{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3182137324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095229","title":"Coarse-to-Fine Spatial-Temporal Relationship Inference for Temporal Sentence Grounding","display_name":"Coarse-to-Fine Spatial-Temporal Relationship Inference for Temporal Sentence Grounding","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3182137324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095229","mag":"3182137324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3095229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095229","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09475486.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09475486.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101461839","display_name":"Shanshan Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-244X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanshan Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-244X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045457613","display_name":"L\u00fcxi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-1806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luxi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-1806","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083864182","display_name":"Chunguo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-7226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunguo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-7226","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056225611","display_name":"Yongming Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-4616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongming Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-4616","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.097,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38373575,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"97430","last_page":"97443"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8115320801734924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.6233365535736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6037260293960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5506517291069031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-contextual-awareness","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","score":0.5117053985595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.45704561471939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.45515912771224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.41558778285980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33483728766441345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.11835700273513794}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8115320801734924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6233365535736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6037260293960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5506517291069031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64754055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574053","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","level":2,"score":0.5117053985595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.45704561471939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.45515912771224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.41558778285980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33483728766441345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.11835700273513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3095229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095229","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09475486.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1dafd52c7a0e4be2a94485efeb6824f5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1dafd52c7a0e4be2a94485efeb6824f5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 97430-97443 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3095229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3095229","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09475486.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8475670238","display_name":"\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u8f85\u52a9\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182137324.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182137324.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486649854","https://openalex.org/W1522734439","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W1927052826","https://openalex.org/W1942126453","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2111078031","https://openalex.org/W2123442489","https://openalex.org/W2146502635","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2343818649","https://openalex.org/W2405601855","https://openalex.org/W2604314403","https://openalex.org/W2798354744","https://openalex.org/W2804867909","https://openalex.org/W2886970679","https://openalex.org/W2887928923","https://openalex.org/W2888003147","https://openalex.org/W2894280539","https://openalex.org/W2904824998","https://openalex.org/W2904910963","https://openalex.org/W2931886155","https://openalex.org/W2948229620","https://openalex.org/W2948