{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3180136340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3094470","title":"Electromagnetic Wave Propagation From Low-Earth Orbit Satellite to Ground Station Considering Interpolated Atmospheric Environments","display_name":"Electromagnetic Wave Propagation From Low-Earth Orbit Satellite to Ground Station Considering Interpolated Atmospheric Environments","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3180136340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3094470","mag":"3180136340"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3094470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3094470","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09474339.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09474339.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038420065","display_name":"Changseong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3069-662X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57664883","display_name":"Ajou University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzb2h73","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57664883"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changseong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ajou University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3069-662X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ajou University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57664883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001685932","display_name":"Dong-Yeop Na","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1920-9122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Yeop Na","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1920-9122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085096036","display_name":"Yong Bae Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7095-4614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57664883","display_name":"Ajou University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzb2h73","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57664883"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Bae Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ajou University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7095-4614","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ajou University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57664883"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038420065"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57664883"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.4739,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95859794,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"95853","last_page":"95861"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiosonde","display_name":"Radiosonde","score":0.6972360014915466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6215004920959473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.5348441004753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5341129899024963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-model","display_name":"Atmospheric model","score":0.5093127489089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.5014040470123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-refraction","display_name":"Atmospheric refraction","score":0.47176530957221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.45558294653892517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar-orbit","display_name":"Polar orbit","score":0.4536336362361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4331982731819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.4250320494174957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.3209994435310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.27706003189086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2684718072414398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22209501266479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.17425790429115295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11999413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852817","display_name":"Radiosonde","level":2,"score":0.6972360014915466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6215004920959473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.5348441004753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5341129899024963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.5093127489089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5014040470123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13468771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254634","display_name":"Atmospheric refraction","level":2,"score":0.47176530957221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.45558294653892517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92328372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746711","display_name":"Polar orbit","level":3,"score":0.4536336362361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4331982731819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.4250320494174957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.3209994435310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27706003189086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2684718072414398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22209501266479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17425790429115295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3094470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3094470","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09474339.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bee5c8916f5b49de8301f7b30b8275a7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bee5c8916f5b49de8301f7b30b8275a7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 95853-95861 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oasis.postech.ac.kr:2014.oak/113878","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/113878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401965","display_name":"Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","host_organization_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3094470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3094470","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09474339.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2267410154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2020-2018-0-01424","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5670868766","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2020-2018-0-01424","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8489682870","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2020-2018-0-01424","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","funder_display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01a3g2z22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3180136340.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3180136340.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W795774031","https://openalex.org/W1173867976","https://openalex.org/W1524573041","https://openalex.org/W1666375428","https://openalex.org/W1965403530","https://openalex.org/W1977849550","https://openalex.org/W1991382506","https://openalex.org/W2060433363","https://openalex.org/W2117148445","https://openalex.org/W2151171390","https://openalex.org/W2154695481","https://openalex.org/W2317033297","https://openalex.org/W2325433460","https://openalex.org/W2616643176","https://openalex.org/W2743363440","https://openalex.org/W2766552209","https://openalex.org/W2807220393","https://openalex.org/W2894791383","https://openalex.org/W2975207044","https://openalex.org/W3001006177","https://openalex.org/W3081583806","https://openalex.org/W3092201446","https://openalex.org/W3097193102","https://openalex.org/W3126807025","https://openalex.org/W6627473853","https://openalex.org/W6648234632","https://openalex.org/W6682766377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371603150","https://openalex.org/W2377628514","https://openalex.org/W2092484228","https://openalex.org/W1900284130","https://openalex.org/W4226067687","https://openalex.org/W3041501337","https://openalex.org/W3137627770","https://openalex.org/W2356981061","https://openalex.org/W2106004013","https://openalex.org/W4206304099"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2,18,155],"novel":[3],"method":[4,39],"to":[5,17,123],"calculate":[6,164],"the":[7,23,41,47,50,111,117,124,138,151],"electromagnetic":[8],"(EM)":[9],"wave":[10],"propagation":[11],"from":[12],"low-earth":[13],"orbit":[14,157],"satellite":[15,158,175],"(LEO)":[16],"ground":[19],"station":[20],"based":[21],"on":[22],"physical":[24],"optics":[25,32],"(PO),":[26],"ray":[27,61,128],"tracing":[28,62,129],"technique,":[29],"and":[30,55,63,67,76,80,89,102,107,131,171],"geometric":[31],"(GO)":[33],"considering":[34],"interpolated":[35,118],"atmospheric":[36,119,165],"environments.":[37],"Our":[38],"includes":[40],"reflector":[42],"antenna":[43,176],"analysis":[44,59],"using":[45,53,60,72],"PO,":[46],"interpolation":[48],"of":[49,110,127,137,174],"meteorological":[51,73,113],"data":[52],"PCHIP":[54],"Kriging":[56],"interpolation,":[57],"transmission":[58],"geometrical":[64],"optics.":[65],"Tropospheric":[66],"stratospheric":[68],"environments":[69,120],"are":[70,121],"modeled":[71],"data-air":[74],"pressure":[75],"temperature,":[77],"relative":[78],"humidity,":[79],"rain":[81],"rate-measured":[82],"at":[83],"9":[84],"different":[85],"radiosonde":[86],"observatories":[87],"in":[88],"around":[90],"South":[91,161],"Korea.":[92],"Furthermore,":[93],"we":[94,163],"utilize":[95],"Piecewise":[96],"Cubic":[97],"Hermite":[98],"Interpolating":[99],"Polynomial":[100],"(PCHIP)":[101],"Kriging-exponential":[103],"methods":[104],"for":[105,177],"vertical":[106],"horizontal":[108],"interpolations":[109],"raw":[112],"data,":[114],"respectively.":[115],"Hence,":[116],"amenable":[122],"best":[125],"use":[126],"technique":[130],"GO.":[132],"Subsequently,":[133],"effective":[134],"refractive":[135],"indices":[136],"stratified":[139],"media":[140],"can":[141],"be":[142],"extracted":[143],"via":[144],"millimeter-propagation-model93.":[145],"The":[146],"simplified":[147],"Appleton-Hartree":[148],"equation":[149],"characterizes":[150],"ionospheric":[152],"environment.":[153],"Considering":[154],"sun-synchronous":[156],"passing":[159],"through":[160],"Korea,":[162],"attenuation,":[166],"boresight":[167],"error,":[168],"received":[169],"power,":[170],"compensation":[172],"angle":[173],"various":[178],"conditions.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}