{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3154835647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072567","title":"Novel Ternary Adder and Multiplier Designs Without Using Decoders or Encoders","display_name":"Novel Ternary Adder and Multiplier Designs Without Using Decoders or Encoders","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3154835647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072567","mag":"3154835647"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3072567","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072567","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09400354.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09400354.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039383179","display_name":"Jihad Mohamad Alja\u2019am","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihad Mohamed Aljaam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0989-4648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039250502","display_name":"Ramzi A. Jaber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0021-516X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160368002","display_name":"Lebanese University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x6qnc69","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramzi A. Jaber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0021-516X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017608892","display_name":"Somaya Al-M\u00e1adeed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-2899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Somaya Ali Al-Maadeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-2899","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1516,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1635},"fwci":2.9504,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91493081,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"56726","last_page":"56735"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.705386221408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.674948513507843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor-count","display_name":"Transistor count","score":0.5245347619056702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5081489086151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5006618499755859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.49551475048065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.48907262086868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-electronics","display_name":"Digital electronics","score":0.4676287770271301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.4577658474445343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.44837602972984314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ternary-operation","display_name":"Ternary operation","score":0.4398093819618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-synthesis","display_name":"Logic synthesis","score":0.4222310185432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.4153728485107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.32072365283966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.30163177847862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.2558109164237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20948675274848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1496138572692871}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.705386221408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.674948513507843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196320899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623746","display_name":"Transistor count","level":4,"score":0.5245347619056702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5081489086151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5006618499755859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.49551475048065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.48907262086868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81843906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173156","display_name":"Digital electronics","level":3,"score":0.4676287770271301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.4577658474445343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.44837602972984314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64452783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524945","display_name":"Ternary operation","level":2,"score":0.4398093819618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157922185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173198","display_name":"Logic synthesis","level":3,"score":0.4222310185432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.4153728485107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.32072365283966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.30163177847862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.2558109164237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20948675274848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1496138572692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3072567","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072567","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09400354.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e3fedab4840d4ec9b84f53c745572257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e3fedab4840d4ec9b84f53c745572257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 56726-56735 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/24042504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Novel_Ternary_Adder_and_Multiplier_Designs_Without_Using_Decoders_or_Encoders/24042504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402621","display_name":"INDIGO (University of Illinois at Chicago)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/31107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/31107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3072567","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3072567","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09400354.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334468","display_name":"Qatar National Library","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv93662"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3154835647.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3154835647.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025152094","https://openalex.org/W2036475592","https://openalex.org/W2112701476","https://openalex.org/W2133467019","https://openalex.org/W2165303371","https://openalex.org/W2169245181","https://openalex.org/W2344229673","https://openalex.org/W2520324271","https://openalex.org/W2570369295","https://openalex.org/W2592371101","https://openalex.org/W2595151276","https://openalex.org/W2595687499","https://openalex.org/W2606867011","https://openalex.org/W2782338203","https://openalex.org/W2800980372","https://openalex.org/W2807358726","https://openalex.org/W2808360896","https://openalex.org/W2892652298","https://openalex.org/W2911149048","https://openalex.org/W2916828022","https://openalex.org/W2958071401","https://openalex.org/W2994485499","https://openalex.org/W2997089893","https://openalex.org/W3011943251","https://openalex.org/W3012023803","https://openalex.org/W3013609802","https://openalex.org/W3022068489","https://openalex.org/W3028713688","https://openalex.org/W3030741042","https://openalex.org/W3082827302","https://openalex.org/W3113281519","https://openalex.org/W3115650748","https://openalex.org/W3118634548","https://openalex.org/W3119665920","https://openalex.org/W3120323608","https://openalex.org/W3126289572","https://openalex.org/W3127751181","https://openalex.org/W3128758137","https://openalex.org/W4302071838","https://openalex.org/W6787452736","https://openalex.org/W6788013580","https://openalex.org/W6788535979","https://openalex.org/W6790188771","https://openalex.org/W6790421555","https://openalex.org/W6845118841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3166220017","https://openalex.org/W2151773946","https://openalex.org/W2119296295","https://openalex.org/W2622611104","https://openalex.org/W2595074880","https://openalex.org/W2394021504","https://openalex.org/W4206995395","https://openalex.org/W2213903980","https://openalex.org/W1923598886","https://openalex.org/W2076136595"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple-Valued":[0],"Logic":[1],"systems":[2,31],"present":[3],"significant":[4],"improvements":[5],"in":[6,27,99,152,159,167],"terms":[7,100],"of":[8,34,83,95,101,123,149],"energy":[9,25,89],"consumption":[10,26],"over":[11],"binary":[12],"logic":[13,75],"systems.":[14],"This":[15],"paper":[16],"proposes":[17],"new":[18],"ternary":[19,47,57,72],"combinational":[20],"digital":[21],"circuits":[22,54,60,126],"that":[23],"reduce":[24],"low-power":[28],"nano-scale":[29],"embedded":[30],"and":[32,51,61,67,86,109,139,157,162,165],"Internet":[33],"Thing":[35],"(IoT)":[36],"devices":[37],"to":[38,79,127,136,170],"save":[39],"their":[40],"battery":[41],"consumption.":[42],"The":[43,143],"32":[44],"nm":[45],"CNTFET-based":[46],"half":[48],"adder":[49],"(THA)":[50],"multiplier":[52],"(TMUL)":[53],"use":[55],"novel":[56],"unary":[58],"operator":[59],"implement":[62],"two":[63],"power":[64],"supplies":[65],"Vdd":[66],"Vdd/2":[68],"without":[69],"using":[70,117],"any":[71],"decoders,":[73],"basic":[74],"gates,":[76],"or":[77],"encoders":[78],"minimize":[80],"the":[81,88,96,121,124,129,134,140,147,150,171],"number":[82],"used":[84],"transistors":[85,160],"improve":[87,133],"efficiency.":[90],"Extensive":[91],"simulations":[92],"(over":[93],"160)":[94],"proposed":[97,125],"designs":[98,116,151],"PVT":[102],"(Process,":[103],"Voltage,":[104],"Temperature)":[105],"variations,":[106,138],"noise":[107,141],"effect,":[108],"scalability":[110],"studies,":[111],"along":[112],"with":[113],"several":[114],"benchmark":[115],"HSPICE":[118],"simulator,":[119],"prove":[120],"significance":[122],"decrease":[128],"power-delay":[130],"product":[131],"(PDP),":[132],"robustness":[135],"process":[137],"tolerance.":[142],"obtained":[144],"results":[145],"show":[146],"superiority":[148],"a":[153],"reduction":[154],"between":[155,163],"32%":[156],"74%":[158],"count":[161],"18%":[164],"99%":[166],"PDP":[168],"compared":[169],"most":[172],"recent":[173],"works.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2021-04-26T00:00:00"}
