{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3182487637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095380","title":"A Novel Non-Invasive Estimation of Respiration Rate From Motion Corrupted Photoplethysmograph Signal Using Machine Learning Model","display_name":"A Novel Non-Invasive Estimation of Respiration Rate From Motion Corrupted Photoplethysmograph Signal Using Machine Learning Model","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3182487637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095380","mag":"3182487637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3095380","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095380","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09475991.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09475991.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021084136","display_name":"Md Nazmul Islam Shuzan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3089-9737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157386601","display_name":"North South University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wdbfp45","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157386601"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Md. Nazmul Islam Shuzan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157386601"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089082749","display_name":"Moajjem Hossain Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1611-5067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moajjem Hossain Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049423984","display_name":"Md Shafayet Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5365-2182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Shafayet Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064486960","display_name":"Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-8206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074798146","display_name":"Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088467986","display_name":"M. Monir Uddin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157386601","display_name":"North South University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wdbfp45","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157386601"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Monir Uddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Physics, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Physics, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157386601"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003290346","display_name":"Amith Khandakar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amith Khandakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066703345","display_name":"Zaid Bin Mahbub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3877-0177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157386601","display_name":"North South University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wdbfp45","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157386601"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaid Bin Mahbub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Physics, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Physics, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157386601"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055906957","display_name":"Sawal Hamid Md Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4819-863X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sawal Hamid Md. Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021084136"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157386601"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1516,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1635},"fwci":3.7232,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93895925,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"96775","last_page":"96790"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.681228518486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6711109280586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5801843404769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5764867663383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.566917896270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.5556332468986511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4567467272281647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximation-error","display_name":"Approximation error","score":0.45377805829048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unavailability","display_name":"Unavailability","score":0.44967275857925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4441889524459839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4376322031021118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.348062127828598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.21576839685440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.187454491853714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.1853884756565094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.14985427260398865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.11118125915527344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.681228518486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6711109280586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5801843404769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5764867663383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.566917896270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.5556332468986511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4567467272281647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122383733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865920","display_name":"Approximation error","level":2,"score":0.45377805829048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780505938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17093282","display_name":"Unavailability","level":2,"score":0.44967275857925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4441889524459839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4376322031021118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.348062127828598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.21576839685440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.187454491853714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.1853884756565094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.14985427260398865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.11118125915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3095380","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095380","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09475991.