{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135021414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063292","title":"A Scale Normalized Generalized LoG Detector Approach for Retinal Vessel Segmentation","display_name":"A Scale Normalized Generalized LoG Detector Approach for Retinal Vessel Segmentation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135021414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063292","mag":"3135021414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3063292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063292","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09367170.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09367170.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070815655","display_name":"Mohammad A. U. Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-3986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802902501","display_name":"Namal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zcxra43","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802902501"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad A. U. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Namal Institute Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan","Namal Institute Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Namal Institute Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802902501"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Namal Institute Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802902501"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Faizan Daud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faizan Daud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science Engineering & Built Environment, School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science Engineering & Built Environment, School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060180938","display_name":"Awais Akram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-2510"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Awais Akram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Primary and Secondary Healthcare, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Primary and Secondary Healthcare, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086213066","display_name":"Rizwan Ali Naqvi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7473-8441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rizwan Ali Naqvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Unmanned Vehicle Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7473-8441","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Unmanned Vehicle Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000036345","display_name":"Mehwish Mehmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3985-8699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehwish Mehmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan","COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3985-8699","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018600925","display_name":"Dildar Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-6284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125608817","display_name":"Korea Institute for Advanced Study","ror":"https://ror.org/041hz9568","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125608817"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dildar Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-6284","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125608817"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008967203","display_name":"Toufique Ahmed Soomro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8560-0026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65146876","display_name":"Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01t34b131","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65146876"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toufique Ahmed Soomro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Larkana, Pakistan","Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Larkana, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8560-0026","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Larkana, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65146876"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Larkana, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65146876"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.394,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80229394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"44442","last_page":"44452"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blob-detection","display_name":"Blob detection","score":0.7936751246452332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6941789388656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6680927872657776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6638466715812683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.660409152507782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.568244993686676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5448557734489441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4966805577278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.45130455493927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4412890076637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4178253412246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36942416429519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-detection","display_name":"Edge detection","score":0.3603046238422394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.2956610918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15650567412376404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06579002737998962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29168087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026711","display_name":"Blob detection","level":5,"score":0.7936751246452332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6941789388656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6680927872657776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6638466715812683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.660409152507782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.568244993686676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5448557734489441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4966805577278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.45130455493927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4412890076637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4178253412246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36942416429519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.3603046238422394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.2956610918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15650567412376404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06579002737998962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3063292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063292","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09367170.