{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3156214841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071830","title":"Developments and Challenges in Local Electricity Markets: A Comprehensive Review","display_name":"Developments and Challenges in Local Electricity Markets: A Comprehensive Review","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3156214841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071830","mag":"3156214841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3071830","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071830","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09399078.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09399078.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023066942","display_name":"Sigurd Bjarghov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-4131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sigurd Bjarghov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-4131","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004474101","display_name":"Markus L\u00f6schenbrand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4614-4558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Loschenbrand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Systems, SINTEF Energy Research, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4614-4558","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Systems, SINTEF Energy Research, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033280038","display_name":"Aziz Saif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0511-4512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123804","display_name":"International Energy Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/025jtyf63","country_code":"IE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123804"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. U. N. Ibn Saif","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Energy Research Centre, Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0511-4512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Energy Research Centre, Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003801128","display_name":"Raquel Alonso Pedrero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3298-2382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raquel Alonso Pedrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037561849","display_name":"Christian Pfeiffer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-8443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094037","display_name":"University of Applied Sciences Burgenland","ror":"https://ror.org/00t6gnv18","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094037"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Pfeiffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschung Burgenland GmbH, Eisenstadt, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschung Burgenland GmbH, Eisenstadt, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040024660","display_name":"Shafi Khadem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-770X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123804","display_name":"International Energy Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/025jtyf63","country_code":"IE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123804"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shafiuzzaman K. Khadem","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Energy Research Centre, Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-770X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Energy Research Centre, Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067785199","display_name":"Marion Rabelhofer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1778-3091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094037","display_name":"University of Applied Sciences Burgenland","ror":"https://ror.org/00t6gnv18","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094037"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marion Rabelhofer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschung Burgenland GmbH, Eisenstadt, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1778-3091","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschung Burgenland GmbH, Eisenstadt, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026620203","display_name":"Frida Huglen Revheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-3614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frida Revheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Economics Group, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-3614","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Economics Group, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084218349","display_name":"Hossein Farahmand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1125-8296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Farahmand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1125-8296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023066942"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":8.7451,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":119,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98446576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"58910","last_page":"58943"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.7199417948722839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralization","display_name":"Decentralization","score":0.6417791247367859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.48589271306991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.4435006380081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.44170570373535156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-retailing","display_name":"Electricity retailing","score":0.43706220388412476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-market","display_name":"Electricity market","score":0.4368076026439667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.4300517439842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4222659170627594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.39762017130851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3788124918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.377058744430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.32285159826278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.27578943967819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-economy","display_name":"Market