{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3186740596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3100336","title":"A CVaR-Robust-Based Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Energy Hub Considering Uncertainty and E-Fuel Energy Storage in Energy and Reserve Markets","display_name":"A CVaR-Robust-Based Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Energy Hub Considering Uncertainty and E-Fuel Energy Storage in Energy and Reserve Markets","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3186740596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3100336","mag":"3186740596"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3100336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3100336","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09497046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09497046.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031515603","display_name":"Elham Mokaramian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8605-9369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72341708","display_name":"University of Mohaghegh Ardabili","ror":"https://ror.org/045zrcm98","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72341708"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elham Mokaramian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8605-9369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72341708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033999385","display_name":"Hossein Shayeghi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-399X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72341708","display_name":"University of Mohaghegh Ardabili","ror":"https://ror.org/045zrcm98","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72341708"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Shayeghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-399X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72341708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046052580","display_name":"Farzad Sedaghati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6974-4719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72341708","display_name":"University of Mohaghegh Ardabili","ror":"https://ror.org/045zrcm98","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72341708"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farzad Sedaghati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Management Research Center, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72341708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059148728","display_name":"Amin Safari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6575-2671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51301133","display_name":"Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pg2cw06","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51301133"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Safari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51301133"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078010800","display_name":"Hassan Haes Alhelou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7427-2848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108907416","display_name":"Latakia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqts970","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108907416"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Haes Alhelou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7427-2848","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108907416"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":7.1192,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97754026,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"109447","last_page":"109464"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11007","display_name":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cvar","display_name":"CVAR","score":0.8210612535476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.6885769963264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.6790032386779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.5832624435424805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5521508455276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power","display_name":"Wind power","score":0.5360615253448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.4616391360759735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4530293047428131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3737807273864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.32160690426826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expected-shortfall","display_name":"Expected shortfall","score":0.2992549538612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.23494860529899597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.22245049476623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18405991792678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.1670585572719574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.1592215895652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09007003903388977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779922397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014755","display_name":"CVAR","level":4,"score":0.8210612535476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.6885769963264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.6790032386779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.5832624435424805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5521508455276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.5360615253448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.4616391360759735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4530293047428131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3737807273864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.32160690426826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5496284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5420856","display_name":"Expected shortfall","level":3,"score":0.2992549538612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.23494860529899597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.22245049476623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18405991792678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.1670585572719574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.1592215895652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09007003903388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3100336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3100336","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09497046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:14bb89f4948040f883c7b171eef6e31f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/14bb89f4948040f883c7b171eef6e31f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 109447-109464 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3100336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3100336","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09497046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3186740596.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3186740596.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519778441","https://openalex.org/W2006586426","https://openalex.org/W2029149883","https://openalex.org/W2046298081","https://openalex.org/W2162645097","https://openalex.org/W2282306053","https://openalex.org/W2308075648","https://openalex.org/W2547374885","https://openalex.org/W2610315334","https://openalex.org/W2751672628","https://openalex.org/W2755265856","https://openalex.org/W2767602205","https://openalex.org/W2781532259","https://openalex.org/W2792399510","https://openalex.org/W2792470919","https://openalex.org/W2795785493","https://openalex.org/W2796119901","https://openalex.org/W2889270319","https://openalex.org/W2896938032","https://openalex.org/W2899566654","https://openalex.org/W2906760322","https://openalex.org/W2911240667","https://openalex.org/W2911958610","https://openalex.org/W2914257494","https://openalex.org/W2924234338","https://openalex.org/W2935980416","https://openalex.org/W2941358919","https://openalex.org/W2947782432","https://openalex.org/W2956859399","https://openalex.org/W2990391755","https://openalex.org/W2992089798","https://openalex.org/W2997646065","https://openalex.org/W3006437775","https://openalex.org/W3011058038","https://openalex.org/W3016258751","https://openalex.org/W3025858993","https://openalex.org/W3037813466","https://openalex.org/W3085516536","https://openalex.org/W3087268033","https://openalex.org/W3087319730","https://openalex.org/W3092674948","https://openalex.org/W6783425580"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012697561","https://openalex.org/W3122289112","https://openalex.org/W3208862154","https://openalex.org/W2154756406","https://openalex.org/W2391449029","https://openalex.org/W315644267","https://openalex.org/W1904801170","https://openalex.org/W2113349263","https://openalex.org/W2158539144","https://openalex.org/W2001580136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,77,128,146,168],"increasing":[1],"demand":[2,16],"for":[3,45,59],"energy":[4,11,46,60,64,79,86,115,125,147,171,203,210],"carriers":[5],"has":[6],"expanded":[7],"the":[8,27,36,105,133,143,154,163,177,196,213],"use":[9],"of":[10,30,72,82,107,135,198],"hubs":[12,61],"that":[13],"employ":[14],"distributed":[15],"response":[17],"programs":[18],"to":[19,123,161,186,194],"improve":[20],"power":[21],"system":[22,112,205],"reliability":[23],"and":[24,39,65,74,98,116,140,166,190,206],"efficiency.":[25,167],"Moreover,":[26],"unstable":[28],"behavior":[29],"renewable":[31],"resources,":[32],"as":[33,35,119],"well":[34],"indeterminate":[37],"electrical":[38],"thermal":[40],"demands,":[41],"create":[42],"major":[43],"problems":[44],"hub":[47,80,126,148,172,211],"operation.":[48,127],"Inspired":[49],"by":[50],"this,":[51],"this":[52],"paper":[53],"presents":[54],"a":[55,83,91,99,120,200],"day-ahead":[56],"scheduling":[57],"framework":[58],"(EH)":[62],"in":[63,104,114,180],"reserve":[66,117],"markets":[67,118],"considering":[68,207],"two":[69],"main":[70],"objectives":[71],"economy":[73],"pollution":[75,191],"emission.":[76,192],"studied":[78],"consists":[81],"novel":[84],"hybrid":[85],"storage":[87,204],"facility":[88],"based":[89],"on":[90,209],"fuel":[92,101],"cell,":[93],"wind":[94,136],"power,":[95],"photovoltaic":[96,138],"energy,":[97],"particular":[100],"cell":[102],"unit":[103],"presence":[106],"elastic":[108],"demand.":[109],"This":[110],"multi-component":[111],"participates":[113],"single":[121],"entity":[122],"optimize":[124],"proposed":[129,169,214],"method":[130,179,215],"also":[131],"models":[132],"uncertainty":[134],"speed,":[137],"irradiance,":[139],"load":[141],"using":[142,153,176],"Mont-Carlo":[144],"method.":[145],"risk":[149,158],"level":[150],"is":[151,174,216],"analyzed":[152],"conditional":[155],"value":[156],"at":[157],"(CVaR)":[159],"approach":[160],"increase":[162],"EH":[164],"operation":[165,188],"multi-objective":[170],"model":[173],"solved":[175],"MINLP":[178],"General":[181],"Algebraic":[182],"Modeling":[183],"System":[184],"(GAMS)":[185],"minimize":[187],"cost":[189],"Finally,":[193],"prove":[195],"effectiveness":[197],"adding":[199],"new":[201],"E-fuel":[202],"uncertainties":[208],"operation,":[212],"compared":[217],"with":[218],"other":[219],"reported":[220],"models.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}