{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3161948992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3076776","title":"Analysis of OAM Performance Using Metalenses of Different Resolutions","display_name":"Analysis of OAM Performance Using Metalenses of Different Resolutions","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3161948992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3076776","mag":"3161948992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3076776","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3076776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3076776","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100451116","display_name":"Yin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-6633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-6633","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083613694","display_name":"Sirong Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sirong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065829484","display_name":"Sai\u2010Wai Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5363-1576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai-Wai Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5363-1576","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049098538","display_name":"Baiyang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baiyang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9032","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5986,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67210653,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"66982","last_page":"66988"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.6257615089416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.5858952403068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5445830821990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5424095392227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.5036167502403259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.48108455538749695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angular-resolution","display_name":"Angular resolution (graph drawing)","score":0.4669885039329529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angular-momentum","display_name":"Angular momentum","score":0.4159945547580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.40034177899360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39530834555625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1900215744972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.14632344245910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1455458402633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.12412074208259583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.6257615089416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.5858952403068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5445830821990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5424095392227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.5036167502403259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.48108455538749695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133848361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4764027","display_name":"Angular resolution (graph drawing)","level":2,"score":0.4669885039329529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155675718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161254","display_name":"Angular momentum","level":2,"score":0.4159945547580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.40034177899360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39530834555625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1900215744972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.14632344245910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1455458402633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.12412074208259583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3076776","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3076776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bceef2c2b7b04aa09b2f9f7f39c7d5a8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bceef2c2b7b04aa09b2f9f7f39c7d5a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 66982-66988 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3076776","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3076776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4499673920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019A1515111127","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5061530383","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"860\u2013000002110311","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325571","funder_display_name":"Shenzhen University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G733076137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020M682876","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G776158284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018A030313481","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325571","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W255611753","https://openalex.org/W855317664","https://openalex.org/W1498842291","https://openalex.org/W1590661973","https://openalex.org/W1808358361","https://openalex.org/W1968522610","https://openalex.org/W1998591255","https://openalex.org/W2016270087","https://openalex.org/W2058103616","https://openalex.org/W2070164966","https://openalex.org/W2094055587","https://openalex.org/W2112903791","https://openalex.org/W2130091446","https://openalex.org/W2165194858","https://openalex.org/W2166600456","https://openalex.org/W2321568402","https://openalex.org/W2378970862","https://openalex.org/W2407698506","https://openalex.org/W2509172014","https://openalex.org/W2603066550","https://openalex.org/W2758730779","https://openalex.org/W2763482868","https://openalex.org/W2774570799","https://openalex.org/W2888770017","https://openalex.org/W2899810294","https://openalex.org/W2905303640","https://openalex.org/W2905594521","https://openalex.org/W2908823271","https://openalex.org/W2921513800","https://openalex.org/W2946135847","https://openalex.org/W2985019856","https://openalex.org/W3000496862","https://openalex.org/W3006618751","https://openalex.org/W3014873467","https://openalex.org/W3023493661","https://openalex.org/W3040249549","https://openalex.org/W3040924619","https://openalex.org/W3042274457","https://openalex.org/W3042535518","https://openalex.org/W3080665475","https://openalex.org/W3098881674","https://openalex.org/W3102204358","https://openalex.org/W3108975604","https://openalex.org/W3113357851","https://openalex.org/W6787242873","https://openalex.org/W6910728005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1813319860","https://openalex.org/W2004357175","https://openalex.org/W2064502186","https://openalex.org/W1990192565","https://openalex.org/W1993625377","https://openalex.org/W2011422850","https://openalex.org/W2080868394","https://openalex.org/W2012176674","https://openalex.org/W2158056054","https://openalex.org/W2166481010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"metasurfaces":[1],"have":[2],"been":[3],"extensively":[4],"studied,":[5],"especially":[6],"in":[7,118],"connection":[8],"with":[9,50,115],"the":[10,19,25,88,92,95,98,102,108,147,158],"construction":[11],"of":[12,21,27,39,41,53,87,111,124,149,161],"orbital":[13],"angular":[14],"momentum":[15],"(OAM)-carrying":[16],"beams.":[17],"However,":[18],"dependence":[20,81],"OAM":[22,103,109,139,162],"performance":[23,110],"on":[24],"resolution":[26,127,134],"unit":[28,51],"cells":[29,52],"remains":[30],"to":[31,78,137,152],"be":[32,153],"investigated.":[33],"In":[34,120],"this":[35,80,150],"paper,":[36],"27":[37],"types":[38],"metalenses":[40,123,163],"varying":[42,54],"phase":[43,126],"resolutions":[44,56],"(1-bit,":[45],"2-bit,":[46],"and":[47,49,69,101,128],"3-bit)":[48],"width":[55,133],"(":[57],"1\u03bb":[58,129],"<sub":[59,65,72,130],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[60,66,73,131],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">0</sub>":[61,67,74,132],",":[62,68],"(1/2)":[63],"\u03bb":[64,71],"(1/3)":[70],")":[75],"were":[76,135],"designed":[77],"analyze":[79],"via":[82],"simulation.":[83],"A":[84],"thorough":[85],"analysis":[86],"simulated":[89],"results,":[90],"including":[91],"radiation":[93],"pattern,":[94],"near-field":[96,99],"amplitude,":[97],"phase,":[100],"mode":[104,140],"purity,":[105],"revealed":[106],"that":[107],"a":[112],"metalens":[113],"improves":[114],"an":[116],"increase":[117],"resolution.":[119],"addition,":[121],"even":[122],"1-bit":[125],"observed":[136],"exhibit":[138],"purities":[141],"higher":[142],"than":[143],"88%.":[144],"We":[145],"expect":[146],"conclusions":[148],"study":[151],"useful":[154],"as":[155],"guidelines":[156],"during":[157],"future":[159],"design":[160],"or":[164],"metasurfaces.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}