{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202553164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115707","title":"A Technique for the Early Detection of Brain Cancer Using Circularly Polarized Reconfigurable Antenna Array","display_name":"A Technique for the Early Detection of Brain Cancer Using Circularly Polarized Reconfigurable Antenna Array","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202553164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115707","mag":"3202553164"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3115707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115707","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09548093.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09548093.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060576893","display_name":"Demyana A. Saleeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5761-0078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130309236","display_name":"Kafrelsheikh University","ror":"https://ror.org/04a97mm30","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130309236"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Demyana A. Saleeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh Univ., Kafrelsheikh,33516, Egypt. (e-mail: demyanasaleeb@eng.kfs.edu.eg)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh Univ., Kafrelsheikh,33516, Egypt. (e-mail: demyanasaleeb@eng.kfs.edu.eg)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130309236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045786926","display_name":"Rehab M. Helmy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2906-2198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rehab M. Helmy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia Univ., Menouf, 32952, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia Univ., Menouf, 32952, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044766350","display_name":"Nihal F. F. Areed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4270-341X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nihal F. F. Areed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura Univ., Mansoura, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura Univ., Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058162322","display_name":"Mohamed Marey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2105-7239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Marey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091682523","display_name":"Wazie M. Abdulkawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7593-5359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wazie M. Abdulkawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030136632","display_name":"Ahmed S. Elkorany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3400-2971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed S. Elkorany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia Univ., Menouf, 32952, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia Univ., Menouf, 32952, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060576893"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130309236"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.7866,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90761903,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"133786","last_page":"133794"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-head","display_name":"Human head","score":0.7221308946609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.6513634920120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.558675229549408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection-coefficient","display_name":"Reflection coefficient","score":0.5559727549552917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.5356822609901428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turnstile-antenna","display_name":"Turnstile antenna","score":0.5054857730865479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.47067174315452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4585878551006317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-polarization","display_name":"Linear polarization","score":0.43800753355026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurability","display_name":"Reconfigurability","score":0.4339079260826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.40280842781066895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.364815354347229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-antenna","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","score":0.3102409541606903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20377668738365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coaxial-antenna","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","score":0.19327804446220398}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780549717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409626","display_name":"Human head","level":3,"score":0.7221308946609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6513634920120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.558675229549408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41700454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1852282","display_name":"Reflection coefficient","level":2,"score":0.5559727549552917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.5356822609901428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94318689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q385314","display_name":"Turnstile antenna","level":5,"score":0.5054857730865479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.47067174315452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4585878551006317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107190969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553479","display_name":"Linear polarization","level":3,"score":0.43800753355026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7302742","display_name":"Reconfigurability","level":2,"score":0.4339079260826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.40280842781066895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.364815354347229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.3102409541606903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20377668738365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93130614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5138671","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","level":4,"score":0.19327804446220398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3115707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115707","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09548093.