{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3171793402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3088900","title":"Fault Protection in Microgrid Using Wavelet Multiresolution Analysis and Data Mining","display_name":"Fault Protection in Microgrid Using Wavelet Multiresolution Analysis and Data Mining","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3171793402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3088900","mag":"3171793402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3088900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3088900","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09454071.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09454071.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047328474","display_name":"Shazia Baloch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7135-439X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shazia Baloch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7135-439X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020854707","display_name":"Sunil Srivatsav Samsani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-1093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunil Srivatsav Samsani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-1093","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088729266","display_name":"Mannan Saeed Muhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-4660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mannan Saeed Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-4660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.1955,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94536792,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"86382","last_page":"86391"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10587","display_name":"Autophagy in Disease and Therapy","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.8737922310829163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6917898058891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.5979467630386353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5822288990020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.5602537989616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.48161691427230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.4334390163421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matlab","display_name":"MATLAB","score":0.4327555298805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiresolution-analysis","display_name":"Multiresolution analysis","score":0.4301101863384247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.4276653826236725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.39841583371162415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-wavelet-transform","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","score":0.3329262435436249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.30545854568481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2596352994441986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19178462028503418}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.8737922310829163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6917898058891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.5979467630386353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5822288990020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.5602537989616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.48161691427230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.4334390163421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.4327555298805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121927907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952516","display_name":"Multiresolution analysis","level":5,"score":0.4301101863384247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.4276653826236725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.39841583371162415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46286280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414958","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","level":4,"score":0.3329262435436249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.30545854568481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2596352994441986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19178462028503418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3088900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3088900","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09454071.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c45e47210ac34e128fb7edb7b337e42e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c45e47210ac34e128fb7edb7b337e42e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 86382-86391 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3088900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3088900","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09454071.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171793402.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171793402.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W424832857","https://openalex.org/W1803414826","https://openalex.org/W2051234273","https://openalex.org/W2062931349","https://openalex.org/W2083622469","https://openalex.org/W2316087006","https://openalex.org/W2343847222","https://openalex.org/W2472968732","https://openalex.org/W2739002725","https://openalex.org/W2751314896","https://openalex.org/W2769392971","https://openalex.org/W2785073317","https://openalex.org/W2800308380","https://openalex.org/W2809383394","https://openalex.org/W2897353496","https://openalex.org/W2897414519","https://openalex.org/W2899219696","https://openalex.org/W2911600041","https://openalex.org/W2921444430","https://openalex.org/W2932348506","https://openalex.org/W2953003215","https://openalex.org/W2957894358","https://openalex.org/W2961144751","https://openalex.org/W2978897072","https://openalex.org/W2980136829","https://openalex.org/W2990452213","https://openalex.org/W2998807699","https://openalex.org/W2999393598","https://openalex.org/W3006986458","https://openalex.org/W3009503200","https://openalex.org/W3009887213","https://openalex.org/W3010053062","https://openalex.org/W3012327858","https://openalex.org/W3013419386","https://openalex.org/W3022756169","https://openalex.org/W3022849041","https://openalex.org/W3028511797","https://openalex.org/W3041646982","https://openalex.org/W3045163438","https://openalex.org/W3047940729","https://openalex.org/W3090230049","https://openalex.org/W3096491978","https://openalex.org/W3109949793","https://openalex.org/W3111891206","https://openalex.org/W3118669056","https://openalex.org/W3123380226","https://openalex.org/W3126864912","https://openalex.org/W6786930951"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210780382","https://openalex.org/W2057975886","https://openalex.org/W4308700935","https://openalex.org/W1574359403","https://openalex.org/W2356033827","https://openalex.org/W2391138633","https://openalex.org/W4206134051","https://openalex.org/W1988336897","https://openalex.org/W2249549849","https://openalex.org/W2157981097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,176,225],"protection":[1,21],"problems":[2],"in":[3,22,138,201,222],"microgrid":[4,23,52,185],"effect":[5],"the":[6,9,34,37,59,69,76,81,86,96,101,114,120,126,132,135,141,189,196,207,223,230],"reliability":[7],"of":[8,36,62,80,89,95,105,134,140,146,174,195],"power":[10,38,109],"system":[11],"caused":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,29,32,67,74,112,125,130],"high":[15],"distributed":[16],"generator":[17],"penetrations.":[18],"Therefore,":[19],"fault":[20,53,159],"is":[24,65,123,204,240],"extremely":[25],"important":[26],"and":[27,47,71,83,93,100,107,144,160,166,171,193,216,238],"needs":[28],"be":[30],"resolved":[31],"enhance":[33],"robustness":[35],"system.":[39],"This":[40,148],"manuscript":[41],"proposes":[42],"a":[43,181],"combined":[44],"signal":[45],"processing":[46],"data":[48,122,154],"mining-based":[49],"approach":[50],"for":[51,153,163,191],"protection.":[54],"In":[55],"this":[56],"study,":[57],"first":[58],"multiresolution":[60],"decomposition":[61],"wavelet":[63],"transform":[64],"employed":[66],"preprocess":[68],"voltage":[70,82,184],"current":[72],"signals":[73],"compute":[75],"total":[77,97],"harmonic":[78,98],"distortion":[79,99],"current.":[84],"Then,":[85],"statistical":[87],"indices":[88],"standard":[90,182],"deviation,":[91],"mean,":[92],"median":[94],"negative":[102],"sequence":[103],"components":[104],"active":[106],"reactive":[108],"are":[110,220],"used":[111,150],"collect":[113],"input":[115],"data.":[116],"After":[117],"that,":[118],"all":[119],"available":[121],"provided":[124],"random":[127,197],"forest-based":[128],"classifier":[129],"evaluate":[131],"efficiency":[133],"proposed":[136,208,231],"scheme":[137],"terms":[139],"detection,":[142],"identification,":[143],"classification":[145],"faults.":[147],"study":[149],"different":[151],"aspects":[152],"collection":[155],"by":[156],"simulating":[157],"various":[158],"no-fault":[161],"cases":[162],"both":[164],"looped":[165],"radial":[167],"configurations":[168],"under":[169],"grid-connected":[170],"islanded":[172],"modes":[173],"operation.":[175],"simulations":[177],"were":[178,199],"performed":[179,210],"on":[180],"medium":[183],"using":[186],"MATLAB/SIMULINK,":[187],"whereas":[188],"analysis":[190],"testing":[192],"training":[194],"forest":[198],"conducted":[200],"Python.":[202],"It":[203],"recognized":[205],"that":[206,219,229],"method":[209,232],"better":[211],"than":[212],"support":[213],"vector":[214],"machines":[215],"decision":[217],"tree":[218],"reported":[221],"literature.":[224],"results":[226],"further":[227],"demonstrate":[228],"can":[233],"also":[234,241],"detect":[235],"simultaneous":[236],"faults,":[237],"it":[239],"effective":[242],"against":[243],"measurement":[244],"noise.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
