{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3176582960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3091595","title":"An Adaptive Particle Filter for Target Tracking Based on Double Space-Resampling","display_name":"An Adaptive Particle Filter for Target Tracking Based on Double Space-Resampling","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3176582960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3091595","mag":"3176582960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3091595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3091595","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09462148.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09462148.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102784428","display_name":"Zheng Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7430-4889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7430-4889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067155423","display_name":"Gang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7177-9256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120442","display_name":"AVIC Optronics (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0338ntq56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Luoyang Optoelectro Technology Development Center, Luoyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Luoyang Optoelectro Technology Development Center, Luoyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120442"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039595950","display_name":"Mingang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-5175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.3993,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8489969,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"91053","last_page":"91061"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9397000074386597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resampling","display_name":"Resampling","score":0.9244908094406128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auxiliary-particle-filter","display_name":"Auxiliary particle filter","score":0.8165237307548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7973605990409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.7871166467666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5371651649475098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4841378629207611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47721654176712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.44441524147987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.33070504665374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.2062077522277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-kalman-filter","display_name":"Ensemble Kalman filter","score":0.20452460646629333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","score":0.08008673787117004}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150921843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1170431","display_name":"Resampling","level":2,"score":0.9244908094406128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52483021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4827310","display_name":"Auxiliary particle filter","level":5,"score":0.8165237307548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7973605990409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.7871166467666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5371651649475098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4841378629207611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47721654176712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.44441524147987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.33070504665374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.2062077522277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79334102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072268","display_name":"Ensemble Kalman filter","level":4,"score":0.20452460646629333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.08008673787117004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3091595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3091595","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09462148.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:32e81592938044f4b61a56b4b2651d0e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/32e81592938044f4b61a56b4b2651d0e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 91053-91061 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3091595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3091595","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09462148.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3176582960.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3176582960.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1859106888","https://openalex.org/W1968669537","https://openalex.org/W1973876344","https://openalex.org/W2012040648","https://openalex.org/W2040196349","https://openalex.org/W2073117938","https://openalex.org/W2075464179","https://openalex.org/W2081741802","https://openalex.org/W2088311145","https://openalex.org/W2098875425","https://openalex.org/W2112970764","https://openalex.org/W2123657698","https://openalex.org/W2139009383","https://openalex.org/W2140641933","https://openalex.org/W2148061324","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2320992494","https://openalex.org/W2383232949","https://openalex.org/W2551603260","https://openalex.org/W2770385712","https://openalex.org/W2990090712","https://openalex.org/W3102869781","https://openalex.org/W3150260708","https://openalex.org/W6669799355","https://openalex.org/W6678636561"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3144709167","https://openalex.org/W1824810860","https://openalex.org/W2368144031","https://openalex.org/W2162253570","https://openalex.org/W2355962871","https://openalex.org/W2758742130","https://openalex.org/W2126226614","https://openalex.org/W2406829934","https://openalex.org/W2862160893","https://openalex.org/W2376126247"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Particle":[0],"filter":[1,31],"has":[2],"been":[3],"widely":[4],"applied":[5],"in":[6,108],"nonlinear":[7],"target":[8],"tracking":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,14,34,68,117],"the":[12,36,44,53,70,79,85,93,113,120,136,159],"ability":[13],"carry":[15],"multiple":[16],"hypothesis":[17],"and":[18,38,64,81,135,145,153,164],"relaxation":[19],"of":[20,40,55,61,72,98,122,131,138],"linearity/Gaussian":[21],"assumption.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"paper,":[25],"an":[26],"adaptive":[27],"double":[28],"space-resampling":[29],"particle":[30,99,102],"is":[32,92,106,133,140,162],"proposed":[33,160],"increase":[35],"efficiency":[37,130],"robustness":[39,71,137],"filtering":[41,132],"by":[42],"adjusting":[43],"sample":[45,86,114,146],"size.":[46],"The":[47,74,101,129,143],"first":[48],"resampling":[49],"operation,":[50],"adopted":[51,77],"before":[52],"prediction":[54,80],"samples,":[56],"generates":[57],"a":[58],"larger":[59],"number":[60],"equal-weighted":[62],"samples":[63,67,123],"some":[65],"auxiliary":[66],"enhance":[69],"filtering.":[73],"second":[75],"resampling,":[76],"between":[78],"updating":[82,90],"step,":[83],"decreases":[84],"size":[87,115],"for":[88],"weight":[89],"which":[91,111],"most":[94],"time":[95],"consumption":[96],"part":[97],"filter.":[100],"space":[103],"sampling":[104],"technique":[105],"used":[107],"both":[109],"space-resampling,":[110],"adjusts":[112],"according":[116],"not":[118],"only":[119],"weights":[121],"but":[124],"also":[125],"their":[126],"spatial":[127],"distribution.":[128],"improved":[134],"algorithm":[139],"enhanced,":[141],"simultaneously.":[142],"degeneracy":[144],"impoverishment":[147],"problems":[148],"can":[149],"be":[150],"counteracted.":[151],"Simulation":[152],"experiment":[154],"contrast":[155],"results":[156],"demonstrate":[157],"that":[158],"method":[161],"robust":[163],"efficient.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
