{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3127151282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3058052","title":"An Efficient Fuzzy-Logic Based Variable-Step Incremental Conductance MPPT Method for Grid-Connected PV Systems","display_name":"An Efficient Fuzzy-Logic Based Variable-Step Incremental Conductance MPPT Method for Grid-Connected PV Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3127151282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3058052","mag":"3127151282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3058052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3058052","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09350255.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09350255.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045106828","display_name":"Mahmoud N. Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9860-6550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207547235","display_name":"Benha University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tn5ee41","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207547235"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud N. Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9860-6550","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207547235"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075221999","display_name":"Karar Mahmoud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-6809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86310350","display_name":"Aswan University","ror":"https://ror.org/048qnr849","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86310350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["EG","FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karar Mahmoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86310350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057152540","display_name":"Matti Lehtonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-7333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matti Lehtonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-7333","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065700634","display_name":"Mohamed M. F. Darwish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9782-8813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207547235","display_name":"Benha University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tn5ee41","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207547235"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["EG","FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed M. F. Darwish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9782-8813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207547235"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":9.3945,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":258,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99086434,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"26420","last_page":"26430"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12309","display_name":"solar cell performance optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-point-tracking","display_name":"Maximum power point tracking","score":0.9103826284408569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.7587293982505798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.6826894283294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6803157329559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6655205488204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-principle","display_name":"Maximum power principle","score":0.6055327653884888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5585007667541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4836648404598236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32508477568626404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16974511742591858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08086580038070679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter","display_name":"Inverter","score":0.06345796585083008}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36139824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052007","display_name":"Maximum power point tracking","level":4,"score":0.9103826284408569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.7587293982505798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.6826894283294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6803157329559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6655205488204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116615679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795908","display_name":"Maximum power principle","level":3,"score":0.6055327653884888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5585007667541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4836648404598236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32508477568626404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16974511742591858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08086580038070679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.06345796585083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3058052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3058052","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09350255.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/102734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/03bfc439-1d39-4a46-8af7-8a0d1f6cdb23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401662","display_name":"Aaltodoc (Aalto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","host_organization_name":"Aalto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:58935fe306e74d9787d3f36c577bf907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/58935fe306e74d9787d3f36c577bf907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 26420-26430 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3058052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3058052","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09350255.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127151282.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127151282.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1730152048","https://openalex.org/W1979331321","https://openalex.org/W2028230875","https://openalex.org/W2033367688","https://openalex.org/W2040632675","https://openalex.org/W2041589019","https://openalex.org/W2061562907","https://openalex.org/W2065072230","https://openalex.org/W2071281015","https://openalex.org/W2080598396","https://openalex.org/W2091493242","https://openalex.org/W2108082843","https://openalex.org/W2131841686","https://openalex.org/W2169498704","https://openalex.org/W2192523407","https://openalex.org/W2234053767","https://openalex.org/W2281693041","https://openalex.org/W2291407805","https://openalex.org/W2472782068","https://openalex.org/W2614994247","https://openalex.org/W2735486499","https://openalex.org/W2741148662","https://openalex.org/W2768113564","https://openalex.org/W2784217438","https://openalex.org/W2790725690","https://openalex.org/W2795397175","https://openalex.org/W2797769019","https://openalex.org/W2903918752","https://openalex.org/W2907008866","https://openalex.org/W2914143173","https://openalex.org/W2914854803","https://openalex.org/W2927264835","https://openalex.org/W2953941287","https://openalex.org/W2964525509","https://openalex.org/W2983384333","https://openalex.org/W3000383383","https://openalex.org/W3024077117","https://openalex.org/W3024415328","https://openalex.org/W3024492310","https://openalex.org/W3118511128","https://openalex.org/W3118786595","https://openalex.org/W3125534608"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093748482","https://openalex.org/W2366001104","https://openalex.org/W2366644717","https://openalex.org/W1956655372","https://openalex.org/W2351307261","https://openalex.org/W2090575600","https://openalex.org/W3177613009","https://openalex.org/W2367445858","https://openalex.org/W2902726256","https://openalex.org/W4308993309"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"solar":[1],"energy":[2],"has":[3],"been":[4],"intensively":[5],"employed":[6],"in":[7,211,236],"power":[8,43,193,261],"systems,":[9],"especially":[10],"using":[11],"the":[12,34,38,51,63,70,89,97,101,112,115,119,129,132,136,154,159,166,170,176,180,187,195,199,208,221,244,249,252,258,264,269],"photovoltaic":[13],"(PV)":[14],"generation":[15],"units.":[16],"In":[17,50],"this":[18,20,74],"regard,":[19],"paper":[21],"proposes":[22],"a":[23,27,54,76,104,224,233],"novel":[24,77],"design":[25],"of":[26,37,65,69,91,100,114,131,153,169,194,223,243,251],"fuzzy":[28,105,116,124,147,182],"logic":[29,106,183],"based":[30,82,184],"algorithm":[31,185],"for":[32,48,164,206],"varying":[33,165],"step":[35,57,98,167],"size":[36,58,99,168],"incremental":[39,171],"conductance":[40,172],"(INC)":[41],"maximum":[42,92],"point":[44,90],"tracking":[45,200],"(MPPT)":[46],"method":[47,156,215,247],"PV.":[49],"proposed":[52,81,155,181,214],"method,":[53,173],"variable":[55],"voltage":[56],"is":[59,80,108,157,162,216],"estimated":[60],"according":[61,110],"to":[62,111,175,267],"degree":[64],"ascent":[66],"or":[67],"descent":[68],"power-voltage":[71,133],"relation.":[72],"For":[73],"purpose,":[75],"unique":[78],"treatment":[79],"on":[83],"introducing":[84],"five":[85,120],"effective":[86,177],"regions":[87],"around":[88],"PV":[93,196,226],"power.":[94],"To":[95],"vary":[96],"duty":[102],"cycle,":[103],"system":[107,227],"developed":[109,123],"locations":[113],"inputs":[117,125],"regarding":[118],"regions.":[121],"The":[122,151,190,213,229],"are":[126,149,202],"inspired":[127],"from":[128],"slope":[130],"relation,":[134],"namely":[135],"current-voltage":[137],"ratio":[138],"and":[139,146,186,198,218,238,262],"its":[140],"derivatives":[141],"whereas":[142],"appropriate":[143],"membership":[144],"functions":[145],"rules":[148],"designed.":[150],"benefit":[152],"that":[158,242],"MPPT":[160],"efficiency":[161],"improved":[163],"thanks":[174],"coordination":[178],"between":[179],"INC":[188,246],"method.":[189],"output":[191,259],"DC":[192],"array":[197],"speed":[201],"presented":[203],"as":[204],"indices":[205],"illustrating":[207],"improvement":[209,235],"achieved":[210],"MPPT.":[212],"verified":[217],"tested":[219],"through":[220],"simulation":[222,230],"grid-connected":[225],"model.":[228],"results":[231],"reveal":[232],"valuable":[234],"static":[237],"dynamic":[239],"responses":[240],"over":[241],"traditional":[245],"with":[248,273],"variation":[250],"environmental":[253,275],"conditions.":[254,276],"Further,":[255],"it":[256],"enhances":[257],"dc":[260],"reduce":[263],"convergence":[265],"time":[266],"reach":[268],"steady":[270],"state":[271],"condition":[272],"intermittent":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}