economy","score":0.20234912633895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14912199974060059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.11221247911453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10868766903877258}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.7199417948722839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136810230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188961","display_name":"Decentralization","level":2,"score":0.6417791247367859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.48589271306991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4435006380081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.44170570373535156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57101690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2356921","display_name":"Electricity retailing","level":4,"score":0.43706220388412476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146733006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676081","display_name":"Electricity market","level":3,"score":0.4368076026439667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.4300517439842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4222659170627594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.39762017130851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3788124918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.377058744430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.32285159826278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27578943967819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.20234912633895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14912199974060059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.11221247911453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10868766903877258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3071830","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071830","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09399078.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e2d138f4eb0d4b29b432808917831a61","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e2d138f4eb0d4b29b432808917831a61","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 58910-58943 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2780629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2780629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3071830","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071830","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09399078.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3387159805","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2495996","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311040","funder_display_name":"Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4423739647","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"309182/E20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6359072371","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"309182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311040","display_name":"Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/00epmv149"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3156214841.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3156214841.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":177,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968362992","https://openalex.org/W1981670580","https://openalex.org/W2001696227","https://openalex.org/W2005505506","https://openalex.org/W2008946554","https://openalex.org/W2032750621","https://openalex.org/W2033418523","https://openalex.org/W2038679879","https://openalex.org/W2042225379","https://openalex.org/W2043282011","https://openalex.org/W2045597983","https://openalex.org/W2048009800","https://openalex.org/W2056456094","https://openalex.org/W2061499104","https://openalex.org/W2074496454","https://openalex.org/W2080547308","https://openalex.org/W2098432798","https://openalex.org/W2100197017","https://openalex.org/W2133726159","https://openalex.org/W2135650408","https://openalex.org/W2137872274","https://openalex.org/W2151795203","https://openalex.org/W2156341689","https://openalex.org/W2164278908","https://openalex.org/W2168285483","https://openalex.org/W2211194997","https://openalex.org/W2281985329","https://openalex.org/W2297621354","https://openalex.org/W2313187266","https://openalex.org/W2318227797","https://openalex.org/W2326889094","https://openalex.org/W2329482351","https://openalex.org/W2343506154","https://openalex.org/W2395721918","https://openalex.org/W2418228673","https://openalex.org/W2486528818","https://openalex.org/W2488477403","https://openalex.org/W2534187232","https://openalex.org/W2537670284","https://openalex.org/W2555377723","https://openalex.org/W2569201729","https://openalex.org/W2569916394","https://openalex.org/W2578882176","https://openalex.org/W2588780890","https://openalex.org/W2590139027","https://openalex.org/W2592013021","https://openalex.org/W2593427583","https://openalex.org/W2594531422","https://openalex.org/W2605837009","https://openalex.org/W2608926820","https://openalex.org/W2618656593","https://openalex.org/W2619663352","https://openalex.org/W2619984247","https://openalex.org/W2621144746","https://openalex.org/W2629433172","https://openalex.org/W2731735422","https://openalex.org/W2734551887","https://openalex.org/W2736015369","https://openalex.org/W2737628516","https://openalex.org/W2748692995","https://openalex.org/W2751409584","https://openalex.org/W2756327892","https://openalex.org/W2762655110","https://openalex.org/W2763318334","https://openalex.org/W2766582599","https://openalex.org/W2768722689","https://openalex.org/W2769743845","https://openalex.org/W2775410218","https://openalex.org/W2779073789","https://openalex.org/W2782020667","https://openalex.org/W2782740643","https://openalex.org/W2783275103","https://openalex.org/W2786215208","https://openalex.org/W2788569668","https://openalex.org/W2791029640","https://openalex.org/W2791344939","https://openalex.org/W2793989095","https://openalex.org/W2795