{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3173417808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3090512","title":"Flamingo Search Algorithm: A New Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithm","display_name":"Flamingo Search Algorithm: A New Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithm","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3173417808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3090512","mag":"3173417808"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3090512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3090512","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09459769.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09459769.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100655746","display_name":"Zhiheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-4570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Zhiheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-4570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405325","display_name":"Jianhua Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4195-5212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu Jianhua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4195-5212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":11.1224,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":140,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98658864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"88564","last_page":"88582"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9416999816894531,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7262993454933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-intelligence","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","score":0.688873291015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5767984986305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5723222494125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.480633407831192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.471696138381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-optimization","display_name":"Global optimization","score":0.4370560646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.4307255446910858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.4282878041267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-algorithm","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","score":0.4217302203178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.4145122766494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.41415634751319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3646816611289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2890625596046448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.21393126249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13511621952056885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7262993454933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.688873291015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5767984986305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5723222494125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.480633407831192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.471696138381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164752517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5570875","display_name":"Global optimization","level":2,"score":0.4370560646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.4307255446910858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4282878041267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987595161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4217302203178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.4145122766494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.41415634751319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3646816611289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2890625596046448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.21393126249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13511621952056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3090512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3090512","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09459769.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f01ccd3f79da467b9bdc77a61bc7a35a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f01ccd3f79da467b9bdc77a61bc7a35a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 88564-88582 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3090512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3090512","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09459769.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3173417808.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3173417808.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964640886","https://openalex.org/W2033472734","https://openalex.org/W2049738301","https://openalex.org/W2073478661","https://openalex.org/W2085492522","https://openalex.org/W2137563211","https://openalex.org/W2151554678","https://openalex.org/W2169934304","https://openalex.org/W2371148449","https://openalex.org/W2776664021","https://openalex.org/W2907479996","https://openalex.org/W2966600976","https://openalex.org/W2998553334","https://openalex.org/W3007907254","https://openalex.org/W3013960924","https://openalex.org/W3037233857","https://openalex.org/W3038015811","https://openalex.org/W3092076154","https://openalex.org/W3211544439","https://openalex.org/W4241511478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308079021","https://openalex.org/W2399799070","https://openalex.org/W1527337688","https://openalex.org/W2026486063","https://openalex.org/W2048054807","https://openalex.org/W2746377055","https://openalex.org/W4386001959","https://openalex.org/W2594296178","https://openalex.org/W4304182880","https://openalex.org/W2075613641"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3],"new":[4],"swarm":[5],"intelligence":[6],"optimization":[7,46,134],"algorithm:":[8],"Flamingo":[9],"Search":[10],"Algorithm":[11],"(FSA),":[12],"which":[13,142],"is":[14,30,87,96,127],"inspired":[15],"by":[16],"the":[17,36,61,82,91,107,110,114,120,159,167],"migratory":[18],"and":[19,39,69,90,150],"foraging":[20],"behavior":[21,29],"of":[22,27,50,73,77,85,109,119,139,161],"flamingos.":[23],"A":[24],"mathematical":[25],"model":[26],"flamingo":[28,111],"built":[31],"so":[32],"that":[33,125],"FSA":[34,86,126],"has":[35],"global":[37,70],"exploration":[38],"local":[40],"exploitation":[41],"capabilities":[42],"required":[43],"for":[44,166],"an":[45],"algorithm.":[47],"Three":[48],"sets":[49],"experiments":[51],"based":[52],"on":[53,81],"68":[54],"test":[55,101,117,158],"functions":[56,102],"are":[57,103,143,155],"designed":[58,156],"to":[59,105,129,157],"evaluate":[60],"convergence":[62],"speed,":[63],"optimization-seeking":[64],"accuracy,":[65],"stability,":[66],"running":[67],"time,":[68],"search":[71,83],"capability":[72],"FSA.":[74,162],"The":[75,116,163],"effect":[76],"different":[78],"input":[79],"parameters":[80],"results":[84,118],"then":[88],"discussed,":[89],"optimal":[92],"parameter":[93],"selection":[94],"interval":[95],"summarized.":[97],"In":[98],"addition,":[99],"nine":[100],"selected":[104],"visualize":[106],"trajectory":[108],"population":[112],"during":[113],"search.":[115],"above":[121],"designs":[122],"all":[123],"indicate":[124],"superior":[128],"other":[130],"algorithms":[131],"in":[132,170],"solving":[133],"problems.":[135],"Finally,":[136],"three":[137],"kinds":[138],"simulation":[140],"experiments,":[141],"push-pull":[144],"circuit":[145],"problem,":[146],"path":[147],"planning":[148],"problem":[149],"network":[151],"intrusion":[152],"detection":[153],"system,":[154],"practicability":[160],"code":[164],"used":[165],"main":[168],"experiment":[169],"this":[171],"article":[172],"can":[173],"be":[174],"obtained":[175],"from":[176],"website":[177],"https://github.com/18280426650/FSA.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
