{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3133425135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059312","title":"A Review of Text-Based Recommendation Systems","display_name":"A Review of Text-Based Recommendation Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3133425135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059312","mag":"3133425135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3059312","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059312","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09354169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09354169.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024555206","display_name":"Safia Kanwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-9696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Safia Kanwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT), Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-9696","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT), Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086744552","display_name":"Sidra Nawaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1868-2129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sidra Nawaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT), Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1868-2129","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT), Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000560057","display_name":"Muhammad Kamran Malik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1392-8866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Kamran Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT), Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1392-8866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT), Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101983834","display_name":"Zubair Nawaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7989-8401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zubair Nawaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT), Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7989-8401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Punjab University College of Information Technology (PUCIT), Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024555206"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":13.0831,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98706236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"31638","last_page":"31661"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8603788614273071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.6612081527709961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.6439100503921509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6237941384315491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5792005062103271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5227342247962952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.47607606649398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4747075140476227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.47174227237701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.44679853320121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16577357053756714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8603788614273071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.6612081527709961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.6439100503921509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6237941384315491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5792005062103271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5227342247962952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.47607606649398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4747075140476227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47174227237701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.44679853320121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16577357053756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3059312","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059312","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09354169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dfd3268215cd48509d7428512db2fb77","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dfd3268215cd48509d7428512db2fb77","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 31638-31661 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3059312","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3059312","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09354169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3133425135.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3133425135.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":140,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W298464722","https://openalex.org/W1015675232","https://openalex.org/W1224564842","https://openalex.org/W1482459167","https://openalex.org/W1547244403","https://openalex.org/W1564184582","https://openalex.org/W1602639018","https://openalex.org/W1893286041","https://openalex.org/W1971040550","https://openalex.org/W1988755496","https://openalex.org/W1994967703","https://openalex.org/W2006905003","https://openalex.org/W2018426558","https://openalex.org/W2019177758","https://openalex.org/W2025605741","https://openalex.org/W2037351199","https://openalex.org/W2049965950","https://openalex.org/W2063584715","https://openalex.org/W2068903979","https://openalex.org/W2081532463","https://openalex.org/W2089711563","https://openalex.org/W2108630796","https://openalex.org/W2109421086","https://openalex.org/W2110443819","https://openalex.org/W2112420033","https://openalex.org/W2113834134","https://openalex.org/W2114079787","https://openalex.org/W2116578632","https://openalex.org/W2117320694","https://openalex.org/W2125761757","https://openalex.org/W2127201730","https://openalex.org/W2127795553","https://openalex.org/W2130287326","https://openalex.org/W2131571251","https://openalex.org/W2131744502","https://openalex.org/W2133674783","https://openalex.org/W2135580564","https://openalex.org/W2136189984","https://openalex.org/W2142144955","https://openalex.org/W2142206637","https://openalex.org/W2143060755","https://openalex.org/W2145094598","https://openalex.org/W2150341604","https://openalex.org/W2153111836","https://openalex.org/W2155912844","https://openalex.org/W2184957013","https://openalex.org/W2222911438","https://openalex.org/W2244654942","https://openalex.org/W2247816318","https://openalex.org/W2250342289","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2254811361","https://openalex.org/W2283196293","https://openalex.org/W2337718061","https://openalex.org/W2339258924","https://openalex.org/W2399167294","https://openalex.org/W2433281745","https://openalex.org/W2474765392","https://openalex.org/W2480191706","https