{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3161548479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3079406","title":"A 6.94-fJ/Conversion-Step 12-bit 100-MS/s Asynchronous SAR ADC Exploiting Split-CDAC in 65-nm CMOS","display_name":"A 6.94-fJ/Conversion-Step 12-bit 100-MS/s Asynchronous SAR ADC Exploiting Split-CDAC in 65-nm CMOS","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3161548479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3079406","mag":"3161548479"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3079406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3079406","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09429217.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09429217.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076269615","display_name":"Manxin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8533-2295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manxin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051576858","display_name":"Yuting Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7281-2065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuting Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100675284","display_name":"Biao Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-7456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biao Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013845171","display_name":"Jipeng Wei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jipeng Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100706888","display_name":"Yong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2794-1324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and IME/ECE-FST, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2794-1324","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and IME/ECE-FST, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063433812","display_name":"Shunli Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2737-9845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunli Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2737-9845","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025053306","display_name":"Fan Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1089-1498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1089-1498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016448886","display_name":"Junyan Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-6251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyan Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-6251","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.6133,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81893739,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"77545","last_page":"77554"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-approximation-adc","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","score":0.8716920614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-number-of-bits","display_name":"Effective number of bits","score":0.7816006541252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6489968299865723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.6113237142562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparator","display_name":"Comparator","score":0.546211302280426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5375366806983948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.5195446610450745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/12-bit","display_name":"12-bit","score":0.49676090478897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.47092360258102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Analog-to-digital converter","score":0.4373660683631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.33855322003364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2003953456878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.16137546300888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12187328934669495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.8716920614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16671190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505579","display_name":"Effective number of bits","level":3,"score":0.7816006541252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6489968299865723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.6113237142562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155745195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164179","display_name":"Comparator","level":3,"score":0.546211302280426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5375366806983948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.5195446610450745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776310492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271420","display_name":"12-bit","level":3,"score":0.49676090478897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.47092360258102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777271169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190169","display_name":"Analog-to-digital converter","level":3,"score":0.4373660683631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.33855322003364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2003953456878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.16137546300888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12187328934669495}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3079406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3079406","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09429217.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1dbf90f6043242d5bbc7891d8a0382e8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1dbf90f6043242d5bbc7891d8a0382e8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 77545-77554 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3079406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3079406","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09429217.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6622091460","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61934008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7423090522","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JIH1233034","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321851","funder_display_name":"Fudan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7446618776","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62074038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321851","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3161548479.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3161548479.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486651006","https://openalex.org/W1549794468","https://openalex.org/W1976807891","https://openalex.org/W1978004638","https://openalex.org/W1980893811","https://openalex.org/W2000013270","https://openalex.org/W2030300946","https://openalex.org/W2038055447","https://openalex.org/W2047193536","https://openalex.org/W2048251158","https://openalex.org/W2053451635","https://openalex.org/W2093400426","https://openalex.org/W2100749576","https://openalex.org/W2101004723","https://openalex.org/W2132406028","https://openalex.org/W2285437171","https://openalex.org/W2319298645","https://openalex.org/W2331492632","https://openalex.org/W2339797656","https://openalex.org/W2464663646","https://openalex.org/W2563837912","https://openalex.org/W2564345649","https://openalex.org/W2565240407","https://openalex.org/W2586381649","https://openalex.org/W2743796603","https://openalex.org/W2801584051","https://openalex.org/W2810082459","https://openalex.org/W2909586754","https://openalex.org/W3011878475","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6645543914","https://openalex.org/W6663796909","https://openalex.org/W6675613766"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385956114","https://openalex.org/W2593119273","https://openalex.org/W2747582581","https://openalex.org/W2593068112","https://openalex.org/W4316660018","https://openalex.org/W2227577664","https://openalex.org/W4297513244","https://openalex.org/W4391021011","https://openalex.org/W4386387962","https://openalex.org/W2368405386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,82,94,99,116,131],"12-bit":[4],"100-MS/s":[5,117],"asynchronous":[6,74],"successive":[7],"approximation":[8],"register":[9],"(SAR)":[10],"analog-to-digital":[11],"converter":[12,23],"(ADC)":[13],"for":[14,28,61,126,142],"low-power":[15],"wireless":[16],"and":[17,33,64,76,103],"imaging":[18],"systems.":[19],"A":[20],"split-capacitor":[21],"digital-to-analog":[22],"(CDAC)":[24],"structure":[25],"is":[26,43,59,71,79,91],"adopted":[27],"reducing":[29,65],"the":[30,35,41,47,56,86,120],"core":[31],"area":[32,107],"improving":[34],"sampling":[36,118],"speed.":[37],"The":[38,52,89],"linearity":[39],"of":[40,108,134],"CDAC":[42,57],"calibrated":[44],"by":[45,81],"programming":[46],"least-significant-bits":[48],"(LSBs)":[49],"dummy":[50],"capacitor.":[51],"unit":[53],"capacitor":[54],"in":[55,85,93],"array":[58],"customized":[60],"higher":[62],"symmetry":[63],"their":[66],"mismatch.":[67],"Our":[68],"SAR":[69],"ADC":[70],"based":[72],"on":[73],"logic,":[75],"its":[77],"timing":[78],"controlled":[80],"delaying":[83],"block":[84],"critical":[87],"path.":[88],"prototype":[90],"fabricated":[92],"65-nm":[95],"CMOS":[96],"process":[97],"with":[98,130],"1.2":[100],"V":[101],"supply":[102],"occupies":[104],"an":[105],"active":[106],"0.029":[109],"mm":[110],"<sup":[111],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[112],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[113],".":[114],"With":[115],"rate,":[119],"measured":[121],"ENOB":[122],"scores":[123],"10.17":[124],"bits":[125,141],"1.5":[127],"MHz":[128],"input":[129,144],"figure-of-merit":[132],"(FoM)":[133],"6.94":[135],"fJ/conversion-step.":[136],"It":[137],"can":[138],"achieve":[139],"8.83":[140],"Nyquist":[143],"signal.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
