{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195651073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105417","title":"A Real-Time Sculpting and Terrain Generation System for Interactive Content Creation","display_name":"A Real-Time Sculpting and Terrain Generation System for Interactive Content Creation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195651073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105417","mag":"3195651073"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3105417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105417","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09514802.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09514802.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chien-Wen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2844-8723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84653119","display_name":"Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/05bxb3784","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chien-Wen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2844-8723","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029298215","display_name":"Min\u2010Chun Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-2155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min-Chun Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-2155","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034946345","display_name":"Wei-Ta Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5722-7239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Ta Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5722-7239","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010007692","display_name":"Jun-Cheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0209-8932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086894","display_name":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/000zgvm20","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun-Cheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.9816,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90681936,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"114914","last_page":"114928"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8844680786132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isosurface","display_name":"Isosurface","score":0.7221261262893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5918914079666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5886404514312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marching-cubes","display_name":"Marching cubes","score":0.4917040467262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.4702621400356293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.4498080015182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4445268511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4214399755001068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41348594427108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.3438069522380829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16355052590370178}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8844680786132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45107383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1311829","display_name":"Isosurface","level":3,"score":0.7221261262893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5918914079666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5886404514312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42087268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1886184","display_name":"Marching cubes","level":3,"score":0.4917040467262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.4702621400356293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.4498080015182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4445268511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4214399755001068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41348594427108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.3438069522380829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16355052590370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3105417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105417","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09514802.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:005a9c359ab1416fa8f0e31096325547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/005a9c359ab1416fa8f0e31096325547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 114914-114928 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3105417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3105417","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09514802.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6897665826","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"109-2218-E-006-019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195651073.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195651073.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9104714","https://openalex.org/W128279625","https://openalex.org/W1505237882","https://openalex.org/W1527929510","https://openalex.org/W1876113296","https://openalex.org/W1978268323","https://openalex.org/W1981963587","https://openalex.org/W2020052831","https://openalex.org/W2029315739","https://openalex.org/W2031962851","https://openalex.org/W2060863649","https://openalex.org/W2071906076","https://openalex.org/W2099342750","https://openalex.org/W2104129020","https://openalex.org/W2126816902","https://openalex.org/W2130338154","https://openalex.org/W2131793127","https://openalex.org/W2135525032","https://openalex.org/W2164261480","https://openalex.org/W2171981681","https://openalex.org/W2229412420","https://openalex.org/W2249773824","https://openalex.org/W2601026751","https://openalex.org/W2751463909","https://openalex.org/W2760896825","https://openalex.org/W2763201992","https://openalex.org/W2783601223","https://openalex.org/W2963627347","https://openalex.org/W2991011661","https://openalex.org/W2998649743","https://openalex.org/W3034754560","https://openalex.org/W4233857083","https://openalex.org/W6600380386","https://openalex.org/W6630202080","https://openalex.org/W6639013721","https://openalex.org/W6771240607"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101711278","https://openalex.org/W4247826135","https://openalex.org/W2349635189","https://openalex.org/W1743932802","https://openalex.org/W3147868835","https://openalex.org/W2543975024","https://openalex.org/W600869452","https://openalex.org/W1966577812","https://openalex.org/W2383065774","https://openalex.org/W2085735554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Volumetric":[0],"representation":[1],"is":[2],"widely":[3],"used":[4,59,143],"in":[5,144],"digital":[6,165],"sculpting":[7,94],"and":[8,75,89,103,132,178],"terrain":[9],"generation":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,41,55,148,174],"its":[13,31],"highly":[14,150],"modifiable":[15],"characteristic.":[16],"However,":[17],"storing":[18,63],"the":[19,49,57,64,76,104,122,129,171,176],"entire":[20],"raw":[21],"voxel":[22],"map":[23],"requires":[24],"a":[25,43,162],"lot":[26],"of":[27,51,108,155,180],"memory,":[28],"which":[29],"limits":[30],"application":[32],"on":[33,48,170],"general":[34,83],"machines.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"work,":[38],"we":[39],"propose":[40],"use":[42],"novel":[44],"data":[45,69],"structure":[46,70],"based":[47,169],"concept":[50],"layered":[52],"depth-normal":[53],"images":[54],"replace":[56],"commonly":[58],"scalar":[60],"field":[61],"for":[62],"volumetric":[65,124],"information.":[66],"The":[67,92,135],"proposed":[68,93,172],"can":[71,78,96,111,117,141],"be":[72,79,112,142],"quickly":[73],"edited,":[74],"isosurface":[77],"extracted":[80],"by":[81,138],"using":[82],"methods":[84,125],"such":[85],"as":[86,121],"Marching":[87],"Cubes":[88],"Dual":[90],"Contouring.":[91],"system":[95,140],"edit":[97],"models":[98,107],"with":[99],"multiple":[100],"resolution":[101],"levels,":[102],"surface":[105],"between":[106],"different":[109],"resolutions":[110],"connected":[113],"seamlessly.":[114],"Our":[115],"method":[116,173],"achieve":[118],"similar":[119],"results":[120],"existing":[123],"while":[126],"significantly":[127],"reduces":[128],"memory":[130],"usage":[131],"computation":[133],"time.":[134],"model":[136],"created":[137],"our":[139,156,181],"common":[145],"game":[146],"engines":[147],"make":[149],"interactive":[151],"games.":[152],"Furthermore,":[153],"all":[154],"processes":[157],"are":[158],"parallel-friendly.":[159],"We":[160],"implemented":[161],"virtual":[163],"reality":[164],"content":[166],"creation":[167],"tool":[168],"demonstrate":[175],"effectiveness":[177],"feasibility":[179],"method.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}