{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093926497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3110335","title":"Handgun Detection Using Combined Human Pose and Weapon Appearance","display_name":"Handgun Detection Using Combined Human Pose and Weapon Appearance","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093926497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3110335","mag":"3093926497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3110335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3110335","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09529187.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09529187.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035690469","display_name":"Jes\u00fas Ruiz-Santaquiteria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1454-7624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jesus Ruiz-Santaquiteria","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain. (e-mail: jesus.ralegre@uclm.es)","University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain. (e-mail: jesus.ralegre@uclm.es)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053170295","display_name":"Alberto Velasco-Mata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0139-1069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Velasco-Mata","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019051241","display_name":"Noelia V\u00e1llez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5092-8275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noelia Vallez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023438344","display_name":"Gloria Bueno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7345-4869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gloria Bueno","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072495615","display_name":"Juan A. \u00c1lvarez-Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan A. Alvarez-Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Seville, ETSI Inform\u00e1tica, Dep. Lenguajes y Sistemas Inform\u00e1ticos, Sevilla, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Seville, ETSI Inform\u00e1tica, Dep. Lenguajes y Sistemas Inform\u00e1ticos, Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040216542","display_name":"\u00d3scar D\u00e9niz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0841-4131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Deniz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Industriales, VISILAB, Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035690469"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":20.1839,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99193197,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"123815","last_page":"123826"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8083586096763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7725224494934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-bounding-box","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","score":0.6620656251907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.659819483757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.5799434185028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4821998178958893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.4611085057258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.43202757835388184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.4224779009819031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3218851387500763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.31457117199897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.27356016635894775}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8083586096763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7725224494934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147037132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865426","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","level":3,"score":0.6620656251907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.659819483757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.5799434185028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4821998178958893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4611085057258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.43202757835388184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.4224779009819031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3218851387500763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.31457117199897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27356016635894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3110335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3110335","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09529187.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2010.13753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.13753","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.13753","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:01303c5ef0dd4bfa89d35be6020c22b0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/01303c5ef0dd4bfa89d35be6020c22b0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 123815-123826 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:idus.us.es:11441/126063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://idus.us.es/handle//11441/126063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400333","display_name":"idUS (Universidad de Sevilla)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ruidera.uclm.es:10578/41483","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3110335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196358","display_name":"RUIdeRA - Institutional University Repository (University of Castilla-La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3110335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3110335","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09529187.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4196993975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRE2018-083772","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8637844131","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SBPLY/17/180501/000543","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327216","funder_display_name":"Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327216","display_name":"Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv91m18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093926497.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093926497.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101962219","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1642182753","https://openalex.org/W1646190092","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2004549383","https://openalex.org/W2057253725","https://openalex.org/W2095122348","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2149961050","https://openalex.org/W2213892522","https://openalex.org/W2345786383","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2590001609","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2761889585","https://openalex.org/W2778203997","https://openalex.org/W2796347433","https://openalex.org/W2900484583","https://openalex.org/W2901124798","https://openalex.org/W2922030436","https://openalex.org/W2955630485","https://openalex.org/W2962730651","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W3006345013","https://openalex.org/W3015707690","https://openalex.org/W3043995050","https://openalex.org/W3087567483","https://openalex.org/W3089475500","https://openalex.org/W3109232211","https://openalex.org/W3183238510","https://openalex.org/W3210702809","https://openalex.org/W4214684827","https://openalex.org/W4239072543","https://openalex.org/W4293584584","https://openalex.org/W4301409532","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6775488402"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4237171675","https://openalex.org/W3036286480","https://openalex.org/W4287027631","https://openalex.org/W3192357901","https://openalex.org/W2387360586","https://openalex.org/W2952736415","https://openalex.org/W3209723314","https://openalex.org/W3205398323","https://openalex.org/W2883297582","https://openalex.org/W4390524233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Closed-circuit":[0],"television":[1],"(CCTV)":[2],"systems":[3],"are":[4,37,87,99],"essential":[5],"nowadays":[6],"to":[7,26,71,89,113,137],"prevent":[8],"security":[9],"threats":[10],"or":[11],"dangerous":[12],"situations,":[13],"in":[14,55,73,108],"which":[15,98],"early":[16],"detection":[17,129],"is":[18,60,69,106],"crucial.":[19],"Novel":[20],"deep":[21],"learning-based":[22],"methods":[23],"have":[24],"allowed":[25],"develop":[27],"automatic":[28],"weapon":[29,42,78],"detectors":[30],"with":[31],"promising":[32],"results.":[33],"However,":[34],"these":[35],"approaches":[36],"mainly":[38],"based":[39],"on":[40],"visual":[41],"appearance":[43,79],"only.":[44],"For":[45],"handguns,":[46],"body":[47],"pose":[48,82,85,96],"may":[49],"be":[50],"a":[51,66,74],"useful":[52],"cue,":[53],"especially":[54],"cases":[56],"where":[57],"the":[58,100,115,123,127,132,143],"gun":[59],"barely":[61],"visible.":[62],"In":[63],"this":[64],"work,":[65],"novel":[67],"method":[68],"proposed":[70],"combine,":[72],"single":[75],"architecture,":[76],"both":[77],"and":[80,93,111],"human":[81],"information.":[83],"First,":[84],"keypoints":[86],"estimated":[88],"extract":[90],"hand":[91],"regions":[92],"generate":[94],"binary":[95],"images,":[97],"model":[101,125],"inputs.":[102],"Then,":[103],"each":[104],"input":[105],"processed":[107],"different":[109],"subnetworks":[110],"combined":[112,124],"produce":[114],"handgun":[116,128],"bounding":[117],"box.":[118],"Results":[119],"obtained":[120],"show":[121],"that":[122],"improves":[126],"state":[130],"of":[131],"art,":[133],"achieving":[134],"from":[135],"4.23":[136],"18.9":[138],"AP":[139],"points":[140],"more":[141],"than":[142],"best":[144],"previous":[145],"approach.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
