{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3141434348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071228","title":"Wi-Fi Based User Identification Using In-Air Handwritten Signature","display_name":"Wi-Fi Based User Identification Using In-Air Handwritten Signature","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3141434348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071228","mag":"3141434348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3071228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071228","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09395433.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09395433.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066232134","display_name":"Junsik Jung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junsik Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069701221","display_name":"Han-Cheol Moon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han-Cheol Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447377","display_name":"Joo-Young Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1099-1496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jooyoung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100454693","display_name":"Donghyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1960-0527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1960-0527","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018473729","display_name":"Kar\u2010Ann Toh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3736-003X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kar-Ann Toh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3736-003X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066232134"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9152,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73443515,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"53548","last_page":"53565"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8271636962890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.542323648929596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5217645764350891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5006074905395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.4991416931152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.42894574999809265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4156588912010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3457062244415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10025012493133545}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8271636962890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.542323648929596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5217645764350891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5006074905395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4991416931152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42894574999809265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4156588912010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3457062244415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10025012493133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3071228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071228","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09395433.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:70f5b9059c8649638da4cf36f4ad1f73","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/70f5b9059c8649638da4cf36f4ad1f73","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 53548-53565 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/153537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3071228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3071228","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09395433.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4230043394","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1A4A1025958","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8902211903","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2019R1A4A1025958","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321314","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3141434348.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3141434348.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W73008636","https://openalex.org/W191126620","https://openalex.org/W1501222259","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1978855168","https://openalex.org/W1980040668","https://openalex.org/W2034364788","https://openalex.org/W2056284235","https://openalex.org/W2061272711","https://openalex.org/W2062672786","https://openalex.org/W2078136378","https://openalex.org/W2085536277","https://openalex.org/W2089695767","https://openalex.org/W2094214226","https://openalex.org/W2100697818","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2111072639","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2113640817","https://openalex.org/W2116873850","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2133457703","https://openalex.org/W2136461127","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2152395371","https://openalex.org/W2159577413","https://openalex.org/W2160149758","https://openalex.org/W2161381512","https://openalex.org/W2206453907","https://openalex.org/W2253429366","https://openalex.org/W2265356345","https://openalex.org/W2280957996","https://openalex.org/W2338892592","https://openalex.org/W2340862004","https://openalex.org/W2341614611","https://openalex.org/W2344494366","https://openalex.org/W2395579298","https://openalex.org/W2470456807","https://openalex.org/W2508522990","https://openalex.org/W2523246573","https://openalex.org/W2533323814","https://openalex.org/W2554344019","https://openalex.org/W2592884824","https://openalex.org/W2594639291","https://openalex.org/W2784024189","https://openalex.org/W2799148064","https://openalex.org/W2803803234","https://openalex.org/W2886140079","https://openalex.org/W2887280559","https://openalex.org/W2890965909","https://openalex.org/W2896521573","https://openalex.org/W2897502731","https://openalex.org/W2898289271","https://openalex.org/W2901018262","https://openalex.org/W2901367544","https://openalex.org/W2902960926","https://openalex.org/W2911424601","https://openalex.org/W2913500645","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2966043835","https://openalex.org/W2969645632","https://openalex.org/W2970079217","https://openalex.org/W2970344707","https://openalex.org/W2972070654","https://openalex.org/W3005347330","https://openalex.org/W4214585779","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298131378","https://openalex.org/W4322614787","https://openalex.org/W6603071982","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6727249380","https://openalex.org/W6754002923","https://openalex.org/W6756114342","https://openalex.org/W6756481679"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1671124163","https://openalex.org/W2168674042","https://openalex.org/W2535275505","https://openalex.org/W3030774134","https://openalex.org/W2104499293","https://openalex.org/W2102771100","https://openalex.org/W2898732673","https://openalex.org/W2082057679","https://openalex.org/W223898368","https://openalex.org/W2367459486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"conducts":[2],"a":[3,77,105],"feasibility":[4],"study":[5],"regarding":[6],"the":[7,10,39,49,64,67,74,86,119,129],"use":[8],"of":[9,52,66],"Wi-Fi":[11,53,69],"channel":[12],"state":[13],"information":[14],"for":[15,26,34,42,55,118,128],"user":[16],"recognition":[17,28],"based":[18],"on":[19,48],"in-air":[20],"handwritten":[21],"signatures.":[22],"A":[23,109],"novel":[24],"system":[25,46],"identity":[27],"is":[29],"thus":[30],"proposed":[31,130],"to":[32,73,83,97],"observe":[33],"distinctive":[35],"signal":[36,56],"distortions":[37],"along":[38],"propagation":[40],"path":[41],"different":[43],"users.":[44],"The":[45],"capitalizes":[47],"vast":[50],"availability":[51],"signals":[54,70,99],"analysis":[57],"without":[58],"needing":[59],"additional":[60],"hardware":[61],"infra-structure.":[62],"Since":[63],"patterns":[65],"raw":[68],"are":[71,95],"sensitive":[72],"signer's":[75],"location,":[76],"transfer":[78],"learning":[79],"has":[80,115],"been":[81,116],"adopted":[82,117],"cope":[84],"with":[85],"positional":[87],"variation.":[88],"Specifically,":[89],"features":[90],"trained":[91],"at":[92,101],"one":[93],"position":[94,103],"transferred":[96],"classify":[98],"collected":[100],"another":[102],"via":[104],"single":[106,120],"shot":[107,121],"retraining.":[108,122],"kernel":[110],"and":[111],"range":[112],"space":[113],"projection":[114],"Our":[123],"experiments":[124],"show":[125],"encouraging":[126],"results":[127],"system.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}