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/2d9e1f36-67c2-4370-8da9-bb26ae06ae10","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/en/publications/2d9e1f36-67c2-4370-8da9-bb26ae06ae10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055442","display_name":"Charles Sturt University Research Output (CRO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Khan, M A U, Daud, F, Akram, A, Naqvi, R A, Mehmood, M, Hussain, D & Soomro, T 2021, 'A scale normalized generalized LoG detector approach for retinal vessel segmentation', IEEE Access, vol. 9, 9367170, pp. 44442-44452. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3063292","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:95120a6ffdab483699605c2a041102e3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/95120a6ffdab483699605c2a041102e3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 44442-44452 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3063292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063292","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09367170.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4707595755","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CG076601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308316","funder_display_name":"Institute for Advanced Study"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308316","display_name":"Institute for Advanced Study","ror":"https://ror.org/00f809463"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321287","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135021414.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135021414.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W176040770","https://openalex.org/W1495971627","https://openalex.org/W1968548131","https://openalex.org/W1969962244","https://openalex.org/W1970269179","https://openalex.org/W1974954013","https://openalex.org/W1987236632","https://openalex.org/W2037776979","https://openalex.org/W2047799558","https://openalex.org/W2059736916","https://openalex.org/W2070351799","https://openalex.org/W2079605566","https://openalex.org/W2088879125","https://openalex.org/W2101632303","https://openalex.org/W2105685332","https://openalex.org/W2109037308","https://openalex.org/W2109200236","https://openalex.org/W2115680416","https://openalex.org/W2119399382","https://openalex.org/W2119927029","https://openalex.org/W2121913681","https://openalex.org/W2126899470","https://openalex.org/W2128010288","https://openalex.org/W2128379395","https://openalex.org/W2145305441","https://openalex.org/W2150769593","https://openalex.org/W2152039040","https://openalex.org/W2156846363","https://openalex.org/W2166524747","https://openalex.org/W2172188317","https://openalex.org/W2331695870","https://openalex.org/W2404019942","https://openalex.org/W2488605601","https://openalex.org/W2564596280","https://openalex.org/W2565139801","https://openalex.org/W2568855851","https://openalex.org/W2617945389","https://openalex.org/W2622875757","https://openalex.org/W2762941258","https://openalex.org/W2779400480","https://openalex.org/W2788906943","https://openalex.org/W2792348955","https://openalex.org/W2792419849","https://openalex.org/W2794329395","https://openalex.org/W2801565726","https://openalex.org/W2802388893","https://openalex.org/W2809144587","https://openalex.org/W2896336032","https://openalex.org/W2901615768","https://openalex.org/W2902366411","https://openalex.org/W2911025038","https://openalex.org/W2911264823","https://openalex.org/W2918369581","https://openalex.org/W2923644550","https://openalex.org/W2940427983","https://openalex.org/W2952916216","https://openalex.org/W2982297179","https://openalex.org/W2984146701","https://openalex.org/W2986274801","https://openalex.org/W2998652832","https://openalex.org/W3008700480","https://openalex.org/W3023719716","https://openalex.org/W3029875532","https://openalex.org/W3090085905","https://openalex.org/W3090220040","https://openalex.org/W3091392488","https://openalex.org/W3104175476","https://openalex.org/W3106887093","https://openalex.org/W3118610157","https://openalex.org/W3132016183","https://openalex.org/W3149466098","https://openalex.org/W3153025617","https://openalex.org/W4254505237","https://openalex.org/W4294226146","https://openalex.org/W6793846494"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2544468271","https://openalex.org/W286523740","https://openalex.org/W1522196789","https://openalex.org/W3195139971","https://openalex.org/W2132464954","https://openalex.org/W4281937456","https://openalex.org/W2079299034","https://openalex.org/W2349914844","https://openalex.org/W4283806690","https://openalex.org/W2243393510"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Retinal":[0],"vessel":[1,44],"segmentation":[2,12,21,45,49],"is":[3,16,58],"important":[4],"for":[5,63,67,100,127,146,213],"analyzing":[6],"many":[7],"retinal":[8,33,43,174],"diseases,":[9],"where":[10],"manual":[11],"of":[13,22,31,54,93,158,176,189,191,221,225,230,237,241,246,251,255,260],"these":[14,23,32],"vessels":[15,24,171],"an":[17,228],"extensive":[18],"job.":[19],"Automatic":[20],"can":[25,82,113],"help":[26],"much":[27],"in":[28,48,85,90,104,172],"the":[29,42,75,79,91,147,192,195,200,233],"diagnosis":[30],"diseases.":[34],"Several":[35],"image":[36],"processing":[37],"schemes":[38],"that":[39],"are":[40,46,98,184,197,211],"considering":[41],"lacking":[47],"performance":[50,123,214],"and":[51,194,208,216,227,243,248,257],"robustness.":[52],"Laplacian":[53,72],"Gaussian":[55,88],"(LoG)":[56],"detectors":[57,97,155],"a":[59,177,187,219,223,239,244,249,253,258],"popular":[60,153],"choice":[61],"method":[62],"edge":[64],"detection":[65,103],"adapted":[66],"detecting":[68],"circular":[69],"blob":[70,119,141],"detection.":[71,120,142],"kernel":[73],"approximates":[74],"second-order":[76,148],"derivative":[77],"to":[78,137,169],"image,":[80],"which":[81],"be":[83,114],"effective":[84],"combination":[86],"with":[87,139,151,186],"smoothing":[89],"form":[92],"LoG.":[94],"The":[95,161,181,206],"LoG":[96,132],"famous":[99],"good":[101],"border":[102],"noisy":[105],"images.":[106],"Based":[107],"on":[108,199,232,262],"their":[109,111,122],"parameter,":[110],"behavior":[112],"switched":[115],"between":[116],"ridge":[117,149,154,163],"or":[118],"However,":[121],"generally":[124],"falls":[125],"off":[126],"elliptical":[128,140],"blobs.":[129],"A":[130],"generalized":[131],"detector":[133,150,164],"was":[134],"proposed":[135,162],"recently":[136],"deal":[138],"Comparing":[143],"simulation":[144],"studies":[145],"other":[152],"provides":[156],"evidence":[157],"its":[159],"effectiveness.":[160],"shows":[165],"promise":[166],"when":[167],"applied":[168],"detect":[170],"real-world":[173],"images":[175],"publicly":[178],"available":[179],"database.":[180],"method's":[182],"capabilities":[183],"evaluated":[185],"comparison":[188],"state":[190],"art,":[193],"performances":[196],"obtained":[198],"database":[201],"most":[202],"used":[203,212],"by":[204],"researchers.":[205],"DRIVE,STARE":[207],"CHASE_DB1":[209],"databases":[210],"evaluation,":[215],"we":[217],"achieved":[218],"sensitivity":[220,236,250],"0.785,":[222],"specificity":[224,240,254],"0.967":[226],"accuracy":[229],"0.952":[231,261],"DRIVE":[234],"database,a":[235],"0.788,":[238],"0.966":[242],"precision":[245,259],"0.951":[247],"0.787,":[252],"0.968":[256],"CHASE_DB1.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-21T08:15:58.654021","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