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2509893387","https://openalex.org/W2515671155","https://openalex.org/W2520190972","https://openalex.org/W2527720949","https://openalex.org/W2536623018","https://openalex.org/W2538685489","https://openalex.org/W2578123898","https://openalex.org/W2579393094","https://openalex.org/W2596352504","https://openalex.org/W2596861151","https://openalex.org/W2599714636","https://openalex.org/W2605035112","https://openalex.org/W2614794251","https://openalex.org/W2625608804","https://openalex.org/W2740155545","https://openalex.org/W2742272831","https://openalex.org/W2742657630","https://openalex.org/W2743333519","https://openalex.org/W2743904806","https://openalex.org/W2752680955","https://openalex.org/W2760089394","https://openalex.org/W2787905871","https://openalex.org/W2787933113","https://openalex.org/W2795307814","https://openalex.org/W2798534344","https://openalex.org/W2799114560","https://openalex.org/W2800937088","https://openalex.org/W2803229406","https://openalex.org/W2803478834","https://openalex.org/W2805720864","https://openalex.org/W2807780906","https://openalex.org/W2809932213","https://openalex.org/W2855803919","https://openalex.org/W2885580742","https://openalex.org/W2889526258","https://openalex.org/W2890619056","https://openalex.org/W2893775232","https://openalex.org/W2894277918","https://openalex.org/W2903269720","https://openalex.org/W2911870147","https://openalex.org/W2915676182","https://openalex.org/W2921234583","https://openalex.org/W2947528435","https://openalex.org/W2950416834","https://openalex.org/W2951369132","https://openalex.org/W2952221186","https://openalex.org/W2953222773","https://openalex.org/W2954563266","https://openalex.org/W2963743018","https://openalex.org/W2963869731","https://openalex.org/W2967150747","https://openalex.org/W2983877531","https://openalex.org/W2984786593","https://openalex.org/W2986504685","https://openalex.org/W2988777870","https://openalex.org/W2997574889","https://openalex.org/W3027413395","https://openalex.org/W3034503922","https://openalex.org/W3100407497","https://openalex.org/W3102822426","https://openalex.org/W3122507327","https://openalex.org/W4205947740","https://openalex.org/W4230753792","https://openalex.org/W4239647775","https://openalex.org/W4288083766","https://openalex.org/W4294629820","https://openalex.org/W6639442434","https://openalex.org/W6677331852","https://openalex.org/W6678825698","https://openalex.org/W6678830454","https://openalex.org/W6679775712","https://openalex.org/W6680266790","https://openalex.org/W6681096077","https://openalex.org/W6686133869","https://openalex.org/W6688897457","https://openalex.org/W6695596964","https://openalex.org/W6703867651","https://openalex.org/W6712620868","https://openalex.org/W6718437798","https://openalex.org/W6750463746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W4390273403","https://openalex.org/W4386781444","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2150182025","https://openalex.org/W3092950680","https://openalex.org/W3197542405","https://openalex.org/W2056712470","https://openalex.org/W2951187577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"websites":[1],"over":[2],"the":[3,26,33,58,61,65,75,96,112,124,146,153,158,165,214,221,238,243,251,301,308,324,330,335,346],"Internet":[4],"are":[5,53,57,170,193,206,210,245,256,266,276],"producing":[6],"a":[7,40,69,90,105,121,184],"variety":[8],"of":[9,35,93,99,107,123,157,223,253,283,317,334],"textual":[10,27,159,340],"data;":[11],"such":[12,86],"as":[13,74],"news,":[14],"research":[15],"articles,":[16],"ebooks,":[17],"personal":[18],"blogs,":[19],"and":[20,84,177,227,247,287,342],"user":[21,41],"reviews.":[22],"In":[23,116],"these":[24,224,232,264,271,284],"websites,":[25],"data":[28],"is":[29,103,300,337,345],"so":[30],"large":[31],"that":[32,142,262,297,315,332],"process":[34],"finding":[36],"pertinent":[37],"information":[38,67],"by":[39,135],"often":[42],"becomes":[43],"cumbersome.":[44],"To":[45,269],"overcome":[46],"this":[47,117,133,197],"issue,":[48],"\u201cText-based":[49],"Recommendation":[50],"Systems":[51],"(RS)\u201d":[52],"being":[54],"developed.":[55],"They":[56],"systems":[59,162],"with":[60,320],"capability":[62],"to":[63,82,230,234,291],"find":[64],"relevant":[66],"in":[68,164,187,196,213,250,307],"minimal":[70],"time":[71],"using":[72],"text":[73,244,318],"primary":[76],"feature.":[77],"There":[78],"exist":[79],"several":[80],"techniques":[81],"build":[83],"evaluate":[85,270],"systems.":[87,115],"And":[88],"though":[89],"good":[91],"number":[92],"surveys":[94],"compile":[95],"general":[97],"attributes":[98,222,233],"recommendation":[100,114,161,325,344],"systems,":[101,272],"there":[102],"still":[104],"lack":[106],"comprehensive":[108],"literature":[109,137],"review":[110,122],"about":[111],"text-based":[113,128,201,254],"paper,":[118],"we":[119,217],"present":[120],"latest":[125,309],"studies":[126],"on":[127,338],"RS.":[129],"We":[130,278],"have":[131,218,279],"conducted":[132],"survey":[134,150,295,312],"collecting":[136],"from":[138,242],"preeminent":[139],"digital":[140],"repositories,":[141],"was":[143],"published":[144],"during":[145],"period":[147],"2010-2020.":[148],"This":[149],"mainly":[151],"covers":[152],"four":[154],"major":[155],"aspects":[156,169],"based":[160],"used":[163,303],"reviewed":[166,195],"literature.":[167],"The":[168,294,311,327],"datasets,":[171],"feature":[172,239,304],"extraction":[173,240],"techniques,":[174],"computational":[175,260],"approaches,":[176],"evaluation":[178,274,285],"metrics.":[179],"As":[180],"benchmark":[181],"datasets":[182,192,205,229],"carry":[183],"vital":[185],"role":[186],"any":[188],"research,":[189],"publicly":[190],"available":[191,212,226],"extensively":[194],"paper.":[198],"Moreover,":[199],"for":[200],"RS":[202,255],"many":[203],"proprietary":[204,228],"also":[207,267,313],"used,":[208],"which":[209],"not":[211],"public.":[215],"But":[216],"consolidated":[219],"all":[220],"publically":[225],"familiarize":[231],"new":[235],"researchers.":[236],"Furthermore,":[237],"methods":[241],"briefed":[246],"their":[248,292],"usage":[249],"construction":[252],"discussed.":[257,268],"Later,":[258],"various":[259],"approaches":[261],"use":[263],"features":[265,319,322],"some":[273],"metrics":[275,286],"adopted.":[277],"presented":[280],"an":[281],"overview":[282],"diagramed":[288],"them":[289],"according":[290],"popularity.":[293],"concludes":[296],"Word":[298],"Embedding":[299],"widely":[302],"selection":[305],"technique":[306],"research.":[310],"deduces":[314],"hybridization":[316],"other":[321],"enhance":[323],"accuracy.":[326],"study":[328],"highlights":[329],"fact":[331],"most":[333,347],"work":[336],"English":[339],"data,":[341],"News":[343],"popular":[348],"domain.":[349]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-14T08:36:36.166977","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
