{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3198170671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3111103","title":"Kernel Minimum Error Entropy Based Estimator for MIMO Radar in Non-Gaussian Clutter","display_name":"Kernel Minimum Error Entropy Based Estimator for MIMO Radar in Non-Gaussian Clutter","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3198170671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3111103","mag":"3198170671"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3111103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3111103","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09530665.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09530665.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102751182","display_name":"Uday Kumar Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0505-2921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uday Kumar Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg. (e-mail: uday.singh@uni.lu)","[Interdisciplinary centre for security reliability and trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0505-2921","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg. (e-mail: uday.singh@uni.lu)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Interdisciplinary centre for security reliability and trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037311033","display_name":"Rangeet Mitra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-5728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159129438","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/002rjbv21","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rangeet Mitra","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure (\u00c9TS), University of Quebec, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-5728","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure (\u00c9TS), University of Quebec, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820","https://openalex.org/I159129438"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050580025","display_name":"Vimal Bhatia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5148-6643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vimal Bhatia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Discipline of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India and FIM, UHK, Czech Republic. 50341"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5148-6643","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discipline of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India and FIM, UHK, Czech Republic. 50341","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006567738","display_name":"Amit Kumar Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6631-1539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157614274","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit Kumar Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa","[Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.5917,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96433922,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"125320","last_page":"125330"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.7379727363586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-mean-square-error","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","score":0.6534323692321777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-variance-unbiased-estimator","display_name":"Minimum-variance unbiased estimator","score":0.5987256169319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.5696396827697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5568086504936218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5306716561317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimax-estimator","display_name":"Minimax estimator","score":0.5228027105331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5029160380363464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steins-unbiased-risk-estimate","display_name":"Stein's unbiased risk estimate","score":0.47637054324150085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-estimator","display_name":"Efficient estimator","score":0.4579947590827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36200571060180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.29842409491539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.2946811616420746}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.7379727363586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.6534323692321777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165646398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3755281","display_name":"Minimum-variance unbiased estimator","level":3,"score":0.5987256169319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.5696396827697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5568086504936218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5306716561317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133939421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865379","display_name":"Minimax estimator","level":4,"score":0.5228027105331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5029160380363464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134962040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7606742","display_name":"Stein's unbiased risk estimate","level":5,"score":0.47637054324150085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35594927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2265984","display_name":"Efficient estimator","level":4,"score":0.4579947590827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36200571060180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.29842409491539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.2946811616420746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3111103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3111103","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09530665.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8dc3ce526108470fb50c5118c879896f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8dc3ce526108470fb50c5118c879896f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 125320-125330 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/49511","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/49511","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3111103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3111103","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09530665.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310700","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3198170671.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3198170671.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595851582","https://openalex.org/W1525535255","https://openalex.org/W1615912037","https://openalex.org/W1819447595","https://openalex.org/W1879263465","https://openalex.org/W1980254160","https://openalex.org/W1990300168","https://openalex.org/W2018744547","https://openalex.org/W2026581470","https://openalex.org/W2083506609","https://openalex.org/W2089701475","https://openalex.org/W2108809593","https://openalex.org/W2112752922","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2114865067","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2129198018","https://openalex.org/W2129640939","https://openalex.org/W2137295153","https://openalex.org/W2148744371","https://openalex.org/W2155951048","https://openalex.org/W2167932108","https://openalex.org/W2171576754","https://openalex.org/W2319242018","https://openalex.org/W2415956574","https://openalex.org/W2461653216","https://openalex.org/W2483813931","https://openalex.org/W2513838228","https://openalex.org/W2558294025","https://openalex.org/W2588308058","https://openalex.org/W2622573372","https://openalex.org/W2796882520","https://openalex.org/W2804282988","https://openalex.org/W2903929175","https://openalex.org/W2904891744","https://openalex.org/W2909812324","https://openalex.org/W2963722254","https://openalex.org/W2981504677","https://openalex.org/W3186398990","https://openalex.org/W4206180546","https://openalex.org/W4293455892","https://openalex.org/W6676953731"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160772450","https://openalex.org/W2008532365","https://openalex.org/W2036696807","https://openalex.org/W2350206592","https://openalex.org/W1976770238","https://openalex.org/W4297081759","https://openalex.org/W2731761402","https://openalex.org/W2375720303","https://openalex.org/W3021510379","https://openalex.org/W4386830465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,53,61,137],"kernel":[4,77,190,195],"minimum":[5,91,196],"error":[6,92,99,113,199],"entropy":[7,93,100],"(KMEE)":[8],"based":[9,49,81,130,152,162,178,188,203],"estimator":[10,88,119,131,153,168,179,204],"is":[11,84,154,169,180,205,227],"proposed":[12,87,118,150,176,220],"for":[13,65,214],"the":[14,23,29,39,66,90,98,109,117,122,145,149,166,175,183,216,219,222,230],"estimation":[15,46,68,82],"of":[16,20,25,41,52,69,112,124,148,158,174,218],"multiple":[17,33,35],"targets\u2019":[18],"direction":[19,24],"departure":[21],"(DOD),":[22],"arrival":[26],"(DOA),":[27],"and":[28,72,96,114,165,194],"Doppler":[30,73],"shift":[31],"with":[32,182,208],"input":[34],"output":[36],"radar":[37],"in":[38,140],"presence":[40],"non-Gaussian":[42],"clutter.":[43,127],"Most":[44],"existing":[45,210],"approaches":[47],"are":[48],"on":[50,189],"optimization":[51],"complex":[54],"cost":[55],"function":[56],"which":[57],"often":[58],"leads":[59],"to":[60],"sub-optimum":[62],"solution.":[63],"Therefore,":[64],"accurate":[67],"DOD,":[70],"DOA":[71],"shift,":[74],"an":[75,105],"efficient,":[76],"adaptive":[78],"filter":[79],"(KAF)":[80],"approach":[83],"proposed.":[85],"The":[86,102,128,172],"utilizes":[89],"(MEE)":[94],"criterion":[95,160],"minimizes":[97],"function.":[101],"MEE,":[103],"being":[104],"information-theoretic":[106],"criterion,":[107,193],"optimizes":[108],"higher-order":[110],"statistics":[111],"thus":[115],"makes":[116],"robust":[120],"against":[121],"effects":[123],"outliers":[125],"like":[126],"KMEE":[129,151],"without":[132],"any":[133],"sparsification":[134,163],"suffers":[135],"from":[136],"linear":[138],"increase":[139],"computational":[141,146],"complexity.":[142],"Thus,":[143],"subsequently,":[144],"complexity":[147],"reduced":[155],"by":[156],"incorporation":[157],"novelty":[159],"(NC)":[161],"technique,":[164],"resulting":[167],"called":[170],"KMEE-NC.":[171],"performance":[173],"KMEE-NC":[177,202],"compared":[181,207],"recently":[184],"introduced":[185],"sparse":[186],"estimators":[187],"maximum":[191],"correntropy":[192],"mean":[197],"square":[198],"criterion.":[200],"Additionally,":[201],"also":[206],"other":[209],"conventional":[211],"estimators.":[212],"Further,":[213],"assessing":[215],"accuracy":[217],"estimator,":[221],"modified":[223,231],"Cramer-Rao":[224],"lower":[225],"bound":[226],"derived":[228],"using":[229],"Fisher":[232],"information":[233],"matrix.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
