{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3164622021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3082564","title":"A Resolution-Enhanced Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) Projection System","display_name":"A Resolution-Enhanced Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) Projection System","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3164622021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3082564","mag":"3164622021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3082564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3082564","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09438653.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09438653.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100726565","display_name":"Yijing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6421-2745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yijing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072525679","display_name":"Phil Surman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-3284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phil Surman","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Photonics Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Photonics Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049549826","display_name":"Sailing He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3401-1125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["CN","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sailing He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China","School of Electrical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100726565"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558","https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1671,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1802},"fwci":0.7577,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74610814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"78153","last_page":"78164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11897","display_name":"Digital Holography and Microscopy","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-micromirror-device","display_name":"Digital micromirror device","score":0.8462421298027039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/birefringence","display_name":"Birefringence","score":0.7775614261627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.7335687279701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7031773924827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.5042322874069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.5010898113250732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.4578993618488312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.45555979013442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.44520846009254456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.4219188392162323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.37603959441185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3707999289035797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20325002074241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.08236458897590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07948228716850281}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18645525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369469","display_name":"Digital micromirror device","level":2,"score":0.8462421298027039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125743686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108779","display_name":"Birefringence","level":2,"score":0.7775614261627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7335687279701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7031773924827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.5042322874069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.5010898113250732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4578993618488312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.45555979013442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.44520846009254456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4219188392162323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.37603959441185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3707999289035797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20325002074241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08236458897590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07948228716850281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3082564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3082564","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09438653.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d8a991ed28344c24ae2ae0b868f7d132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d8a991ed28344c24ae2ae0b868f7d132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 78153-78164 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3082564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3082564","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09438653.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1440496467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFA0205700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2709454287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61774131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3435950671","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"and Gr","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4079553529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFA0205700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4530929039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant 2019FZA5002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G466649759","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017Y","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5457052423","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFA0205700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G590912380","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant 11621101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7026257933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11621101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8208342437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1 and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8218031721","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFA","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8340078520","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8752209550","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019FZA5002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8951484681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3164622021.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3164622021.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516958522","https://openalex.org/W1905953425","https://openalex.org/W1981086157","https://openalex.org/W2000082786","https://openalex.org/W2019094519","https://openalex.org/W2025430608","https://openalex.org/W2052128981","https://openalex.org/W2056823096","https://openalex.org/W2097289864","https://openalex.org/W2102745345","https://openalex.org/W2115478677","https://openalex.org/W2153542239","https://openalex.org/W2154642966","https://openalex.org/W2209771092","https://openalex.org/W2464166991","https://openalex.org/W2474600496","https://openalex.org/W2521654215","https://openalex.org/W2547967021","https://openalex.org/W2614826808","https://openalex.org/W2756451203","https://openalex.org/W2767539461","https://openalex.org/W2794011106","https://openalex.org/W2802459450","https://openalex.org/W2806323223","https://openalex.org/W2886688927","https://openalex.org/W2891643400","https://openalex.org/W2899875615","https://openalex.org/W2910298397","https://openalex.org/W2938985846","https://openalex.org/W2958999922","https://openalex.org/W3003129844","https://openalex.org/W3009915036","https://openalex.org/W3011626458","https://openalex.org/W3012369225","https://openalex.org/W3096023492","https://openalex.org/W6719513170"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020459229","https://openalex.org/W2002506922","https://openalex.org/W4320485323","https://openalex.org/W2794517994","https://openalex.org/W2008412241","https://openalex.org/W4387300161","https://openalex.org/W1998412854","https://openalex.org/W2135082998","https://openalex.org/W2377743839","https://openalex.org/W1994411235"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,25],"paper":[2,140],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,32,97,109,128,165,172],"resolution-enhanced":[6],"system":[7,148],"for":[8,65],"digital":[9],"micromirror":[10],"device":[11],"(DMD)":[12],"projected":[13,75],"images":[14,87,159],"by":[15,80],"utilizing":[16],"time":[17],"multiplexing":[18],"and":[19,44,54,117,146,164],"birefringence":[20],"in":[21],"order":[22],"to":[23,49],"achieve":[24],"with":[26,69,134],"static":[27],"components":[28,107],"only.":[29],"This":[30,139],"provides":[31],"less":[33],"expensive":[34],"solution":[35],"than":[36],"reducing":[37],"the":[38,41,114,135,142,147,153,161],"size":[39],"of":[40,90,96,144,152,160,175],"hardware":[42],"pixels":[43],"can":[45,77],"also":[46],"be":[47,78],"applied":[48],"higher":[50],"resolution":[51,86],"displays,":[52],"as":[53,113,127],"when,":[55],"these":[56],"become":[57],"available.":[58],"Birefringent":[59],"materials":[60],"have":[61],"different":[62],"refractive":[63],"indices":[64],"linearly":[66],"polarized":[67],"light":[68],"orthogonal":[70],"polarization":[71,129],"directions.":[72],"A":[73],"high-resolution":[74],"image":[76],"observed":[79],"overlapping":[81],"two":[82],"or":[83,93],"three":[84],"native":[85],"at":[88],"shifts":[89],"one":[91,94],"half":[92],"third":[95],"DMD":[98,136,176],"pixel":[99],"diagonal":[100],"respectively":[101],"on":[102],"successive":[103],"frames.":[104],"The":[105,150],"optical":[106],"comprise":[108],"custom-made":[110],"quartz":[111],"plate":[112],"birefringent":[115],"component":[116],"an":[118],"off-the-shelf":[119],"twisted":[120],"nematic":[121],"liquid":[122],"crystal":[123],"display":[124,154],"(TN-LCD)":[125],"screen":[126],"rotator":[130],"that":[131,168],"is":[132,155],"synchronized":[133],"frame":[137],"rate.":[138],"covers":[141],"principle":[143],"operation":[145],"design.":[149],"functioning":[151],"verified":[156],"using":[157],"enlarged":[158],"letter":[162],"`R'":[163],"checkerboard":[166],"pattern":[167],"are":[169],"formed":[170],"from":[171],"small":[173],"number":[174],"pixels.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T08:04:53.788161","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