896969","https://openalex.org/W2801389981","https://openalex.org/W2805202578","https://openalex.org/W2808149160","https://openalex.org/W2808473341","https://openalex.org/W2810303149","https://openalex.org/W2825621341","https://openalex.org/W2856171837","https://openalex.org/W2883628237","https://openalex.org/W2886352914","https://openalex.org/W2889496494","https://openalex.org/W2890184754","https://openalex.org/W2892600033","https://openalex.org/W2894264899","https://openalex.org/W2895895858","https://openalex.org/W2896675730","https://openalex.org/W2896967770","https://openalex.org/W2898108869","https://openalex.org/W2899357412","https://openalex.org/W2902385229","https://openalex.org/W2903616169","https://openalex.org/W2903753990","https://openalex.org/W2903981815","https://openalex.org/W2906598309","https://openalex.org/W2907921938","https://openalex.org/W2907953784","https://openalex.org/W2908634071","https://openalex.org/W2912467446","https://openalex.org/W2913164543","https://openalex.org/W2914188523","https://openalex.org/W2914561504","https://openalex.org/W2921445803","https://openalex.org/W2922119614","https://openalex.org/W2922529414","https://openalex.org/W2923222014","https://openalex.org/W2925628724","https://openalex.org/W2942921011","https://openalex.org/W2946193441","https://openalex.org/W2951147003","https://openalex.org/W2955572207","https://openalex.org/W2956128483","https://openalex.org/W2962964670","https://openalex.org/W2962991497","https://openalex.org/W2963812384","https://openalex.org/W2964197040","https://openalex.org/W2964447030","https://openalex.org/W2965285483","https://openalex.org/W2968869059","https://openalex.org/W2970077368","https://openalex.org/W2970570571","https://openalex.org/W2970948976","https://openalex.org/W2971261852","https://openalex.org/W2972323346","https://openalex.org/W2973028852","https://openalex.org/W2974020746","https://openalex.org/W2976910734","https://openalex.org/W2977317816","https://openalex.org/W2979369140","https://openalex.org/W2979448047","https://openalex.org/W2979978668","https://openalex.org/W2980562829","https://openalex.org/W2989331216","https://openalex.org/W2991128823","https://openalex.org/W2991159948","https://openalex.org/W2991617770","https://openalex.org/W2991646539","https://openalex.org/W2996610266","https://openalex.org/W2996726578","https://openalex.org/W2996813408","https://openalex.org/W2998725231","https://openalex.org/W3000729534","https://openalex.org/W3001576933","https://openalex.org/W3003712095","https://openalex.org/W3004315197","https://openalex.org/W3007983468","https://openalex.org/W3008511526","https://openalex.org/W3015711501","https://openalex.org/W3016210942","https://openalex.org/W3016815538","https://openalex.org/W3017061953","https://openalex.org/W3022590102","https://openalex.org/W3024700212","https://openalex.org/W3026041860","https://openalex.org/W3027589481","https://openalex.org/W3034596777","https://openalex.org/W3036649558","https://openalex.org/W3037441736","https://openalex.org/W3048775920","https://openalex.org/W3081777513","https://openalex.org/W3094285888","https://openalex.org/W3094288914","https://openalex.org/W3094401630","https://openalex.org/W3103430593","https://openalex.org/W3108026406","https://openalex.org/W3177576265","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W6728718764","https://openalex.org/W6780279927","https://openalex.org/W6782631286","https://openalex.org/W6797802398"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385343797","https://openalex.org/W2518703924","https://openalex.org/W2383435403","https://openalex.org/W2378481139","https://openalex.org/W2524312265","https://openalex.org/W2348317328","https://openalex.org/W2240974977","https://openalex.org/W3121454543","https://openalex.org/W1012893270","https://openalex.org/W3093216143"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,103],"recent":[1,184],"years,":[2],"power":[3,44,73],"systems":[4],"have":[5,96],"undergone":[6],"changes":[7],"in":[8,19,75,157,176,210],"technology":[9],"and":[10,23,77,110,142,166,183,201,221,223],"definition":[11],"of":[12,39,114,139,160,178,181,212,215,219],"the":[13,17,33,43,67,78,82,112,118,124,140,158,167,171,206],"associated":[14,168],"stakeholders.":[15],"With":[16],"increase":[18],"distributed":[20],"renewable":[21],"generation":[22],"small-":[24],"to":[25,29,51,65,81,86,105,130,136,163,204],"medium-sized":[26],"consumers":[27],"starting":[28],"actively":[30],"participate":[31],"on":[32,148,186],"supply":[34],"side,":[35],"a":[36,146,179,191,196],"suitable":[37],"incorporation":[38],"decentralized":[40],"agents":[41],"into":[42],"system":[45],"is":[46,55,133,155,174],"required.":[47],"A":[48],"promising":[49],"scheme":[50],"support":[52],"this":[53,107,193],"shift":[54],"given":[56],"by":[57],"local":[58,91,115,187,227],"electricity":[59,92,116,188,228],"markets.":[60,189,229],"These":[61],"provide":[62],"an":[63,137,161],"opportunity":[64],"extend":[66],"liberal":[68],"wholesale":[69],"markets":[70,128,220],"for":[71,198],"electrical":[72],"found":[74],"Europe":[76],"United":[79],"States":[80],"communal":[83],"level.":[84],"Compared":[85],"these":[87,127,149],"more":[88],"established":[89],"markets,":[90,93,117],"however,":[94],"neither":[95],"few":[97],"practical":[98,143,172],"implementations":[99],"nor":[100],"standardized":[101],"frameworks.":[102],"order":[104],"fill":[106],"research":[108,200],"gap":[109],"classify":[111],"types":[113],"presented":[119,208],"paper":[120,194],"therefore":[121],"starts":[122],"with":[123,145],"challenges":[125,209],"that":[126],"attempt":[129],"solve.":[131],"This":[132],"then":[134],"extended":[135],"analysis":[138],"theoretical":[141,153],"background":[144,154,173],"focus":[147],"derived":[150],"challenges.":[151],"The":[152],"provided":[156,175],"form":[159,177],"introduction":[162],"state-of-the-art":[164],"models":[165],"literature,":[169],"whereas":[170],"summary":[180],"ongoing":[182],"projects":[185,202],"As":[190],"result,":[192],"presents":[195],"foundation":[197],"future":[199],"attempting":[203],"approach":[205],"here":[207],"distribution":[211],"generation,":[213],"integration":[214],"demand":[216],"response,":[217],"decentralization":[218],"legal":[222],"social":[224],"issues":[225],"via":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}