{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194279603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3104854","title":"Review of the Security of Backward-Compatible Automotive Inter-ECU Communication","display_name":"Review of the Security of Backward-Compatible Automotive Inter-ECU Communication","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194279603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3104854","mag":"3194279603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3104854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3104854","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09514492.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09514492.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101412911","display_name":"Chandra Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4034-1806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189590672","display_name":"Kansas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p1j8758","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chandra Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046500554","display_name":"Samuel Moylan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189590672","display_name":"Kansas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p1j8758","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Moylan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061397405","display_name":"Eugene Y. Vasserman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2420-4329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189590672","display_name":"Kansas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p1j8758","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eugene Y. Vasserman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018956193","display_name":"George T. Amariucai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-6425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189590672","display_name":"Kansas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p1j8758","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George T. Amariucai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101412911"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7084,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69792398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"114854","last_page":"114869"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7839599847793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7341997623443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.6892396211624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.593435525894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.5577173233032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5210858583450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-through-obscurity","display_name":"Security through obscurity","score":0.5199952721595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.48830556869506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.48136240243911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4473758935928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-testing","display_name":"Security testing","score":0.43296176195144653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.2916889190673828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-information-and-event-management","display_name":"Security information and event management","score":0.28015264868736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.1326296627521515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13110443949699402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.09308379888534546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7839599847793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7341997623443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.6892396211624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.593435525894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.5577173233032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5210858583450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114869243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133735","display_name":"Security through obscurity","level":5,"score":0.5199952721595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.48830556869506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.48136240243911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4473758935928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195518309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13424265","display_name":"Security testing","level":5,"score":0.43296176195144653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.2916889190673828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.28015264868736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.1326296627521515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13110443949699402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.09308379888534546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3104854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3104854","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09514492.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1910.04150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.04150","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.04150","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:83bd508b86644ac385160bce5ffba235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/83bd508b86644ac385160bce5ffba235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 114854-114869 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3104854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3104854","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09514492.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194279603.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194279603.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19910538","https://openalex.org/W27630839","https://openalex.org/W87635799","https://openalex.org/W103398704","https://openalex.org/W133259797","https://openalex.org/W587808035","https://openalex.org/W1217034487","https://openalex.org/W1270572903","https://openalex.org/W1656678770","https://openalex.org/W1748687896","https://openalex.org/W1870923733","https://openalex.org/W1878403698","https://openalex.org/W1965884932","https://openalex.org/W1990798399","https://openalex.org/W1992900191","https://openalex.org/W1993180463","https://openalex.org/W1998466624","https://openalex.org/W2011778831","https://openalex.org/W2014608904","https://openalex.org/W2021149283","https://openalex.org/W2027251931","https://openalex.org/W2033342263","https://openalex.org/W2065806894","https://openalex.org/W2072724180","https://openalex.org/W2096279841","https://openalex.org/W2099005886","https://openalex.org/W2116520617","https://openalex.org/W2130459259","https://openalex.org/W2133854595","https://openalex.org/W2148974412","https://openalex.org/W2158455327","https://openalex.org/W2166668397","https://openalex.org/W2255917195","https://openalex.org/W2296701710","https://openalex.org/W2407796027","https://openalex.org/W2414564754","https://openalex.org/W2476684267","https://openalex.org/W2506734067","https://openalex.org/W2520418590","https://openalex.org/W2523758264","https://openalex.org/W2524044976","https://openalex.org/W2536935267","https://openalex.org/W2545810962","https://openalex.org/W2561208905","https://openalex.org/W2581560412","https://openalex.org/W2583689721","https://openalex.org/W2592742990","https://openalex.org/W2595545394","https://openalex.org/W2604285028","https://openalex.org/W2605804924","https://openalex.org/W2605933137","https://openalex.org/W2611710598","https://openalex.org/W2620604911","https://openalex.org/W2703342623","https://openalex.org/W2739928414","https://openalex.org/W2744713249","https://openalex.org/W2759891682","https://openalex.org/W2765274696","https://openalex.org/W2786926430","https://openalex.org/W2810097037","https://openalex.org/W2904393593","https://openalex.org/W2941500089","https://openalex.org/W2963804058","https://openalex.org/W2989230094","https://openalex.org/W2989869976","https://openalex.org/W3014212182","https://openalex.org/W3016607949","https://openalex.org/W3049484109","https://openalex.org/W3122474235","https://openalex.org/W3196586359","https://openalex.org/W4252106068","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6603557143","https://openalex.org/W6604224933","https://openalex.org/W6605384915","https://openalex.org/W6628202760","https://openalex.org/W6648653525","https://openalex.org/W6674615465","https://openalex.org/W6692292501","https://openalex.org/W6713930467","https://openalex.org/W6727508788","https://openalex.org/W6748133397","https://openalex.org/W6781820298","https://openalex.org/W6950685506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2336014427","https://openalex.org/W2299494954","https://openalex.org/W139145738","https://openalex.org/W2384598124","https://openalex.org/W2345270111","https://openalex.org/W2165898552","https://openalex.org/W2030343105","https://openalex.org/W2164920192","https://openalex.org/W1528506334","https://openalex.org/W2495229164"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Advanced":[0],"electronic":[1],"units":[2],"inside":[3],"modern":[4],"vehicles":[5],"have":[6,39,46],"enhanced":[7],"the":[8,21,25,30,56,100,109,112],"driving":[9],"experience,":[10],"but":[11],"also":[12],"introduced":[13],"a":[14,34,50,91,118,129,133],"myriad":[15],"of":[16,24,36,53,74,94,111,136,143],"security":[17,37,44,58,83,95,114],"problems":[18],"due":[19],"to":[20],"inherent":[22],"limitations":[23,110],"internal":[26],"communication":[27,104],"protocol.":[28,105],"In":[29],"last":[31],"two":[32],"decades,":[33],"number":[35],"threats":[38,96],"been":[40,47],"identified":[41],"and":[42,65,84,97,116,122,140],"accordingly,":[43],"measures":[45],"proposed.":[48],"While":[49],"large":[51],"body":[52],"research":[54,75],"on":[55,62,81],"vehicular":[57],"domain":[59],"is":[60,70],"focused":[61],"exposing":[63],"vulnerabilities":[64],"proposing":[66],"counter":[67],"measures,":[68,115],"there":[69],"an":[71],"apparent":[72],"paucity":[73],"aimed":[76],"at":[77,85],"reviewing":[78],"existing":[79,113],"works":[80],"automotive":[82],"extracting":[86],"insights.":[87],"This":[88],"paper":[89],"provides":[90],"systematic":[92],"review":[93],"countermeasures":[98],"for":[99],"ubiquitous":[101],"CAN":[102],"bus":[103],"It":[106],"further":[107],"exposes":[108],"discusses":[117],"seemingly-overlooked,":[119],"simple,":[120],"cost-effective":[121],"incrementally":[123],"deployable":[124],"solution":[125],"which":[126],"can":[127],"provide":[128],"reasonable":[130],"defense":[131],"against":[132],"major":[134],"class":[135],"packet":[137],"injection":[138],"attacks":[139],"many":[141],"denial":[142],"service":[144],"attacks.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