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c14770de344a4f71a0cb31f1270ffd04","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c14770de344a4f71a0cb31f1270ffd04","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 96775-96790 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/24038994","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_Novel_Non-Invasive_Estimation_of_Respiration_Rate_From_Motion_Corrupted_Photoplethysmograph_Signal_Using_Machine_Learning_Model/24038994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/41988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/41988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3095380","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095380","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09475991.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4695663446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IRCC-2021-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322472","funder_display_name":"Qatar University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5537252535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP12S-0227-190164","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322472","funder_display_name":"Qatar University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322472","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334468","display_name":"Qatar National Library","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv93662"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182487637.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182487637.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50605923","https://openalex.org/W112892375","https://openalex.org/W140777655","https://openalex.org/W1190519997","https://openalex.org/W1500895378","https://openalex.org/W1502922572","https://openalex.org/W1545302199","https://openalex.org/W1586648564","https://openalex.org/W1804238228","https://openalex.org/W1969205199","https://openalex.org/W1971096712","https://openalex.org/W1980128087","https://openalex.org/W1984590563","https://openalex.org/W2001741247","https://openalex.org/W2008468927","https://openalex.org/W2009501510","https://openalex.org/W2009946799","https://openalex.org/W2012048170","https://openalex.org/W2022781870","https://openalex.org/W2024991751","https://openalex.org/W2025126293","https://openalex.org/W2041018638","https://openalex.org/W2055279385","https://openalex.org/W2073161435","https://openalex.org/W2076001764","https://openalex.org/W2097721391","https://openalex.org/W2102535207","https://openalex.org/W2107820561","https://openalex.org/W2114819992","https://openalex.org/W2121410881","https://openalex.org/W2124106073","https://openalex.org/W2127784306","https://openalex.org/W2143426320","https://openalex.org/W2149620660","https://openalex.org/W2152451063","https://openalex.org/W2156742842","https://openalex.org/W2272830787","https://openalex.org/W2327960307","https://openalex.org/W2465610958","https://openalex.org/W2551614159","https://openalex.org/W2552408385","https://openalex.org/W2590876852","https://openalex.org/W2594994220","https://openalex.org/W2606284034","https://openalex.org/W2753823607","https://openalex.org/W2760212863","https://openalex.org/W2802218229","https://openalex.org/W2803082824","https://openalex.org/W2803927209","https://openalex.org/W2890462626","https://openalex.org/W2898922957","https://openalex.org/W2916455725","https://openalex.org/W2938670976","https://openalex.org/W2949121443","https://openalex.org/W2949308781","https://openalex.org/W2952649530","https://openalex.org/W3003981857","https://openalex.org/W3030350170","https://openalex.org/W3036571356","https://openalex.org/W3082600860","https://openalex.org/W3101824250","https://openalex.org/W4211049957","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602011570","https://openalex.org/W6604578402","https://openalex.org/W6627749380","https://openalex.org/W6629804754","https://openalex.org/W6681822384","https://openalex.org/W6729425918","https://openalex.org/W6754386487","https://openalex.org/W6780227570","https://openalex.org/W6782713462"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4237235066","https://openalex.org/W207884067","https://openalex.org/W3127016596","https://openalex.org/W2026539069","https://openalex.org/W2365973415","https://openalex.org/W1482423459","https://openalex.org/W3146085540","https://openalex.org/W4295122168","https://openalex.org/W3155717344","https://openalex.org/W1770458422"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Respiratory":[0],"ailments":[1],"such":[2],"as":[3],"asthma,":[4],"chronic":[5],"obstructive":[6],"pulmonary":[7],"disease":[8],"(COPD),":[9],"pneumonia,":[10],"and":[11,37,61,129,148,157,192,204,211,228,238],"lung":[12],"cancer":[13],"are":[14],"life-threatening.":[15],"Respiration":[16],"rate":[17],"(RR)":[18],"is":[19,48,84,107],"a":[20,27,42,119,179,194,225],"vital":[21],"indicator":[22],"of":[23,26,31,63,82,90,99,114,151,208],"the":[24,52,59,64,80,88,97,135,149,158,241],"wellness":[25],"patient.":[28],"Continuous":[29],"monitoring":[30,46,113],"RR":[32,45,77,123,223,233],"can":[33,234],"provide":[34],"early":[35],"indication":[36],"thereby":[38],"save":[39],"lives.":[40],"However,":[41],"real-time":[43],"continuous":[44,112],"facility":[47],"only":[49],"available":[50],"at":[51,224],"intensive":[53],"care":[54],"unit":[55],"(ICU)":[56],"due":[57,86],"to":[58,87,96,144,166,221],"size":[60],"cost":[62,227],"equipment.":[65],"Recent":[66],"researches":[67],"have":[68],"proposed":[69],"Photoplethysmogram":[70],"(PPG)":[71],"and/":[72],"Electrocardiogram":[73],"(ECG)":[74],"signals":[75],"for":[76,111,122],"estimation":[78,124],"however,":[79],"usage":[81],"ECG":[83],"limited":[85],"unavailability":[89],"it":[91,106],"in":[92],"wearable":[93,100],"devices.":[94],"Due":[95],"advent":[98],"smartwatches":[101],"with":[102,134,177,229],"built-in":[103],"PPG":[104,136,242],"sensors,":[105],"now":[108],"being":[109],"considered":[110],"RR.":[115],"This":[116],"paper":[117],"describes":[118],"novel":[120],"approach":[121],"using":[125,170],"motion":[126],"artifact":[127],"correction":[128],"machine":[130],"learning":[131],"(ML)":[132],"models":[133],"signal":[137],"features.":[138],"Feature":[139],"selection":[140,161,186],"algorithms":[141],"were":[142,164],"used":[143],"reduce":[145],"computational":[146],"complexity":[147],"chance":[150],"overfitting.":[152],"The":[153],"best":[154,159],"ML":[155],"model":[156,183],"feature":[160,185],"algorithm":[162,187],"combination":[163],"fine-tuned":[165],"optimize":[167],"its":[168],"performance":[169],"hyperparameter":[171],"optimization.":[172],"Gaussian":[173,180],"Process":[174],"Regression":[175],"(GPR)":[176],"Fit":[178],"process":[181],"regression":[182],"(Fitrgp)":[184],"outperformed":[188],"all":[189],"other":[190],"combinations":[191],"exhibits":[193],"root":[195],"mean":[196,200],"squared":[197],"error":[198,202],"(RMSE),":[199],"absolute":[201],"(MAE),":[203],"two-standard":[205],"deviation":[206],"(2SD)":[207],"2.63,":[209],"1.97,":[210],"5.25":[212],"breaths":[213],"per":[214],"minute,":[215],"respectively.":[216],"Patients":[217],"would":[218],"be":[219,235],"able":[220],"track":[222],"lower":[226],"less":[230],"inconvenience":[231],"if":[232],"extracted":[236],"efficiently":[237],"reliably":[239],"from":[240],"signal.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
