{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123298315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053499","title":"On Handwriting Pressure Normalization for Interoperability of Different Acquisition Stylus","display_name":"On Handwriting Pressure Normalization for Interoperability of Different Acquisition Stylus","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123298315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053499","mag":"3123298315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053499","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053499","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09330520.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09330520.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056214167","display_name":"Marcos Fa\u00fandez-Zanuy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0605-1282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170486558","display_name":"Pompeu Fabra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04n0g0b29","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcos Faundez-Zanuy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tecnocampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Matar\u00f3, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tecnocampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Matar\u00f3, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042056630","display_name":"Olga Brotons-Rufes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170486558","display_name":"Pompeu Fabra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04n0g0b29","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olga Brotons-Rufes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tecnocampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Matar\u00f3, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tecnocampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Matar\u00f3, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068673158","display_name":"Carles Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9099-3987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170486558","display_name":"Pompeu Fabra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04n0g0b29","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carles Paul-Recarens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tecnocampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Matar\u00f3, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tecnocampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Matar\u00f3, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004421013","display_name":"R\u00e9jean Plamondon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-7539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rejean Plamondon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Scribens, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Scribens, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056214167"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.4844,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63263851,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"18443","last_page":"18453"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stylus","display_name":"Stylus","score":0.9716765880584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.8631300926208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6861396431922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.6545122265815735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.5585929751396179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5540307760238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5171374678611755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.44821658730506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.42005494236946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.379843533039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.342861533164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.27028322219848633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164086593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227035","display_name":"Stylus","level":2,"score":0.9716765880584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.8631300926208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6861396431922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.6545122265815735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.5585929751396179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5540307760238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5171374678611755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.44821658730506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.42005494236946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.379843533039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.342861533164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.27028322219848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053499","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053499","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09330520.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.polymtl.ca:9322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401013","display_name":"PolyPublie (\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","host_organization_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2203.16337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.16337","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.16337","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cb5d937c746f4e719dc57bded621d032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cb5d937c746f4e719dc57bded621d032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 18443-18453 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053499","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053499","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09330520.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1639740413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TEC2016-77791-C4-2-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123298315.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123298315.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W117975506","https://openalex.org/W1539616993","https://openalex.org/W1576865124","https://openalex.org/W1724412330","https://openalex.org/W1754513532","https://openalex.org/W2053438338","https://openalex.org/W2059857061","https://openalex.org/W2061828128","https://openalex.org/W2077037965","https://openalex.org/W2079515117","https://openalex.org/W2079857123","https://openalex.org/W2080025922","https://openalex.org/W2296760039","https://openalex.org/W2528538158","https://openalex.org/W2797984302","https://openalex.org/W2899124680","https://openalex.org/W2911424601","https://openalex.org/W2990167713","https://openalex.org/W3048672684","https://openalex.org/W3082512569","https://openalex.org/W4210988543","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6696997215"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2210812050","https://openalex.org/W3003949997","https://openalex.org/W3199359807","https://openalex.org/W2110485610","https://openalex.org/W3047607512","https://openalex.org/W4390983538","https://openalex.org/W2744690920","https://openalex.org/W2107320953","https://openalex.org/W2787081548","https://openalex.org/W183832189"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,66,78,107],"pressure":[6,72,82,101,124],"characterization":[7],"and":[8,25,56],"normalization":[9,103],"procedure":[10],"for":[11],"online":[12,28],"handwritten":[13],"acquisition.":[14],"Normalization":[15,126],"process":[16],"has":[17],"been":[18],"tested":[19],"in":[20,81,88,110,130],"biometric":[21,95],"recognition":[22,96],"experiments":[23],"(identification":[24],"verification)":[26],"using":[27,65],"signature":[29,131],"database":[30],"MCYT,":[31],"which":[32],"consists":[33],"of":[34,100,123],"the":[35,45,89],"signatures":[36],"from":[37],"330":[38],"users.":[39],"The":[40],"goal":[41],"is":[42],"to":[43],"analyze":[44],"real":[46],"mismatch":[47],"scenarios":[48],"where":[49],"users":[50],"are":[51],"enrolled":[52],"with":[53,70,141],"one":[54],"stylus":[55,68,91,117],"then,":[57],"later":[58],"on,":[59],"they":[60],"produce":[61],"some":[62],"testing":[63],"samples":[64],"different":[67,71,85,90,116],"model":[69],"response.":[73],"Experimental":[74],"results":[75],"show:":[76],"1)":[77],"saturation":[79],"behavior":[80],"signal":[83,102],"2)":[84],"dynamic":[86],"ranges":[87],"studied":[92],"3)":[93],"improved":[94],"accuracy":[97],"by":[98,121],"means":[99,122],"as":[104,106],"well":[105],"performance":[108],"degradation":[109],"mismatched":[111,142],"conditions":[112],"4)":[113],"interoperability":[114],"between":[115],"can":[118],"be":[119],"obtained":[120],"normalization.":[125],"produces":[127],"an":[128],"improvement":[129],"identification":[132],"rates":[133],"higher":[134],"than":[135],"7%":[136],"(absolute":[137],"value)":[138],"when":[139],"compared":[140],"scenarios.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}