{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3136851299","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3067497","title":"Intermittent Earth Fault Passage Indication in Compensated Distribution Networks","display_name":"Intermittent Earth Fault Passage Indication in Compensated Distribution Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3136851299","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3067497","mag":"3136851299"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3067497","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3067497","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09381848.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09381848.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074200959","display_name":"Amir Farughian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9448-4541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","display_name":"University of Vaasa","ror":"https://ror.org/03769b225","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amir Farughian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9448-4541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042092506","display_name":"Lauri Kumpulainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-1022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","display_name":"University of Vaasa","ror":"https://ror.org/03769b225","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lauri Kumpulainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-1022","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066292801","display_name":"Kimmo Kauhaniemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-3171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","display_name":"University of Vaasa","ror":"https://ror.org/03769b225","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimmo Kauhaniemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-3171","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017343823","display_name":"Petri Hovila","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125890","display_name":"ABB (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/03faeab35","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125890","https://openalex.org/I885143765"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petri Hovila","raw_affiliation_strings":["ABB Oy, Vaasa, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ABB Oy, Vaasa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125890"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074200959"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9714,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74335624,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"45356","last_page":"45366"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12737","display_name":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.709629476070404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6148265600204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.5770280361175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-indicator","display_name":"Fault indicator","score":0.5172598958015442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4275358319282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.41969674825668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.38354232907295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.34156256914138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.32087451219558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2727346420288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.2248227298259735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1844690442085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.13855209946632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.07918381690979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07807207107543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.07174456119537354}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.709629476070404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6148265600204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5770280361175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21267803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438159","display_name":"Fault indicator","level":4,"score":0.5172598958015442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4275358319282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.41969674825668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.38354232907295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.34156256914138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.32087451219558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2727346420288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.2248227298259735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1844690442085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.13855209946632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.07918381690979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07807207107543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.07174456119537354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3067497","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3067497","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09381848.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:be253a4379924bc0bb37394795132695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/be253a4379924bc0bb37394795132695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 45356-45366 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osuva.uwasa.fi:10024/12303","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://osuva.uwasa.fi/handle/10024/12303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400974","display_name":"Osuva (University of Vaasa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","host_organization_name":"University of Vaasa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3067497","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3067497","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09381848.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G70506580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A73094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3136851299.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3136851299.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W251243703","https://openalex.org/W2029385026","https://openalex.org/W2053889299","https://openalex.org/W2071357184","https://openalex.org/W2081333073","https://openalex.org/W2100380614","https://openalex.org/W2165942205","https://openalex.org/W2320686920","https://openalex.org/W2372889318","https://openalex.org/W2399320684","https://openalex.org/W2468703539","https://openalex.org/W2754613553","https://openalex.org/W2768370531","https://openalex.org/W2769204531","https://openalex.org/W2769995233","https://openalex.org/W2878096057","https://openalex.org/W2975757131","https://openalex.org/W2995463477","https://openalex.org/W6908831719","https://openalex.org/W6946554253"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2575775159","https://openalex.org/W2517701025","https://openalex.org/W2026330267","https://openalex.org/W4311537696","https://openalex.org/W2050630979","https://openalex.org/W2386166483","https://openalex.org/W2620568181","https://openalex.org/W2387459476","https://openalex.org/W3015409655","https://openalex.org/W2350226881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"intermittent":[1,76,120],"or":[2],"restriking":[3],"earth":[4,11,77,121],"fault":[5,12,38,57,130],"is":[6,14,46,97,115,132,147],"a":[7,47,51,69,137],"special":[8],"type":[9,32],"of":[10,24,33,68,136,155],"that":[13],"common":[15],"mostly":[16],"in":[17,112,123,133],"compensated":[18],"cable":[19,124],"networks.":[20],"A":[21,153],"great":[22],"deal":[23],"effort":[25],"has":[26,39,104],"gone":[27],"into":[28],"protection":[29],"against":[30],"this":[31,37,56,64],"fault.":[34],"However,":[35],"locating":[36,55,74],"not":[40],"received":[41],"much":[42],"attention.":[43],"Therefore,":[44],"there":[45],"need":[48],"to":[49,58,107,149],"have":[50],"reliable":[52],"method":[53,71,86,103],"for":[54,73,118],"repair":[59],"the":[60,66,101,105,128,134,151,163],"damaged":[61],"cable.":[62],"In":[63],"paper,":[65],"principles":[67],"new":[70],"developed":[72],"transient":[75],"faults":[78,122],"on":[79],"distribution":[80,125],"networks":[81,126],"are":[82],"presented.":[83],"The":[84],"proposed":[85,102,164],"employs":[87],"negative":[88],"and":[89,93],"zero":[90],"sequence":[91],"currents,":[92],"no":[94],"voltage":[95],"measurement":[96],"required,":[98],"which":[99],"means":[100],"potential":[106],"reduce":[108],"cost":[109],"when":[110],"implemented":[111],"practice.":[113],"It":[114],"intended":[116],"mainly":[117],"typical":[119,129],"where":[127],"resistance":[131],"range":[135],"few":[138],"ohms.":[139],"Real":[140],"data":[141],"obtained":[142,158],"from":[143,159],"practical":[144],"field":[145,160],"tests":[146,161],"used":[148],"explain":[150],"phenomenon.":[152],"series":[154],"disturbance":[156],"recordings":[157],"validate":[162],"method.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
