{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3126620103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3056448","title":"Cascade Faster R-CNN Detection for Vulnerable Plaques in OCT Images","display_name":"Cascade Faster R-CNN Detection for Vulnerable Plaques in OCT Images","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3126620103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3056448","mag":"3126620103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3056448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3056448","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09344609.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09344609.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052291094","display_name":"Chaoyu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0648-7502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156144747","display_name":"Harbin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jscf583","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao-Yu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0648-7502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000205463","display_name":"Xiaojian Hong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156144747","display_name":"Harbin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jscf583","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Jian Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100872798","display_name":"Shuai Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156144747","display_name":"Harbin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jscf583","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031980462","display_name":"Zhiyuan Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6103-750X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156144747","display_name":"Harbin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jscf583","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Yuan Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102952958","display_name":"Huidi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-0771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156144747","display_name":"Harbin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jscf583","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui-Di Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080785214","display_name":"Lin-Xiao Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156144747","display_name":"Harbin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jscf583","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin-Xiao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forth Affiliation Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052291094"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156144747"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.1034,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74059901,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"24697","last_page":"24704"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10193","display_name":"Coronary Interventions and Diagnostics","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.827267050743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7872309684753418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.77137291431427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascade","display_name":"Cascade","score":0.7286070585250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","score":0.7190793752670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.6381797194480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.558402955532074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5266668200492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.44911348819732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4482651650905609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4259078800678253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.41720911860466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.41275250911712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.22036749124526978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.09463471174240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.07325449585914612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.827267050743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7872309684753418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.77137291431427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34146451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048094","display_name":"Cascade","level":2,"score":0.7286070585250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.7190793752670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.6381797194480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.558402955532074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5266668200492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.44911348819732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4482651650905609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4259078800678253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41720911860466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.41275250911712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.22036749124526978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09463471174240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.07325449585914612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3056448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3056448","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09344609.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cbf129f641ec4367a1845065f2f483ab","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cbf129f641ec4367a1845065f2f483ab","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 24697-24704 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3056448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3056448","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09344609.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7438603167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51779059","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3126620103.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3126620103.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1507701463","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W2055604082","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2161682643","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2167149374","https://openalex.org/W2280351290","https://openalex.org/W2301999291","https://openalex.org/W2407521645","https://openalex.org/W2433684007","https://openalex.org/W2469872437","https://openalex.org/W2518699512","https://openalex.org/W2544694898","https://openalex.org/W2593053646","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2732998087","https://openalex.org/W2791056402","https://openalex.org/W2791805136","https://openalex.org/W2804004364","https://openalex.org/W2810545923","https://openalex.org/W2888073688","https://openalex.org/W2911417066","https://openalex.org/W2914663144","https://openalex.org/W2945780539","https://openalex.org/W2950800384","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2964093967","https://openalex.org/W2982770724","https://openalex.org/W3035694605","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W4300789118","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6697793194","https://openalex.org/W6714138976","https://openalex.org/W6728904890","https://openalex.org/W6734277847","https://openalex.org/W6749128947","https://openalex.org/W6785652829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W2153719181","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W2900413183","https://openalex.org/W147410782","https://openalex.org/W1971748923","https://openalex.org/W3022252430","https://openalex.org/W2060986072","https://openalex.org/W3103989898","https://openalex.org/W4287804464"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Through":[0],"the":[1,62,85,109,116,127],"application":[2],"of":[3,67,87,102,123],"optical":[4],"coherence":[5],"tomography":[6],"(OCT),":[7],"computerized":[8],"medical":[9,28],"image":[10],"analysis":[11],"can":[12],"provide":[13,24],"intelligent,":[14],"auxiliary":[15],"diagnosis":[16],"for":[17,27,57,98],"patients":[18],"with":[19,84],"atherosclerosis.":[20],"In":[21],"order":[22],"to":[23,43,72],"higher-resolution":[25],"imaging":[26],"interventions,":[29],"a":[30],"novel":[31],"deformable":[32,63,111,129],"cascade":[33,52,112,130],"faster":[34],"region-based":[35],"convolutional":[36,53],"neural":[37],"networks":[38],"(Faster":[39],"R-CNN)":[40],"is":[41,55,96,134],"proposed":[42,110,128],"realize":[44],"vascular":[45],"plaque":[46],"recognition":[47,124],"in":[48,121],"OCT":[49],"images.":[50],"The":[51],"network":[54],"designed":[56],"lumen":[58],"feature":[59],"detection,":[60],"and":[61,65,75],"convolution":[64],"region":[66],"interest":[68],"pooling":[69],"are":[70],"adapted":[71],"anchor":[73],"scaling":[74],"offset":[76],"changes,":[77],"thereby":[78],"improving":[79],"classification":[80],"precision.":[81],"To":[82],"deal":[83],"problem":[86],"limited":[88],"samples,":[89],"an":[90],"innovative,":[91],"multiple":[92],"task":[93],"loss":[94],"function":[95],"established":[97],"online":[99],"instant":[100],"training":[101],"unlabeled":[103],"samples.":[104],"Experimental":[105],"results":[106],"prove":[107],"that":[108],"Faster":[113,118,131],"R-CNN":[114,119,132],"outperforms":[115],"original":[117],"method":[120,133],"terms":[122],"accuracy.":[125],"Thus,":[126],"effective":[135],"at":[136],"recognizing":[137],"vulnerable":[138],"plaques.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}