{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135723415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063028","title":"Vision-Based Human Detection Techniques: A Descriptive Review","display_name":"Vision-Based Human Detection Techniques: A Descriptive Review","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135723415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063028","mag":"3135723415"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3063028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063028","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09366497.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09366497.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045965726","display_name":"Shahriar Shakir Sumit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-9214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203899302","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas","ror":"https://ror.org/048g2sh07","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shahriar Shakir Sumit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110578419","display_name":"Dayang Rohaya Awang Rambli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203899302","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas","ror":"https://ror.org/048g2sh07","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dayang Rohaya Awang Rambli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091500375","display_name":"Seyedali Mirjalili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1443-9458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142395","display_name":"Torrens University Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/0351xae06","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142395"]}],"countries":["AU","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyedali Mirjalili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization, Torrens University Australia, Fortitude Valley, QLD, Australia","Yonsei Frontier Laboratory, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization, Torrens University Australia, Fortitude Valley, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142395"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei Frontier Laboratory, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045965726"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.8427,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87188302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"42724","last_page":"42761"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8252297639846802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-invariant-feature-transform","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","score":0.7930241823196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7777903079986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5816045999526978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5439496040344238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5294358730316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-detection","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","score":0.49088436365127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4738723933696747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47029396891593933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.45065826177597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.4295289218425751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32275110483169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2633700966835022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8252297639846802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61265191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767770","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","level":3,"score":0.7930241823196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7777903079986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5816045999526978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5439496040344238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5294358730316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355550","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","level":3,"score":0.49088436365127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4738723933696747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47029396891593933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.45065826177597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.4295289218425751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32275110483169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2633700966835022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3063028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063028","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09366497.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:458656e0a1bc44d38248a9ac8ed750c2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/458656e0a1bc44d38248a9ac8ed750c2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 42724-42761 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/30144454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-repository.griffith.edu.au:10072/403488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/403488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402548","display_name":"Griffith Research Online (Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","host_organization_name":"Griffith University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3063028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3063028","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09366497.