{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3172150605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3085405","title":"On Performance of PBFT Blockchain Consensus Algorithm for IoT-Applications With Constrained Devices","display_name":"On Performance of PBFT Blockchain Consensus Algorithm for IoT-Applications With Constrained Devices","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3172150605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3085405","mag":"3172150605"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3085405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3085405","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09445066.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09445066.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037207725","display_name":"Yaroslav Meshcheryakov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118501908","display_name":"National Research University Higher School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055f7t516","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yaroslav Meshcheryakov","raw_affiliation_strings":["HSE University, Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HSE University, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024395877","display_name":"Anna Melman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6444-7774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118501908","display_name":"National Research University Higher School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055f7t516","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Melman","raw_affiliation_strings":["HSE University, Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6444-7774","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HSE University, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017562924","display_name":"Oleg Evsutin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8257-2082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118501908","display_name":"National Research University Higher School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055f7t516","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oleg Evsutin","raw_affiliation_strings":["HSE University, Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8257-2082","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HSE University, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101516485","display_name":"Vladimir Morozov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-5711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114376631","display_name":"Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio-Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/032j5hw78","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114376631"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Morozov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-5711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114376631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015032841","display_name":"Yevgeni Koucheryavy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3976-297X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yevgeni Koucheryavy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Electrical Engineering, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3976-297X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Electrical Engineering, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037207725"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1536,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1656},"fwci":17.9172,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99253391,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"80559","last_page":"80570"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9671000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-fault-tolerance","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","score":0.8674030900001526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8217650651931763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8159887790679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consensus-algorithm","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","score":0.6887853741645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6398488283157349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5701090693473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-database","display_name":"Distributed database","score":0.4331052899360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-exchange","display_name":"Data exchange","score":0.4198707342147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.3463914394378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.34249210357666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24594905972480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.0828162431716919}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168021876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1353446","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","level":3,"score":0.8674030900001526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8217650651931763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8159887790679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983222225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2994424","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6887853741645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6398488283157349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5701090693473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.4331052899360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15845906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172338","display_name":"Data exchange","level":2,"score":0.4198707342147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.3463914394378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.34249210357666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24594905972480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0828162431716919}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3085405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3085405","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09445066.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6713006cf6604ba8989c72c57b11e4f8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6713006cf6604ba8989c72c57b11e4f8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 80559-80570 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/219717","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/219717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055260","display_name":"Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3085405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3085405","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09445066.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3172150605.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3172150605.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972614536","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2536325433","https://openalex.org/W2604122668","https://openalex.org/W2726001757","https://openalex.org/W2793346081","https://openalex.org/W2883738719","https://openalex.org/W2899357412","https://openalex.org/W2907521963","https://openalex.org/W2913880216","https://openalex.org/W2914196643","https://openalex.org/W2917162724","https://openalex.org/W2922250870","https://openalex.org/W2949200650","https://openalex.org/W2960047356","https://openalex.org/W2962280586","https://openalex.org/W2966674341","https://openalex.org/W2966840688","https://openalex.org/W2972955472","https://openalex.org/W2977666030","https://openalex.org/W2991113108","https://openalex.org/W2997215029","https://openalex.org/W3003811098","https://openalex.org/W3011394642","https://openalex.org/W3011433555","https://openalex.org/W3014397422","https://openalex.org/W3016687266","https://openalex.org/W3021039605","https://openalex.org/W3024726982","https://openalex.org/W3032829133","https://openalex.org/W3036617119","https://openalex.org/W3041348571","https://openalex.org/W3041649336","https://openalex.org/W3047138586","https://openalex.org/W3047685524","https://openalex.org/W3048671104","https://openalex.org/W3081886580","https://openalex.org/W3087287021","https://openalex.org/W3089597711","https://openalex.org/W3094710136","https://openalex.org/W3094872076","https://openalex.org/W3107245412","https://openalex.org/W3107581515","https://openalex.org/W3107827353","https://openalex.org/W3108404828","https://openalex.org/W3111142426","https://openalex.org/W3115296202","https://openalex.org/W3122066936","https://openalex.org/W3124416857","https://openalex.org/W3127572988","https://openalex.org/W3129689612","https://openalex.org/W3134254533","https://openalex.org/W4295720133","https://openalex.org/W6678832241","https://openalex.org/W6740384779","https://openalex.org/W6782600808","https://openalex.org/W6786485014","https://openalex.org/W6786572039","https://openalex.org/W6787874893"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3194244590","https://openalex.org/W2145120192","https://openalex.org/W4366607545","https://openalex.org/W3210065602","https://openalex.org/W3132443168","https://openalex.org/W4313015754","https://openalex.org/W3088605168","https://openalex.org/W4388228623","https://openalex.org/W4292223684","https://openalex.org/W4297802034"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyber-physical":[0],"systems":[1],"and":[2,48,67,112,159,174],"the":[3,14,84,97,114,137,140,147,168,183],"Internet":[4],"of":[5,13,19,37,51,57,83,86,99,139,149,156,167,182],"things":[6],"(IoT)":[7],"are":[8],"becoming":[9],"an":[10,33],"integral":[11],"part":[12],"digital":[15],"society.":[16],"The":[17,162],"use":[18],"IoT":[20,38,64,93,127,152],"services":[21],"improves":[22],"human":[23],"life":[24],"in":[25,72,154],"many":[26],"ways.":[27],"Protection":[28],"against":[29],"cyber":[30],"threats":[31],"is":[32],"utmost":[34],"important":[35],"prospect":[36],"devices":[39,52,65,94,153,173],"operation.":[40],"Malicious":[41],"activities":[42],"lead":[43],"to":[44,73,90,178],"confidential":[45],"data":[46,66,68,160],"leakage":[47],"incorrect":[49],"performance":[50],"becomes":[53],"critical.":[54],"Therefore,":[55],"development":[56],"effective":[58],"solutions":[59],"that":[60,130],"can":[61,131],"protect":[62,91],"both":[63],"exchange":[69],"networks":[70],"turns":[71],"a":[74,80],"real":[75,150],"challenge.":[76],"This":[77],"study":[78],"provides":[79],"critical":[81],"analysis":[82],"feasibility":[85],"using":[87,119],"blockchain":[88,169],"technology":[89,170],"constrained":[92,151,172],"data,":[95],"justifies":[96],"choice":[98],"Practical":[100],"Byzantine":[101],"Fault":[102],"Tolerance":[103],"(PBFT)":[104],"consensus":[105,185],"algorithm":[106],"for":[107,171],"implementation":[108],"on":[109],"such":[110],"devices,":[111],"simulates":[113],"main":[115],"distributed":[116],"ledger":[117],"scenarios":[118,129],"PBFT.":[120],"In":[121],"this":[122],"paper":[123],"we":[124,144],"investigate":[125],"typical":[126],"network":[128],"disrupt":[132],"system":[133],"performance.":[134],"To":[135],"ensure":[136],"adequacy":[138],"models":[141],"under":[142],"study,":[143],"have":[145],"analyzed":[146],"characteristics":[148],"terms":[155],"computing":[157],"power":[158],"rate.":[161],"simulation":[163],"results":[164],"demonstrate":[165],"efficiency":[166],"make":[175],"it":[176],"possible":[177],"evaluate":[179],"applicability":[180],"limits":[181],"chosen":[184],"algorithm.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}