{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3169206962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3089601","title":"A Transparent and Privacy-Preserving Healthcare Platform With Novel Smart Contract for Smart Cities","display_name":"A Transparent and Privacy-Preserving Healthcare Platform With Novel Smart Contract for Smart Cities","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3169206962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3089601","mag":"3169206962"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3089601","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3089601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3089601","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060154536","display_name":"Abdullah Al Omar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3736-1080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131323","display_name":"University of Asia Pacific","ror":"https://ror.org/03dk4hf38","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131323"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Al Omar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3736-1080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030109124","display_name":"Abu Kaisar Jamil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7378-0533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131323","display_name":"University of Asia Pacific","ror":"https://ror.org/03dk4hf38","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131323"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abu Kaisar Jamil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7378-0533","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003290346","display_name":"Amith Khandakar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amith Khandakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-9112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011260771","display_name":"Abdur Razzak Uzzal","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdur Razzak Uzzal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shiny Gleam Software, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shiny Gleam Software, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077607299","display_name":"Rabeya Bosri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-9204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rabeya Bosri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-9204","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035503794","display_name":"Nafees Mansoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3408-237X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131708325","display_name":"University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh","ror":"https://ror.org/012br3z79","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131708325"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nafees Mansoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3408-237X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131708325"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001409592","display_name":"Mohammad Shahriar Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-4053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63169043","display_name":"United International University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tqv1p28","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63169043"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Shahriar Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63169043"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060154536"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131323"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1516,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1635},"fwci":16.7796,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99153051,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"90738","last_page":"90749"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.6869564652442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6571528315544128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5663225650787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5461001992225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.543786346912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.48631104826927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.45788514614105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4147490859031677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.377177894115448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.1290738880634308}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.6869564652442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6571528315544128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5663225650787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5461001992225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.543786346912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.48631104826927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.45788514614105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4147490859031677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.377177894115448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.1290738880634308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3089601","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3089601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:59044fc24aec47109daab8bbdef09f83","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/59044fc24aec47109daab8bbdef09f83","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 90738-90749 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/24042420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_Transparent_and_Privacy-Preserving_Healthcare_Platform_With_Novel_Smart_Contract_for_Smart_Cities/24042420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/10eea8fe-1254-4f44-8f29-099ea3cbf542","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/10eea8fe-1254-4f44-8f29-099ea3cbf542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055387","display_name":"CityU Scholars","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AL OMAR, A, JAMIL, A K, KHANDAKAR, A, UZZAL, A R, BOSRI, R, MANSOOR, N & RAHMAN, M S 2021, 'A Transparent and Privacy-Preserving Healthcare Platform With Novel Smart Contract for Smart Cities', IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 90738-90749. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3089601","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/57736","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/57736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3089601","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3089601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W893234787","https://openalex.org/W1989433363","https://openalex.org/W2028639849","https://openalex.org/W2036378739","https://openalex.org/W2150187198","https://openalex.org/W2155285218","https://openalex.org/W2258475915","https://openalex.org/W2466569285","https://openalex.org/W2751956607","https://openalex.org/W2771396150","https://openalex.org/W2786190064","https://openalex.org/W2791827640","https://openalex.org/W2791935104","https://openalex.org/W2798711290","https://openalex.org/W2800753141","https://openalex.org/W2810476200","https://openalex.org/W2891232238","https://openalex.org/W2900659066","https://openalex.org/W2903575304","https://openalex.org/W2910972514","https://openalex.org/W2943665829","https://openalex.org/W2964132125","https://openalex.org/W2968462216","https://openalex.org/W2979990733","https://openalex.org/W2981733341","https://openalex.org/W2982674966","https://openalex.org/W2985198048","https://openalex.org/W3009567019","https://openalex.org/W3036172617","https://openalex.org/W3042191835","https://openalex.org/W3048572233","https://openalex.org/W3083008070","https://openalex.org/W3112578862","https://openalex.org/W3130887331","https://openalex.org/W3151901001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2584827882","https://openalex.org/W2538581760","https://openalex.org/W3195097297","https://openalex.org/W4225340788","https://openalex.org/W3038106605","https://openalex.org/W2513267613","https://openalex.org/W3049084372","https://openalex.org/W2528109871","https://openalex.org/W2940702331","https://openalex.org/W2905822832"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"smart":[1,33,99],"city":[2],"ensures":[3],"quality":[4],"maintenance":[5],"in":[6,32,155,163],"diverse":[7],"sectors,":[8],"namely":[9],"citizen":[10],"safety,":[11],"security,":[12],"healthcare,":[13],"transportation,":[14],"and":[15,20,108,134,152,169],"energy.":[16],"Besides,":[17],"data":[18,66,150,170],"privacy":[19,151,171],"security":[21,71],"have":[22,124],"become":[23],"an":[24,120],"uprising":[25],"concern":[26,72],"for":[27,119,144],"Electronic":[28],"Health":[29],"Records":[30],"(EHR)":[31],"cities.":[34],"This":[35,102],"is":[36,85,103,172],"because":[37,104],"the":[38,49,61,145,156,166],"EHR":[39],"platforms":[40],"are":[41,161],"constantly":[42],"getting":[43],"cyber":[44],"threats":[45],"from":[46],"cybercriminals.":[47],"On":[48],"other":[50],"hand,":[51],"health":[52],"insurance":[53,80,109,135,159],"companies":[54,110],"offer":[55],"certain":[56],"specific":[57],"policies":[58,160],"that":[59,148],"require":[60],"association":[62],"of":[63],"patients'":[64,131],"financial":[65],"with":[67,97,174],"EHRs.":[68],"Thus,":[69],"additional":[70],"arises":[73],"as":[74,87],"fraudulent":[75],"entities":[76],"can":[77],"alter":[78],"these":[79,105],"policies.":[81],"An":[82],"extra":[83],"challenge":[84],"triggered":[86],"patients":[88],"need":[89],"to":[90,112,129],"validate":[91],"their":[92],"identities":[93],"separately":[94],"while":[95],"communicating":[96],"different":[98],"healthcare":[100,106,146],"entities.":[101],"facilities":[107],"ought":[111],"ensure":[113],"authenticity":[114],"before":[115],"offering":[116],"any":[117],"service":[118],"individual.":[121],"Hence,":[122],"we":[123,140],"implemented":[125],"a":[126,142],"blockchain":[127,164],"framework":[128],"safeguard":[130],"personal":[132],"information":[133],"policy.":[136],"In":[137],"this":[138],"paper,":[139],"propose":[141],"solution":[143],"system":[147],"provides":[149],"transparency.":[153],"Furthermore,":[154],"proposed":[157],"system,":[158],"incorporated":[162],"via":[165],"Ethereum":[167],"platform":[168],"shielded":[173],"cryptographic":[175],"tools.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2021-06-22T00:00:00"}