{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3196081964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105874","title":"VGG-SCNet: A VGG Net-Based Deep Learning Framework for Brain Tumor Detection on MRI Images","display_name":"VGG-SCNet: A VGG Net-Based Deep Learning Framework for Brain Tumor Detection on MRI Images","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3196081964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105874","mag":"3196081964"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3105874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105874","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09515947.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09515947.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085763832","display_name":"Mohammad Shahjahan Majib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-7338"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Shahjahan Majib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005114002","display_name":"Md. Mahbubur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6525-2274"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Mahbubur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108624950","display_name":"T. M. Shahriar Sazzad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-1412"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. M. Shahriar Sazzad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029155757","display_name":"Nafiz Imtiaz Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-6012"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nafiz Imtiaz Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003750106","display_name":"Samrat Kumar Dey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7999-8576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I233772129","display_name":"Dhaka International University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nsh7a69","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I233772129"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samrat Kumar Dey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I233772129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085763832"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":15.4447,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":251,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99449067,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"116942","last_page":"116952"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.630359411239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6301809549331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor","display_name":"Brain tumor","score":0.5894172787666321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5832538604736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.574108898639679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.5165649652481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5073818564414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5025243759155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4391208291053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.353921115398407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2886548936367035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.24678251147270203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.1815693974494934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.630359411239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6301809549331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.5894172787666321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5832538604736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.574108898639679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5165649652481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5073818564414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5025243759155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4391208291053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.353921115398407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2886548936367035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.24678251147270203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1815693974494934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3105874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105874","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09515947.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5d3dccc9f942415cae02e6e1bf1ae56e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5d3dccc9f942415cae02e6e1bf1ae56e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 116942-116952 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3105874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105874","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09515947.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5099999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3196081964.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3196081964.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W631225344","https://openalex.org/W637153065","https://openalex.org/W1504694836","https://openalex.org/W1766594731","https://openalex.org/W1884191083","https://openalex.org/W2052684427","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2310992461","https://openalex.org/W2525157777","https://openalex.org/W2780099243","https://openalex.org/W2799476711","https://openalex.org/W2891118631","https://openalex.org/W2895683352","https://openalex.org/W2903251178","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2919734948","https://openalex.org/W2943568678","https://openalex.org/W2946319661","https://openalex.org/W2974878728","https://openalex.org/W2983817809","https://openalex.org/W2999812538","https://openalex.org/W3027786915","https://openalex.org/W3035388448","https://openalex.org/W3044301967","https://openalex.org/W3087421454","https://openalex.org/W3089094269","https://openalex.org/W3111676751","https://openalex.org/W3124204551","https://openalex.org/W3126760948","https://openalex.org/W3131046868","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6620673361","https://openalex.org/W6637965938","https://openalex.org/W6789044358","https://openalex.org/W6790526463"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206357785","https://openalex.org/W3192840557","https://openalex.org/W4281381188","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3023427754","https://openalex.org/W4315434538","https://openalex.org/W4375928479","https://openalex.org/W3131673289","https://openalex.org/W3198847674"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"brain":[1,17,68,87,167,194],"tumor":[2,69,103,168],"is":[3,28,36,56,110,116,132],"a":[4,67,111,117,205],"life-threatening":[5],"neurological":[6],"condition":[7,27],"caused":[8],"by":[9],"the":[10,16,47,90,142,166,187,213],"unregulated":[11],"development":[12],"of":[13,23,33,50,86,92,101,144],"cells":[14],"inside":[15],"or":[18,124],"skull.":[19],"The":[20,52,96,217],"death":[21],"rate":[22,55],"people":[24],"with":[25,175],"this":[26,150],"steadily":[29],"increasing.":[30],"Early":[31],"diagnosis":[32,85],"malignant":[34],"tumors":[35,88,195],"critical":[37],"for":[38],"providing":[39],"treatment":[40],"to":[41,81,164,185,192,231],"patients,":[42],"and":[43,99,119,129,154,160,226,235],"early":[44,75,84],"discovery":[45],"improves":[46],"patient\u2019s":[48,53],"chances":[49],"survival.":[51],"survival":[54],"usually":[57],"very":[58],"less":[59],"if":[60],"they":[61],"are":[62],"not":[63],"adequately":[64],"treated.":[65],"If":[66],"cannot":[70],"be":[71,232],"identified":[72],"in":[73,162],"an":[74,93],"stage,":[76],"it":[77,115],"can":[78],"surely":[79],"lead":[80],"death.":[82],"Therefore,":[83],"necessitates":[89],"use":[91,143],"automated":[94],"tool.":[95],"segmentation,":[97],"diagnosis,":[98],"isolation":[100],"contaminated":[102],"areas":[104],"from":[105],"magnetic":[106],"resonance":[107],"(MR)":[108],"images":[109,169],"prime":[112],"concern.":[113],"However,":[114],"tedious":[118],"time-consuming":[120],"process":[121],"that":[122],"radiologists":[123],"clinical":[125],"specialists":[126],"must":[127],"undertake,":[128],"their":[130,136],"performance":[131],"solely":[133],"dependent":[134],"on":[135,197],"expertise.":[137],"To":[138],"address":[139],"these":[140],"limitations,":[141],"computer-assisted":[145],"techniques":[146],"becomes":[147],"critical.":[148],"In":[149],"paper,":[151],"different":[152,178,202],"traditional":[153],"hybrid":[155],"ML":[156],"models":[157,181],"were":[158,182,229],"built":[159],"analyzed":[161,184],"detail":[163],"classify":[165,193],"without":[170],"any":[171],"human":[172],"intervention.":[173],"Along":[174],"these,":[176],"16":[177],"transfer":[179,189],"learning":[180,190],"also":[183],"identify":[186],"best":[188],"model":[191],"based":[196],"neural":[198],"networks.":[199],"Finally,":[200],"using":[201],"state-of-the-art":[203],"technologies,":[204],"stacked":[206],"classifier":[207],"was":[208],"proposed":[209,218],"which":[210],"outperforms":[211],"all":[212],"other":[214],"developed":[215],"models.":[216],"VGG-SCNet\u2019s":[219],"(VGG":[220],"Stacked":[221],"Classifier":[222],"Network)":[223],"precision,":[224],"recall,":[225],"f1":[227],"scores":[228],"found":[230],"99.2%,":[233],"99.1%,":[234],"99.2%":[236],"respectively.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":74},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}