958195","https://openalex.org/W2949888942","https://openalex.org/W2950898568","https://openalex.org/W2962709777","https://openalex.org/W2962767366","https://openalex.org/W2962869524","https://openalex.org/W2963017553","https://openalex.org/W2963095467","https://openalex.org/W2963241825","https://openalex.org/W2963393391","https://openalex.org/W2963524571","https://openalex.org/W2963564796","https://openalex.org/W2963662190","https://openalex.org/W2963858333","https://openalex.org/W2963916161","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964023933","https://openalex.org/W2964089981","https://openalex.org/W2970373903","https://openalex.org/W2970898753","https://openalex.org/W2976863923","https://openalex.org/W2988823324","https://openalex.org/W2997805943","https://openalex.org/W2998495542","https://openalex.org/W2998582438","https://openalex.org/W2998631105","https://openalex.org/W3004349648","https://openalex.org/W3034314247","https://openalex.org/W3034743747","https://openalex.org/W3035413376","https://openalex.org/W3039060838","https://openalex.org/W3040018905","https://openalex.org/W3086629156","https://openalex.org/W3092739351","https://openalex.org/W3093174808","https://openalex.org/W3093471110","https://openalex.org/W3101429639","https://openalex.org/W3109715102","https://openalex.org/W4294558607","https://openalex.org/W4295253143","https://openalex.org/W4297733535","https://openalex.org/W6629028937","https://openalex.org/W6640212811","https://openalex.org/W6640700823","https://openalex.org/W6681435938","https://openalex.org/W6690815549","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6735632219","https://openalex.org/W6738964360","https://openalex.org/W6745537798","https://openalex.org/W6751097180","https://openalex.org/W6753575443","https://openalex.org/W6753998590","https://openalex.org/W6761423549","https://openalex.org/W6766646377","https://openalex.org/W6767457941","https://openalex.org/W6780578196","https://openalex.org/W6784563639"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375873920","https://openalex.org/W2146114872","https://openalex.org/W2392060890","https://openalex.org/W2055243143","https://openalex.org/W2392760275","https://openalex.org/W2083530853","https://openalex.org/W2009831055","https://openalex.org/W2393172683","https://openalex.org/W3211744874","https://openalex.org/W1994626569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Temporal":[0],"sentence":[1,8,76,132,176,215],"grounding":[2,183],"aims":[3],"to":[4,32,55,97,130,145,161,177,196,207,211],"ground":[5],"a":[6,10,90,106,155,191,204],"query":[7,75,175,214],"into":[9],"specific":[11],"segment":[12],"of":[13,139,149,181,185],"the":[14,19,57,68,113,125,131,135,147,163,168,179,198,213,226],"video.":[15],"Previous":[16],"methods":[17],"follow":[18],"common":[20],"equally-spaced":[21],"frame":[22,109],"selection":[23,110],"mechanism":[24],"for":[25],"appearance":[26],"and":[27,35,64,74,134,170,218,221],"motion":[28],"modeling,":[29],"which":[30,166],"fails":[31],"consider":[33],"redundant":[34],"distracting":[36],"visual":[37,182],"information.":[38],"There":[39],"is":[40,77],"also":[41],"no":[42],"guarantee":[43],"that":[44,235],"all":[45,124],"meaningful":[46],"frames":[47,121,209],"can":[48],"be":[49],"obtained.":[50],"Moreover,":[51],"this":[52],"task":[53],"needs":[54],"detect":[56],"location":[58],"clues":[59,184],"precisely":[60],"from":[61,119,174,216],"both":[62],"spatial":[63,169,217],"temporal":[65,171,219],"dimensions,":[66,220],"but":[67],"relationship":[69,158],"between":[70],"spatial-temporal":[71,157,199],"semantic":[72,172,200],"information":[73,173,201,224],"still":[78],"unexplored":[79],"in":[80],"existing":[81],"methods.":[82,242],"Inspired":[83],"by":[84,202,212],"human":[85],"thinking":[86],"patterns,":[87],"we":[88,104,153,189],"propose":[89],"Coarse-to-Fine":[91],"Spatial-Temporal":[92],"Relationship":[93],"Inference":[94],"(CFSTRI)":[95],"network":[96,195],"progressively":[98],"localize":[99],"fine-grained":[100,156],"activity":[101],"segments.":[102],"Firstly,":[103],"present":[105],"coarse-grained":[107],"crucial":[108],"module,":[111],"where":[112],"query-guided":[114],"local":[115],"difference":[116],"context":[117],"modeling":[118],"adjacent":[120],"helps":[122],"discriminate":[123],"coarse":[126,164],"boundary":[127],"locations":[128],"relevant":[129],"semantics,":[133],"soft":[136],"assignment":[137],"vector":[138],"locally":[140],"aggregated":[141],"descriptors":[142],"are":[143],"employed":[144],"enhance":[146],"representation":[148],"selected":[150],"frames.":[151],"Then,":[152],"develop":[154],"matching":[159],"module":[160],"refine":[162],"boundaries,":[165],"disentangles":[167],"guide":[178],"excavation":[180],"corresponding":[186],"dimensions.":[187],"Furthermore,":[188],"devise":[190],"gated":[192],"graph":[193],"convolution":[194],"incorporate":[197],"leveraging":[203],"gate":[205],"operation":[206],"highlight":[208],"referred":[210],"propagate":[222],"fused":[223],"on":[225,230],"graph.":[227],"Extensive":[228],"experiments":[229],"two":[231],"benchmark":[232],"datasets":[233],"demonstrate":[234],"our":[236],"CFSTRI":[237],"significantly":[238],"outperforms":[239],"most":[240],"state-of-the-art":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}