{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3153982940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072951","title":"Switched Beam Multi-Element Circular Array Antenna Schemes for 2D Single-Anchor Indoor Positioning Applications","display_name":"Switched Beam Multi-Element Circular Array Antenna Schemes for 2D Single-Anchor Indoor Positioning Applications","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3153982940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072951","mag":"3153982940"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3072951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072951","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09402901.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09402901.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084684712","display_name":"Rattiya Kawdungta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91538806","display_name":"King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","ror":"https://ror.org/055mf0v62","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rattiya Kawdungta","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016693215","display_name":"Supakit Kawdungta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3099-1901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73683852","display_name":"Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna","ror":"https://ror.org/04synqw60","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10245363","https://openalex.org/I73683852"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Supakit Kawdungta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Chiang Mai, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Chiang Mai, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73683852"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008122214","display_name":"Danai Torrungrueng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-2343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82828225","display_name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok","ror":"https://ror.org/04fy6jb97","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82828225"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danai Torrungrueng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center of Innovation Digital and Electromagnetic Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-2343","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Innovation Digital and Electromagnetic Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82828225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074748424","display_name":"Chuwong Phongcharoenpanich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2057-3127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91538806","display_name":"King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","ror":"https://ror.org/055mf0v62","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuwong Phongcharoenpanich","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2057-3127","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"apc_paid":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"fwci":0.4044,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55534825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"58882","last_page":"58892"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.6364755630493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.6292981505393982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.45235732197761536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.43767163157463074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-antenna","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","score":0.4216206669807434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circular-buffer","display_name":"Circular buffer","score":0.41202524304389954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.41100630164146423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3797028958797455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3556310832500458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3441314697265625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.6364755630493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.6292981505393982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.45235732197761536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.43767163157463074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.4216206669807434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85686653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224994","display_name":"Circular buffer","level":2,"score":0.41202524304389954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.41100630164146423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3797028958797455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3556310832500458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3441314697265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3072951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072951","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09402901.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b71ff6a75c34f849c95e7d0f0563ffd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b71ff6a75c34f849c95e7d0f0563ffd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 58882-58892 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3072951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072951","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09402901.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324344","display_name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok","ror":"https://ror.org/04fy6jb97"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329659","display_name":"Thailand Science Research and Innovation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3153982940.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3153982940.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1784096129","https://openalex.org/W2039965957","https://openalex.org/W2050588518","https://openalex.org/W2051342469","https://openalex.org/W2054238268","https://openalex.org/W2057799723","https://openalex.org/W2099033697","https://openalex.org/W2105328082","https://openalex.org/W2107044058","https://openalex.org/W2108482152","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2114410343","https://openalex.org/W2133703638","https://openalex.org/W2159550513","https://openalex.org/W2160320338","https://openalex.org/W2168988817","https://openalex.org/W2170962862","https://openalex.org/W2172072745","https://openalex.org/W2612506043","https://openalex.org/W2624770537","https://openalex.org/W2794105321","https://openalex.org/W2810275912","https://openalex.org/W2888890149","https://openalex.org/W2912182735","https://openalex.org/W2918771565","https://openalex.org/W2941089264","https://openalex.org/W2964029185","https://openalex.org/W2978556704","https://openalex.org/W2980624823","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W2994383957","https://openalex.org/W6638112744","https://openalex.org/W6685317358"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032226354","https://openalex.org/W2033921874","https://openalex.org/W4390582938","https://openalex.org/W2060502882","https://openalex.org/W4296910883","https://openalex.org/W1981908728","https://openalex.org/W2128998788","https://openalex.org/W2964275097","https://openalex.org/W2101947098","https://openalex.org/W2068570549"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"investigates":[2],"four":[3,158],"switched-beam":[4,200],"multi-element":[5,41,201,226],"circular":[6,42,56,140,168,202,227],"array":[7,43,57,141,169,203,211,222,228],"antenna":[8,26,34,44,102,131,142,170,204,229],"schemes":[9,27,205,230],"operating":[10],"at":[11],"2.4-2.5":[12,122],"GHz":[13],"for":[14,182,213],"two-dimensional":[15],"(2D)":[16],"single-anchor":[17],"indoor":[18,152,183,215],"positioning":[19],"applications.":[20],"The":[21,51,161,189],"realization":[22],"of":[23,53,55,79,121,191,199,208],"the":[24,77,88,99,118,166,196,219,224],"proposed":[25,225],"involved":[28],"two":[29,186],"evolutionary":[30],"stages:":[31],"rectangular":[32,100],"microstrip":[33,101],"with":[35,45,103,124,154,185,218],"dielectric":[36,104],"superstrate":[37,105],"(i.e.,":[38],"element)":[39,108],"and":[40,65,82,95,128,138,146,157,179,234],"radio":[46],"frequency":[47,119],"(RF)":[48],"switch":[49],"network.":[50],"number":[52],"elements":[54],"antennas":[58,212],"was":[59,73],"varied":[60],"between":[61],"4,":[62],"5,":[63],"6,":[64],"8":[66],"elements.":[67],"Multiple":[68],"signal":[69,81,177],"classification":[70],"(MUSIC)":[71],"algorithm":[72],"used":[74],"to":[75,86,174,236],"determine":[76,176],"direction":[78,178],"incoming":[80,159,187],"Friis":[83],"transmission":[84,89],"equation":[85],"estimate":[87],"distance.":[90],"Simulations":[91],"were":[92,144],"carried":[93,148],"out,":[94],"results":[96,163],"showed":[97],"that":[98,165],"(one":[106],"single":[107],"achieved":[109],"impedance":[110],"matching":[111],"($\\vert":[112],"S_{11}\\vert":[113],"<":[114],"-10\\,\\,\\text":[115],"{dB}$)":[116],"in":[117,150,195,206],"range":[120],"GHz,":[123],"unidirectional":[125],"radiation":[126],"pattern":[127],"6.65":[129],"dBi":[130],"gain.":[132],"In":[133],"addition,":[134],"four-,":[135],"five-,":[136],"six-,":[137],"eight-element":[139,167],"prototypes":[143],"fabricated":[145],"experiments":[147],"out":[149],"an":[151],"environment":[153],"two,":[155],"three,":[156],"signals.":[160,188],"experimental":[162],"indicated":[164],"could":[171],"be":[172],"deployed":[173],"reliably":[175],"distance,":[180],"particularly":[181],"localization":[184],"novelty":[190],"this":[192],"work":[193],"lies":[194],"potential":[197],"use":[198],"place":[207],"conventional":[209,220],"adaptive":[210,221],"2D":[214],"localization.":[216],"Compared":[217],"antennas,":[223],"are":[231],"relatively":[232],"low-cost":[233],"easy":[235],"fabricate.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}