":[122],"Feature":[123],"Engineering":[124,127],"Instance":[126],"techniques":[128],"such":[129,169],"dealing":[131],"with":[132,180],"redundancy,":[133],"significance":[134],"features,":[137,140,147],"correlation,":[138],"cardinality":[139],"missing":[141],"values,":[142],"creation":[143],"or":[144,157],"elimination":[145],"fusion,":[149],"removal":[150],"unuseful":[152],"instances,":[153],"binning,":[154],"resampling,":[155],"normalisation,":[156],"encoding":[158],"applied":[160],"in":[161],"detail":[162],"before":[163],"construction":[165,222],"well-known":[167],"models":[168,226],"Gradient":[171],"Boosting,":[172],"Random":[173],"Forest,":[174],"Support":[176],"Vector":[177],"Machine":[178],"along":[179],"an":[181],"Ensemble":[182],"them":[184],"at":[185,191,198,205,213],"different":[186],"stages:":[187],"prior":[188],"enrolment,":[190],"end":[193,200,207,215],"first":[196],"semester,":[197,204,211],"second":[203],"third":[210],"fourth":[218],"semester.":[219],"Through":[220],"these":[224],"serve":[228],"inputs":[230],"decision":[233],"support":[234],"system,":[235],"application":[237],"effective":[239],"prevention":[241],"policies":[242],"applied.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}