{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3129258755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3061696","title":"Understanding of BBRv2: Evaluation and Comparison With BBRv1 Congestion Control Algorithm","display_name":"Understanding of BBRv2: Evaluation and Comparison With BBRv1 Congestion Control Algorithm","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3129258755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3061696","mag":"3129258755"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3061696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3061696","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09361674.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09361674.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082429430","display_name":"Yeong-Jun Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeong-Jun Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-5795","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054608036","display_name":"Geon-Hwan Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2739-8939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geon-Hwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2739-8939","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037141480","display_name":"Imtiaz Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-2698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imtiaz Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-2698","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059655996","display_name":"Won\u2010Kyeong Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-4858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190731455","display_name":"Yeungjin College","ror":"https://ror.org/002ngbk13","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190731455"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Won-Kyeong Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Military Electronic Communication, Yeungjin University, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-4858","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Military Electronic Communication, Yeungjin University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190731455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089752106","display_name":"You-Ze Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9427-4229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"You-Ze Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9427-4229","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.3291,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94306174,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"37131","last_page":"37145"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8489124774932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/packet-loss","display_name":"Packet loss","score":0.7511040568351746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.7393532991409302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-congestion","display_name":"Network congestion","score":0.7087687849998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7053172588348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6138425469398499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.4853290617465973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4668980538845062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcp-westwood-plus","display_name":"TCP Westwood plus","score":0.4664081633090973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.45327603816986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-control","display_name":"Flow control (data)","score":0.44567441940307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.4303243160247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcp-friendly-rate-control","display_name":"TCP Friendly Rate Control","score":0.42762312293052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41481783986091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3685058057308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.12942537665367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10204428434371948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.07771238684654236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8489124774932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54108766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391064","display_name":"Packet loss","level":3,"score":0.7511040568351746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.7393532991409302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195563490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180368","display_name":"Network congestion","level":3,"score":0.7087687849998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7053172588348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6138425469398499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4853290617465973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4668980538845062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178127533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7669752","display_name":"TCP Westwood plus","level":5,"score":0.4664081633090973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45327603816986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186766456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612457","display_name":"Flow control (data)","level":2,"score":0.44567441940307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.4303243160247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30838235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7669749","display_name":"TCP Friendly Rate Control","level":4,"score":0.42762312293052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41481783986091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3685058057308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.12942537665367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10204428434371948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.07771238684654236}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3061696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3061696","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09361674.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ecf5704c49374a0a9bab903765173111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ecf5704c49374a0a9bab903765173111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 37131-37145 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3061696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3061696","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09361674.