{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195000156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3106054","title":"Exploiting Block Structures of KKT Matrices for Efficient Solution of Convex Optimization Problems","display_name":"Exploiting Block Structures of KKT Matrices for Efficient Solution of Convex Optimization Problems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195000156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3106054","mag":"3195000156"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3106054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3106054","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09517277.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09517277.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076157502","display_name":"Zafar Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5863-9518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zafar Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing, Institute of Computing and Cybersystems, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5863-9518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing, Institute of Computing and Cybersystems, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004862330","display_name":"Saeid Nooshabadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8596-1350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeid Nooshabadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing, Institute of Computing and Cybersystems, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8596-1350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing, Institute of Computing and Cybersystems, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052397462","display_name":"Ichitaro Yamazaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-2508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ichitaro Yamazaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovative Computing Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovative Computing Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083604741","display_name":"Stanimire Tomov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-7959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanimire Tomov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovative Computing Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-7959","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovative Computing Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075517045","display_name":"Jack Dongarra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-1782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Dongarra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovative Computing Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-1782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovative Computing Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3125,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54833668,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"116604","last_page":"116611"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10963","display_name":"Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2612","display_name":"Numerical Analysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10963","display_name":"Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2612","display_name":"Numerical Analysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karush\u2013kuhn\u2013tucker-conditions","display_name":"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions","score":0.9641259908676147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.6510335803031921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6436718702316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6393600702285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.5893129706382751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.5312032103538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.49307510256767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.48005399107933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4578910768032074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.4198693037033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3753960430622101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2150508463382721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50454189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2075125","display_name":"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions","level":2,"score":0.9641259908676147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.6510335803031921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6436718702316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6393600702285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.5893129706382751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.5312032103538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.49307510256767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.48005399107933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4578910768032074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4198693037033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3753960430622101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2150508463382721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3106054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3106054","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09517277.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.mtu.edu:michigantech-p-34699","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/15396","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=34699&context=michigantech-p","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196391","display_name":"Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (Michigan Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","host_organization_name":"Michigan Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Michigan Tech Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3443018bb1b94bbba58ed3604d9474da","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3443018bb1b94bbba58ed3604d9474da","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 116604-116611 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3106054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3106054","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09517277.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7999402490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1709069","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195000156.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195000156.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1409984952","https://openalex.org/W1522555774","https://openalex.org/W1526083980","https://openalex.org/W1969012295","https://openalex.org/W2082364683","https://openalex.org/W2101986122","https://openalex.org/W2116773335","https://openalex.org/W2117402460","https://openalex.org/W2129516068","https://openalex.org/W2496350169","https://openalex.org/W2510870520","https://openalex.org/W2611823982","https://openalex.org/W4248060422","https://openalex.org/W4300448178","https://openalex.org/W6677641952"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2807256486","https://openalex.org/W2391309548","https://openalex.org/W2123675486","https://openalex.org/W117224218","https://openalex.org/W3038961962","https://openalex.org/W2947894078","https://openalex.org/W2791039104","https://openalex.org/W3164429027","https://openalex.org/W2950961269","https://openalex.org/W3195000156"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Convex":[0],"optimization":[1,13,34],"solvers":[2,35],"are":[3],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"in":[6,64],"the":[7,27,40,44,56,59,65,68,75,79,83,89,95,98],"embedded":[8],"systems":[9],"that":[10,70,88],"require":[11],"sophisticated":[12],"algorithms":[14],"including":[15],"model":[16],"predictive":[17],"control":[18],"(MPC).":[19],"In":[20],"this":[21],"paper,":[22],"we":[23],"aim":[24],"to":[25,38],"reduce":[26,39,94],"online":[28],"solve":[29],"time":[30],"of":[31,43,58,67,74,82,97],"such":[32],"convex":[33,52],"so":[36],"as":[37],"total":[41],"runtime":[42,96],"algorithm":[45],"and":[46],"make":[47],"it":[48],"suitable":[49],"for":[50],"real-time":[51],"optimization.":[53],"We":[54],"exploit":[55],"property":[57],"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker":[60],"(KKT)":[61],"matrix":[62,76],"involved":[63],"solution":[66,80],"problem":[69],"only":[71],"some":[72],"parts":[73],"change":[77],"during":[78],"iterations":[81],"algorithm.":[84],"Our":[85],"results":[86],"show":[87],"proposed":[90],"method":[91],"can":[92],"effectively":[93],"solvers.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
