{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3185600608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3097078","title":"Poisson-Gaussian Noise Reduction for X-Ray Images Based on Local Linear Minimum Mean Square Error Shrinkage in Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform Domain","display_name":"Poisson-Gaussian Noise Reduction for X-Ray Images Based on Local Linear Minimum Mean Square Error Shrinkage in Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform Domain","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3185600608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3097078","mag":"3185600608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3097078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3097078","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09483918.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09483918.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416601","display_name":"Sangyoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5593-5431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangyoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027284352","display_name":"Moon Gi Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5771-929X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moon Gi Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.5184,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84467113,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"100637","last_page":"100651"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.6752306818962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contourlet","display_name":"Contourlet","score":0.6675041913986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5778601765632629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5440066456794739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-mean-square-error","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","score":0.5425279140472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.5328819155693054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shrinkage","display_name":"Shrinkage","score":0.5079224705696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.49313682317733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.48347288370132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-distribution","display_name":"Poisson distribution","score":0.4725983738899231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.46989724040031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/square","display_name":"Square (algebra)","score":0.4210849404335022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42032957077026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3883321285247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35562342405319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33119118213653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.29721570014953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.2056768834590912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.200425922870636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.1844421923160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1310524344444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.08043539524078369}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.6752306818962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20479862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165589","display_name":"Contourlet","level":4,"score":0.6675041913986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5778601765632629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5440066456794739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.5425279140472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.5328819155693054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180145272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7504144","display_name":"Shrinkage","level":2,"score":0.5079224705696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.49313682317733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48347288370132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100906024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205692","display_name":"Poisson distribution","level":2,"score":0.4725983738899231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.46989724040031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135692309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111124","display_name":"Square (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4210849404335022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42032957077026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3883321285247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35562342405319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33119118213653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.29721570014953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.2056768834590912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.200425922870636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.1844421923160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1310524344444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08043539524078369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3097078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3097078","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09483918.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7fb3eca639eb42c68e1b99520c0952bc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7fb3eca639eb42c68e1b99520c0952bc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 100637-100651 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3097078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3097078","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09483918.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2140250478","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1A2C2002167","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G749339722","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1A2C2002167","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8899140641","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1A2C2002167","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3185600608.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3185600608.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W755141289","https://openalex.org/W1986830331","https://openalex.org/W2006221457","https://openalex.org/W2021262032","https://openalex.org/W2028631419","https://openalex.org/W2032128798","https://openalex.org/W2041998362","https://openalex.org/W2043778742","https://openalex.org/W2048119506","https://openalex.org/W2049909233","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2071005004","https://openalex.org/W2079724595","https://openalex.org/W2079819958","https://openalex.org/W2098092211","https://openalex.org/W2098890441","https://openalex.org/W2103504761","https://openalex.org/W2104763670","https://openalex.org/W2106002835","https://openalex.org/W2108335642","https://openalex.org/W2108855378","https://openalex.org/W2110264793","https://openalex.org/W2110505738","https://openalex.org/W2112370080","https://openalex.org/W2117853853","https://openalex.org/W2120041316","https://openalex.org/W2121366584","https://openalex.org/W2128989367","https://openalex.org/W2132680427","https://openalex.org/W2136035751","https://openalex.org/W2136043254","https://openalex.org/W2136396015","https://openalex.org/W2138461515","https://openalex.org/W2145876651","https://openalex.org/W2147099415","https://openalex.org/W2148593155","https://openalex.org/W2153321828","https://openalex.org/W2161811007","https://openalex.org/W2162205887","https://openalex.org/W2170646598","https://openalex.org/W2294576049","https://openalex.org/W2490114844","https://openalex.org/W2611650229","https://openalex.org/W2794856002","https://openalex.org/W2798681570","https://openalex.org/W3101156210","https://openalex.org/W4245898579","https://openalex.org/W4250507776","https://openalex.org/W4255521522"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973473859","https://openalex.org/W2039333314","https://openalex.org/W2356416985","https://openalex.org/W2358940597","https://openalex.org/W1989187133","https://openalex.org/W2362680912","https://openalex.org/W2361105225","https://openalex.org/W2473079406","https://openalex.org/W2380782746","https://openalex.org/W2003244095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Noise":[0],"reduction":[1],"is":[2,40,65,117,123,150,164,169,178],"important":[3],"for":[4,45,119],"X-ray":[5,15,175],"images":[6,47,176],"because":[7],"it":[8,187],"can":[9],"reduce":[10],"radiation":[11],"exposure":[12],"to":[13,102,171],"patients.":[14],"image":[16,163],"noise":[17,24,72,93,105,121,144,184],"has":[18,77],"a":[19,41,57,81],"Poisson-Gaussian":[20,58,71,104,120,183],"distribution,":[21],"and":[22,26,52,92,159,173,177,194],"recently,":[23],"analysis":[25],"removal":[27,94,185],"in":[28,73,86,135,191],"multiscale":[29,42],"transformations":[30],"have":[31],"been":[32],"widely":[33],"implemented.":[34],"The":[35,166],"nonsubsampled":[36],"contourlet":[37],"transform":[38],"(NSCT)":[39],"transformation":[43],"suitable":[44,118],"medical":[46],"that":[48,64,116],"separates":[49],"the":[50,68,78,87,97,108,127,136,140,143,147,153,156,161],"scale":[51],"direction.":[53],"This":[54],"study":[55],"proposes":[56],"noise-removal":[59],"method":[60,115,168],"using":[61,152],"NSCT":[62,74,113,137,157],"shrinkage":[63,114],"based":[66],"on":[67],"characteristics":[69,122],"of":[70,80,89,146,155],"domain.":[75,138],"It":[76],"structure":[79],"block-matching":[82],"3D":[83],"filtering":[84],"algorithm":[85],"form":[88],"basic":[90,109],"estimation":[91,110],"process;":[95],"however,":[96],"main":[98],"processes":[99],"are":[100],"modified":[101],"consider":[103],"characteristics.":[106],"In":[107,139],"process,":[111],"an":[112],"developed":[124],"by":[125],"optimizing":[126],"local":[128],"linear":[129],"minimum":[130],"mean":[131],"square":[132],"error":[133],"estimator":[134],"denoising":[141],"step,":[142],"term":[145],"Wiener":[148],"filter":[149],"determined":[151],"result":[154],"shrinkage,":[158],"finally,":[160],"denoised":[162],"obtained.":[165],"proposed":[167],"applied":[170],"simulated":[172],"real":[174],"compared":[179],"with":[180],"other":[181],"state-of-the-art":[182],"methods;":[186],"exhibits":[188],"excellent":[189],"results":[190],"both":[192],"quantitative":[193],"qualitative":[195],"aspects.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