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1160206836","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1A2C1006249","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1577046994","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018R1A6A1A03025109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2203846861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"the BK21 FOUR","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2693902825","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G30685149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK21 FOUR","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3104508767","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311649","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4564405338","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4199990113966","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5696495962","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2019R1A2C1006249","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5768839943","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4199990113966","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311649","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/036nq5137"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3129258755.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3129258755.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W629104452","https://openalex.org/W1982421724","https://openalex.org/W2022844530","https://openalex.org/W2159559173","https://openalex.org/W2540285146","https://openalex.org/W2745739520","https://openalex.org/W2753542457","https://openalex.org/W2768913804","https://openalex.org/W2793476094","https://openalex.org/W2808749412","https://openalex.org/W2848414551","https://openalex.org/W2888459992","https://openalex.org/W2896376349","https://openalex.org/W2898137327","https://openalex.org/W2901650547","https://openalex.org/W2902461975","https://openalex.org/W2903019348","https://openalex.org/W2914442217","https://openalex.org/W2915901091","https://openalex.org/W2938674057","https://openalex.org/W2939779488","https://openalex.org/W2940580470","https://openalex.org/W2940877337","https://openalex.org/W2943687748","https://openalex.org/W2950187076","https://openalex.org/W2953302892","https://openalex.org/W2969490098","https://openalex.org/W2970317184","https://openalex.org/W2972127834","https://openalex.org/W2980438643","https://openalex.org/W2982301260","https://openalex.org/W2990113028","https://openalex.org/W2997446130","https://openalex.org/W2998268580","https://openalex.org/W2998308522","https://openalex.org/W2999681467","https://openalex.org/W3000686320","https://openalex.org/W3009299922","https://openalex.org/W3011502545","https://openalex.org/W3013295308","https://openalex.org/W3015607389","https://openalex.org/W3016989151","https://openalex.org/W3019258481","https://openalex.org/W3026213689","https://openalex.org/W3046470751","https://openalex.org/W3046654331","https://openalex.org/W3049272805","https://openalex.org/W3138562521","https://openalex.org/W4213221859","https://openalex.org/W4231918747","https://openalex.org/W4252787237","https://openalex.org/W6717319400","https://openalex.org/W6742876389","https://openalex.org/W6767633555","https://openalex.org/W6776232363","https://openalex.org/W6776246689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361487389","https://openalex.org/W2141697444","https://openalex.org/W2112075060","https://openalex.org/W2111621899","https://openalex.org/W2151170908","https://openalex.org/W2390377932","https://openalex.org/W2369230276","https://openalex.org/W4389097828","https://openalex.org/W2357989245","https://openalex.org/W2484031500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Google":[0,92],"proposed":[1],"a":[2,29,95,118,122],"bottleneck":[3],"bandwidth":[4,175],"round-trip":[5],"propagation":[6],"time":[7],"(BBR)":[8],"for":[9],"TCP":[10],"to":[11,34,53,101],"replace":[12],"the":[13,24,39,78,84,128,133,154,180,189,219,224],"loss-based":[14,25,87,198],"congestion":[15,49,226],"control":[16,43,227],"algorithms,":[17,26,88,199],"such":[18,45,70,192],"as":[19,46,71,193],"Reno":[20],"and":[21,36,51,57,89,111,121,138,156,200,217],"CUBIC.":[22],"Unlike":[23],"BBR":[27,68,116],"models":[28],"network":[30,215],"path":[31],"from":[32],"source":[33],"destination":[35],"dynamically":[37],"controls":[38],"sending":[40],"rate":[41],"using":[42],"parameters,":[44],"pacing":[47],"rate,":[48],"window,":[50],"quantum":[52],"achieve":[54],"high":[55],"throughput":[56],"low":[58],"latency.":[59],"However,":[60,185],"many":[61],"studies":[62],"have":[63],"reported":[64],"performance":[65,104,134,220],"issues":[66,135,142,191],"in":[67,75,145,158,174,213],"operation,":[69],"excessive":[72],"packet":[73,183],"loss":[74],"shallow":[76],"buffers,":[77],"unfairness":[79,85,155],"among":[80],"different":[81],"RTT":[82,194],"flows,":[83],"with":[86,197,223],"so":[90],"on.":[91],"is":[93],"developing":[94],"new":[96],"version":[97],"of":[98,115,136,182,221],"BBR,":[99],"BBRv2,":[100],"resolve":[102],"these":[103],"issues.":[105],"In":[106],"this":[107],"study,":[108],"we":[109,186],"evaluate":[110],"compare":[112],"two":[113],"versions":[114],"on":[117,126],"Mininet":[119],"emulator":[120],"physical":[123],"testbed,":[124],"focusing":[125],"whether":[127,139],"BBRv2":[129,152,167,203,222],"alpha":[130],"can":[131],"alleviate":[132],"BBRv1":[137,225],"other":[140],"novel":[141],"will":[143],"arise":[144],"BBRv2.":[146],"The":[147],"experiment":[148],"results":[149],"show":[150,171],"that":[151,188],"improves":[153],"aggressiveness":[157],"small":[159],"buffer":[160],"less":[161],"than":[162],"1":[163],"BDP.":[164],"Moreover,":[165],"multiple":[166],"flows":[168,204],"not":[169],"only":[170],"better":[172],"fairness":[173],"sharing,":[176],"but":[177],"also":[178],"reduce":[179],"amount":[181],"retransmissions.":[184],"observed":[187],"challenging":[190],"unfairness,":[195],"coexistence":[196],"synchronization":[201],"between":[202],"still":[205],"exist.":[206],"This":[207],"study":[208],"explores":[209],"BBRv2's":[210],"current":[211],"behavior":[212],"various":[214],"scenarios":[216],"compares":[218],"algorithm.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