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5875460545","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"015LCO-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329394","funder_display_name":"Yayasan UTP"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329394","display_name":"Yayasan UTP","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135723415.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135723415.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":360,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150942711","https://openalex.org/W157648163","https://openalex.org/W166750225","https://openalex.org/W593332322","https://openalex.org/W855464613","https://openalex.org/W974261621","https://openalex.org/W1244770280","https://openalex.org/W1500940900","https://openalex.org/W1533151499","https://openalex.org/W1533224953","https://openalex.org/W1536943225","https://openalex.org/W1560380655","https://openalex.org/W1561771295","https://openalex.org/W1564947197","https://openalex.org/W1592137027","https://openalex.org/W1593286969","https://openalex.org/W1598333443","https://openalex.org/W1603728330","https://openalex.org/W1608462934","https://openalex.org/W1650122911","https://openalex.org/W1677409904","https://openalex.org/W1705975472","https://openalex.org/W1771614294","https://openalex.org/W1797268635","https://openalex.org/W1805262550","https://openalex.org/W1833143043","https://openalex.org/W1841820628","https://openalex.org/W1856307959","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1885921277","https://openalex.org/W1891594380","https://openalex.org/W1895408303","https://openalex.org/W1901041506","https://openalex.org/W1910108985","https://openalex.org/W1932979330","https://openalex.org/W1950935069","https://openalex.org/W1964428975","https://openalex.org/W1968933322","https://openalex.org/W1972939083","https://openalex.org/W1976168687","https://openalex.org/W1978232622","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W1983974980","https://openalex.org/W1986560378","https://openalex.org/W1987622870","https://openalex.org/W1988718252","https://openalex.org/W1988898599","https://openalex.org/W1989684337","https://openalex.org/W1990810177","https://openalex.org/W1992825118","https://openalex.org/W1994529670","https://openalex.org/W1994930030","https://openalex.org/W1995186215","https://openalex.org/W1997636765","https://openalex.org/W1997660022","https://openalex.org/W1998242976","https://openalex.org/W1999853363","https://openalex.org/W2001576130","https://openalex.org/W2002496181","https://openalex.org/W2003220250","https://openalex.org/W2005049057","https://openalex.org/W2013237155","https://openalex.org/W2013996424","https://openalex.org/W2015034296","https://openalex.org/W2016434776","https://openalex.org/W2016858588","https://openalex.org/W2017389413","https://openalex.org/W2021783512","https://openalex.org/W2025112904","https://openalex.org/W2027922120","https://openalex.org/W2029230120","https://openalex.org/W2031454541","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2035247500","https://openalex.org/W2036718463","https://openalex.org/W2037995333","https://openalex.org/W2038383195","https://openalex.org/W2038735287","https://openalex.org/W2039149691","https://openalex.org/W2039471474","https://openalex.org/W2040054343","https://openalex.org/W2040367372","https://openalex.org/W2042322506","https://openalex.org/W2045499275","https://openalex.org/W2047508432","https://openalex.org/W2047914815","https://openalex.org/W2048813074","https://openalex.org/W2049141944","https://openalex.org/W2051914040","https://openalex.org/W2055079622","https://openalex.org/W2056025798","https://openalex.org/W2057074619","https://openalex.org/W2062983704","https://openalex.org/W2067975778","https://openalex.org/W2071300943","https://openalex.org/W2074777933","https://openalex.org/W2076068958","https://openalex.org/W2077513643","https://openalex.org/W2079023123","https://openalex.org/W2079046404","https://openalex.org/W2079624250","https://openalex.org/W2081021369","https://openalex.org/W2081655032","https://openalex.org/W2087475313","https://openalex.org/W2087963033","https://openalex.org/W2090110089","https://openalex.org/W2090124342","https://openalex.org/W2097018403","https://openalex.org/W2097088864","https://openalex.org/W2097324787","https://openalex.org/W2098337454","https://openalex.org/W2098452742","https://openalex.org/W2098699644","https://openalex.org/W2100716893","https://openalex.org/W2101415982","https://openalex.org/W2102238397","https://openalex.org/W2104170135","https://openalex.org/W2105454788","https://openalex.org/W2105958932","https://openalex.org/W2106996050","https://openalex.org/W2107034620","https://openalex.org/W2107775979","https://openalex.org/W2109579504","https://openalex.org/W2109609054","https://openalex.org/W2110379134","https://openalex.org/W2111025459","https://openalex.org/W2111247758","https://openalex.org/W2112108686","https://openalex.org/W2117203466","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2118061983","https://openalex.org/W2118087936","https://openalex.org/W2119350939","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2120419212","https://openalex.org/W2121208067","https://openalex.org/W2121955477","https://openalex.org/W2121971770","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2124041826","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2125556102","https://openalex.org/W2125896931","https://openalex.org/W2127420331","https://openalex.org/W2128154306","https://openalex.org/W2130093497","https://openalex.org/W2130751540","https