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ce94f0d3d79b49a98fbee92cd3af8c20","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ce94f0d3d79b49a98fbee92cd3af8c20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 133786-133794 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3115707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3115707","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09548093.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327702","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202553164.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3202553164.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1647572132","https://openalex.org/W1993539892","https://openalex.org/W2022981781","https://openalex.org/W2081371019","https://openalex.org/W2546786993","https://openalex.org/W2737142554","https://openalex.org/W2748595104","https://openalex.org/W2778542514","https://openalex.org/W2782394384","https://openalex.org/W2787093111","https://openalex.org/W2914229219","https://openalex.org/W2915478882","https://openalex.org/W2951071083","https://openalex.org/W2954568111","https://openalex.org/W2998780520","https://openalex.org/W3004133166","https://openalex.org/W3014142998","https://openalex.org/W3014276977","https://openalex.org/W3016490716","https://openalex.org/W3120754898","https://openalex.org/W3160108390","https://openalex.org/W4236199440","https://openalex.org/W4245581736","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4385393560","https://openalex.org/W6742402671","https://openalex.org/W6764823639","https://openalex.org/W6776142824","https://openalex.org/W6789032543"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544665014","https://openalex.org/W2748364266","https://openalex.org/W4243861219","https://openalex.org/W2556374054","https://openalex.org/W2942941198","https://openalex.org/W2334533435","https://openalex.org/W2167915939","https://openalex.org/W4280570536","https://openalex.org/W3130591428","https://openalex.org/W3012551778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"a":[3,24,60,81,133,162,169],"technique":[4,15],"for":[5,26,36,63,195,208],"the":[6,18,27,44,54,57,72,75,97,131,142,157,187,212,220,259],"early":[7],"detection":[8],"of":[9,20,50,56,74,86,120,126,141,156,174,211,229],"brain":[10],"cancer":[11],"was":[12,34,80,114,137,144,231,252,269],"proposed.":[13],"The":[14,30,47,77,101,139,184,214,271],"depends":[16],"upon":[17],"use":[19],"an":[21,69],"antenna":[22,78,102,267],"and":[23,40,107,124,168,182,192,199,240,254,274],"model":[25,172],"human":[28,158],"head.":[29],"reflection":[31,188],"coefficient":[32,189],"(S11)":[33,190],"found":[35,255],"two":[37],"cases:":[38],"with":[39,191,219,281],"without":[41,193],"tumor":[42,58,64,194],"in":[43,227,278],"head":[45,159,171,177],"model.":[46],"large":[48],"increase":[49,226],"S11":[51,228,273],"due":[52],"to":[53,256],"presence":[55],"provides":[59],"good":[61],"indication":[62],"detection.":[65],"It":[66,113],"also":[67],"gives":[68],"idea":[70],"about":[71],"size":[73],"tumor.":[76],"used":[79],"reconfigurable":[82],"four-element":[83,221,265],"linear":[84,203,266],"array":[85,143,268],"squared":[87],"microstrip":[88],"patches.":[89],"Two":[90,154],"arrays":[91],"were":[92,160,206,217],"designed":[93,115],"one":[94],"circularly":[95,196,222,263],"polarized,":[96],"other":[98],"linearly":[99,200],"polarized.":[100],"operates":[103],"at":[104],"Industrial":[105],"Scientific":[106],"Medical":[108],"(ISM)":[109],"frequency":[110],"2.4":[111],"GHz.":[112],"on":[116],"FR-4":[117],"(lossy)":[118],"substrate":[119],"relative":[121],"permittivity":[122],"4.3":[123],"thickness":[125],"1.6":[127],"mm.":[128],"To":[129],"feed":[130],"array,":[132],"corporate":[134],"feeding":[135],"network":[136],"designed.":[138],"reconfigurability":[140],"achieved":[145],"using":[146],"three":[147],"single":[148],"pole":[149],"double":[150],"throw":[151],"(SPDT)":[152],"switches.":[153],"models":[155],"used;":[161],"specific":[163],"anthropomorphic":[164],"mannequin":[165],"(SAM)":[166],"model,":[167],"3-D":[170],"consisting":[173],"four":[175,209],"different":[176],"layers:":[178],"skin,":[179],"fat,":[180],"skull":[181],"brain.":[183],"simulation":[185],"calculates":[186],"polarized":[197,201,223,264],"(CP)":[198],"(LP)":[202],"array.":[204,213,224],"Calculations":[205],"taken":[207],"sizes":[210],"best":[215],"results":[216],"obtained":[218],"An":[225],"1188%":[230],"obtained.Tumors":[232],"as":[233,235],"small":[234],"5":[236],"millimeters":[237],"(four-layer":[238],"model)":[239,244],"2.5":[241],"mm":[242],"(SAM":[243],"can":[245],"be":[246,257],"detected.":[247],"Specific":[248],"absorption":[249],"rate":[250],"(SAR)":[251],"calculated":[253],"within":[258],"safe":[260],"limit.":[261],"A":[262],"fabricated.":[270],"measured":[272],"radiation":[275],"pattern":[276],"are":[277],"excellent":[279],"agreement":[280],"simulated":[282],"ones.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T09:29:38.588285","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}