{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3130174334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059541","title":"Space Projectile Explosion Position Parameters Measurement Method and Target Damage Probability Calculation Analysis","display_name":"Space Projectile Explosion Position Parameters Measurement Method and Target Damage Probability Calculation Analysis","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3130174334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059541","mag":"3130174334"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3059541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059541","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09354614.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09354614.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071114999","display_name":"Hanshan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0110-9898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanshan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0110-9898","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101598260","display_name":"Liping Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7089-5394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liping Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408518","display_name":"Xiaoqian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-8268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-8268","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100601220","display_name":"Xuewei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-4886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-4886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.1967,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47042737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"29118","last_page":"29126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11699","display_name":"High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13371","display_name":"Military Defense Systems Analysis","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projectile","display_name":"Projectile","score":0.9810731410980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warhead","display_name":"Warhead","score":0.9038498401641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6816596984863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explosive-material","display_name":"Explosive material","score":0.6703381538391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6437140703201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range-of-a-projectile","display_name":"Range of a projectile","score":0.607736349105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersion","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","score":0.486301988363266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4712403416633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammunition","display_name":"Ammunition","score":0.44601866602897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.4122006297111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.37314164638519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.19748753309249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16450151801109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.14155620336532593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.11839896440505981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-physics","display_name":"Nuclear physics","score":0.06984531879425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.06203380227088928}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49304495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49393","display_name":"Projectile","level":2,"score":0.9810731410980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149617267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827512","display_name":"Warhead","level":2,"score":0.9038498401641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6816596984863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154238967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12870","display_name":"Explosive material","level":2,"score":0.6703381538391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6437140703201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62467634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621865","display_name":"Range of a projectile","level":3,"score":0.607736349105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177562468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","level":2,"score":0.486301988363266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4712403416633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554616519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185785","display_name":"Ammunition","level":2,"score":0.44601866602897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.4122006297111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.37314164638519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.19748753309249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16450151801109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.14155620336532593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.11839896440505981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.06984531879425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.06203380227088928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3059541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059541","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09354614.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5740bbc584e346e5b2f46f213d8df3e9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5740bbc584e346e5b2f46f213d8df3e9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 29118-29126 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3059541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059541","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09354614.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7580075998","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62073256","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8859297417","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020GY-125","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327224","funder_display_name":"Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327224","display_name":"Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3130174334.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3130174334.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2538708100","https://openalex.org/W2744057056","https://openalex.org/W2885818105","https://openalex.org/W2909995464","https://openalex.org/W2912408653","https://openalex.org/W2920046391","https://openalex.org/W2930771083","https://openalex.org/W2932449756","https://openalex.org/W2947602959","https://openalex.org/W2954132472","https://openalex.org/W2968966309","https://openalex.org/W2969514302","https://openalex.org/W2974239453","https://openalex.org/W2983252847","https://openalex.org/W2989191804","https://openalex.org/W2990524479","https://openalex.org/W3003542668","https://openalex.org/W3016153495","https://openalex.org/W3081339147","https://openalex.org/W4233388538","https://openalex.org/W6782924574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2367809667","https://openalex.org/W2379415842","https://openalex.org/W2377505791","https://openalex.org/W2380497333","https://openalex.org/W2353283138","https://openalex.org/W1535420593","https://openalex.org/W2573319138","https://openalex.org/W4360996825","https://openalex.org/W4367171843","https://openalex.org/W2897085006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Because":[0],"the":[1,5,11,14,33,51,74,82,88,91,97,103,116,123,127,130,134,137,149,158,165,187,196,204],"random":[2],"states":[3],"of":[4,17,32,36,50,58,73,87,96,105,119,126,133,151,169,198],"projectile":[6,41,75,89,120,135,154,177,200],"explosion":[7,77,84,156,179],"position":[8,54,78],"relative":[9],"to":[10,26,115],"intersection":[12,131],"target,":[13,128],"dispersion":[15,117],"characteristics":[16,118],"warhead":[18,37],"fragments":[19,38],"are":[20],"inconsistent,":[21],"and":[22,62,129,136,174],"it":[23],"is":[24],"difficult":[25],"provide":[27],"a":[28,47,56,70,142,170],"scientific":[29],"calculation":[30,71,94,146,173,182,191],"model":[31,72,147,192],"target":[34,98,143,166,189],"damage":[35,99,124,144,167,190],"formed":[39],"by":[40],"proximity":[42,76,83,121,155,178,201],"explosions.":[43],"This":[44],"paper":[45],"studies":[46],"testing":[48],"method":[49,95],"projectiles":[52,108],"explosive":[53],"using":[55],"combination":[57],"six":[59],"screen":[60],"sensors":[61],"an":[63,152,175],"area":[64,85,125],"array":[65],"camera.":[66],"We":[67,139],"set":[68],"up":[69],"parameters,":[79],"which":[80],"establishes":[81],"probability":[86,101,145,197],"hitting":[90,157,203],"target.":[92,138,159,205],"The":[93,160],"condition":[100,104,132,150],"under":[102,148,195],"firing":[106],"multiple":[107,199],"in":[109],"one":[110],"test":[111,180],"was":[112,193],"researched":[113],"according":[114],"explosion,":[122],"also":[140],"establish":[141],"effective":[153],"experimental":[161],"results":[162,168],"show":[163],"that":[164],"theoretical":[171],"simulation":[172],"actual":[176],"data":[181],"were":[183],"basically":[184],"consistent.":[185],"Moreover,":[186],"proposed":[188],"verified":[194],"explosions":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}