://openalex.org/W2132054709","https://openalex.org/W2133490238","https://openalex.org/W2133775549","https://openalex.org/W2134380836","https://openalex.org/W2136724559","https://openalex.org/W2138302688","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2139479830","https://openalex.org/W2140766353","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2145072179","https://openalex.org/W2147794767","https://openalex.org/W2149706766","https://openalex.org/W2150000644","https://openalex.org/W2150266240","https://openalex.org/W2150385913","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2152449524","https://openalex.org/W2153185908","https://openalex.org/W2154740476","https://openalex.org/W2154952031","https://openalex.org/W2155351433","https://openalex.org/W2156392723","https://openalex.org/W2157014597","https://openalex.org/W2157060558","https://openalex.org/W2159386181","https://openalex.org/W2160872656","https://openalex.org/W2161874168","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162670331","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2162977486","https://openalex.org/W2163612318","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2164760349","https://openalex.org/W2167460663","https://openalex.org/W2168267199","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2169177311","https://openalex.org/W2169671170","https://openalex.org/W2177274842","https://openalex.org/W2182023692","https://openalex.org/W2182151896","https://openalex.org/W2182770903","https://openalex.org/W2184544926","https://openalex.org/W2185062137","https://openalex.org/W2185119089","https://openalex.org/W2191835017","https://openalex.org/W2195342085","https://openalex.org/W2199810579","https://openalex.org/W2210900744","https://openalex.org/W2225382942","https://openalex.org/W2227255374","https://openalex.org/W2228527366","https://openalex.org/W2235916736","https://openalex.org/W2245893443","https://openalex.org/W2247274765","https://openalex.org/W2274865900","https://openalex.org/W2293527364","https://openalex.org/W2294238592","https://openalex.org/W2295091964","https://openalex.org/W2295474072","https://openalex.org/W2303050940","https://openalex.org/W2308318555","https://openalex.org/W2316303256","https://openalex.org/W2340862004","https://openalex.org/W2343454598","https://openalex.org/W2355294814","https://openalex.org/W2361187101","https://openalex.org/W2404851027","https://openalex.org/W2411544526","https://openalex.org/W2423495701","https://openalex.org/W2424137412","https://openalex.org/W2428342532","https://openalex.org/W2464754550","https://openalex.org/W2503462743","https://openalex.org/W2510352715","https://openalex.org/W2510855144","https://openalex.org/W2515603221","https://openalex.org/W2526711902","https://openalex.org/W2529246705","https://openalex.org/W2534262995","https://openalex.org/W2535410496","https://openalex.org/W2547123584","https://openalex.org/W2548197316","https://openalex.org/W2560176777","https://openalex.org/W2562091571","https://openalex.org/W2573106815","https://openalex.org/W2583510596","https://openalex.org/W2588125578","https://openalex.org/W2594507094","https://openalex.org/W2600029986","https://openalex.org/W2604509296","https://openalex.org/W2606436201","https://openalex.org/W2608971679","https://openalex.org/W2609891297","https://openalex.org/W2611562434","https://openalex.org/W2612158506","https://openalex.org/W2613599172","https://openalex.org/W2623595444","https://openalex.org/W2626215633","https://openalex.org/W2756233686","https://openalex.org/W2756838982","https://openalex.org/W2759000117","https://openalex.org/W2765797898","https://openalex.org/W2765992395","https://openalex.org/W2766708151","https://openalex.org/W2770263613","https://openalex.org/W2770265759","https://openalex.org/W2772635292","https://openalex.org/W2772978710","https://openalex.org/W2773382502","https://openalex.org/W2785413052","https://openalex.org/W2787590349","https://openalex.org/W2789294176","https://openalex.org/W2790014237","https://openalex.org/W2790047175","https://openalex.org/W2791268924","https://openalex.org/W2791697444","https://openalex.org/W2792824754","https://openalex.org/W2793254521","https://openalex.org/W2793479847","https://openalex.org/W2794143688","https://openalex.org/W2795342689","https://openalex.org/W2797301041","https://openalex.org/W2798429327","https://openalex.org/W2798590501","https://openalex.org/W2798794112","https://openalex.org/W2800354041","https://openalex.org/W2803740064","https://openalex.org/W2889026460","https://openalex.org/W2889041463","https://openalex.org/W2894820835","https://openalex.org/W2898006622","https://openalex.org/W2900566859","https://openalex.org/W2912314656","https://openalex.org/W2912406707","https://openalex.org/W2913509373","https://openalex.org/W2914331897","https://openalex.org/W2917819557","https://openalex.org/W2952166470","https://openalex.org/W2953684117","https://openalex.org/W2956268511","https://openalex.org/W2962691289","https://openalex.org/W2962850098","https://openalex.org/W2963315052","https://openalex.org/W2963357069","https://openalex.org/W2963402313","https://openalex.org/W2963404857","https://openalex.org/W2963631961","https://openalex.org/W2963805953","https://openalex.org/W2963901085","https://openalex.org/W2969808173","https://openalex.org/W2973940174","https://openalex.org/W2977110666","https://openalex.org/W2977800506","https://openalex.org/W2981669902","https://openalex.org/W2989809125","https://openalex.org/W2996737117","https://openalex.org/W3000491742","https://openalex.org/W3007917914","https://openalex.org/W3009266591","https://openalex.org/W3010131837","https://openalex.org/W3010921212","https://openalex.org/W3021895194","https://openalex.org/W3025631553","https://openalex.org/W3032688588","https://openalex.org/W3034904215","https://openalex.org/W3035132309","https://openalex.org/W3035832455","https://openalex.org/W3048473530","https://openalex.org/W3068613985","https://openalex.org/W3087706302","https://openalex.org/W3094373343","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W3100261076","https://openalex.org/W3102668440","https://openalex.org/W3151123641","https://openalex.org/W4206458399","https://openalex.org/W4207036456","https://openalex.org/W4232730838","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4243970992","https://openalex.org/W4247915583","https://openalex.org/W4250533120","https://openalex.org/W6632046572","https://openalex.org/W6635299692","https://openalex.org/W6636787326","https://openalex.org/W6637230477","https://openalex.org/W6637400245","https://openalex.org/W6638319203","https://openalex.org/W6639102338","https://openalex.org/W6639890271","https://openalex.org/W6639939361","https://openalex.org/W6651670738","https://openalex.org/W6662335928","https://openalex.org/W6662774082","https://openalex.org/W6673135472","https://openalex.org/W6674642818","https://openalex.org/W6674662834","https://openalex.org/W6675679986","https://openalex.org/W6676208019","https://openalex.org/W6680666800","https://openalex.org/W6681554747","https://openalex.org/W6682360581","https://openalex.org/W6682473505","https://openalex.org/W6682717316","https://openalex.org/W6684872329","https://openalex.org/W6706311573","https://openalex.org/W6735304689","https://openalex.org/W6750126447","https://openalex.org/W7075742223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977648593","https://openalex.org/W2348780717","https://openalex.org/W2780165746","https://openalex.org/W2602033589","https://openalex.org/W4235475963","https://openalex.org/W4252030899","https://openalex.org/W2071599417","https://openalex.org/W2374077716","https://openalex.org/W1993364152","https://openalex.org/W2048716406"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cameras":[0],"are":[1,87,106,151,194,267,273],"being":[2],"used":[3],"everywhere":[4],"for":[5,40,257,283],"the":[6,60,72,80,92,118,210,277,291],"safety":[7],"and":[8,32,57,85,101,114,127,134,143,167,181,187,197,227,233,248,286,293],"security":[9],"of":[10,59,94,103,163,169,253,263,295],"citizens":[11],"in":[12,21,76,89,141],"different":[13],"countries.":[14],"Using":[15],"a":[16,22,25,29,54,63,242,250],"machine":[17],"to":[18,52,154,179,189,199,218,221,288],"detect":[19,139],"humans":[20],"photo":[23],"or":[24],"video":[26],"frame":[27],"is":[28,67,234],"very":[30],"complicated":[31],"challenging":[33],"task.":[34],"Various":[35,261],"techniques":[36,84,105,130,158],"have":[37],"been":[38,112],"developed":[39],"this":[41,77],"purpose,":[42],"which":[43,66,176],"mainly":[44],"rely":[45],"on":[46,117,240,276],"Artificial":[47],"Intelligence.":[48],"This":[49,245],"article":[50,246],"aims":[51],"provide":[53,172],"comprehensive":[55],"review":[56,204,279],"analysis":[58],"literatures":[61],"from":[62,71],"descriptive":[64],"perspective,":[65],"its":[68,219,237],"main":[69],"differentiator":[70],"existing":[73],"survey":[74],"papers":[75],"area.":[78],"Firstly,":[79],"vision-based":[81],"human":[82,120,258,264,296],"detection":[83,121,259,265,297],"classifiers":[86],"elucidated":[88],"conjunction":[90],"with":[91,223],"variants":[93],"feature":[95],"extraction":[96],"techniques.":[97],"Secondly,":[98],"various":[99,271],"pros":[100],"cons":[102],"such":[104,131,159],"discussed.":[107],"Then,":[108],"an":[109],"investigation":[110],"has":[111],"conducted":[113,278],"reported":[115],"based":[116,275],"state-of-the-art":[119],"descriptors":[122],"(e.g.":[123],"Log-Average":[124],"Miss":[125],"Rate":[126],"accuracy).":[128],"Although":[129],"as":[132,160],"Viola-Jones":[133],"Speeded-Up":[135],"Robust":[136],"Features":[137],"can":[138],"objects":[140],"real-time":[142],"overcome":[144],"Scale-Invariant":[145],"Feature":[146],"Transform":[147],"(SIFT)":[148],"limitations,":[149],"they":[150,193],"still":[152],"sensitive":[153,198],"illuminated":[155,190],"conditions.":[156],"Other":[157],"SIFT,":[161],"Bag":[162],"Words,":[164],"Orthogonal":[165],"Moments,":[166],"Histogram":[168],"oriented":[170],"Gradients":[171],"other":[173],"interesting":[174],"benefits":[175],"include":[177],"insensitivity":[178],"occlusion":[180,230],"clutters,":[182],"simplicity,":[183],"low-order":[184],"element":[185],"construction":[186],"invariance":[188],"conditions;":[191],"nevertheless,":[192],"computationally":[195],"expensive":[196],"image":[200],"rotation.":[201],"A":[202],"meticulous":[203],"along":[205],"similar":[206],"lines":[207],"revealed":[208],"that":[209],"Deformable":[211],"Part-based":[212],"Model":[213],"performs":[214],"relatively":[215],"better":[216],"due":[217],"ability":[220],"deal":[222],"particular":[224],"pose":[225],"variations":[226],"multiple":[228],"views,":[229],"handling":[231],"(partial)":[232],"application-free":[235],"while":[236],"counterparts":[238],"focus":[239],"only":[241],"single":[243],"aspect.":[244],"highlights":[247],"provides":[249],"brief":[251],"description":[252],"each":[254],"available":[255],"data-sets":[256],"research.":[260],"use-cases":[262],"systems":[266],"also":[268],"elaborated.":[269],"Finally,":[270],"conclusions":[272],"derived":[274],"followed":[280],"by":[281],"recommendations":[282],"future":[284],"directions":[285],"possibilities":[287],"further":[289],"improve":[290],"speed":[292],"accuracy":[294],"systems.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}