{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123953333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053135","title":"A Cyber-Security Methodology for a Cyber-Physical Industrial Control System Testbed","display_name":"A Cyber-Security Methodology for a Cyber-Physical Industrial Control System Testbed","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123953333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053135","mag":"3123953333"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053135","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053135","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328778.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328778.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030417436","display_name":"Mohammad Noorizadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1109-1214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Noorizadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050120878","display_name":"Mohammad Shakerpour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3041-0188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Shakerpour","raw_affiliation_strings":["KINDI Center for Computing Research, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KINDI Center for Computing Research, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054285669","display_name":"Nader Meskin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-9369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nader Meskin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069329155","display_name":"Devrim \u00dcnal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-3502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devrim Unal","raw_affiliation_strings":["KINDI Center for Computing Research, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KINDI Center for Computing Research, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009555575","display_name":"K. Khorasani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6919-3889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khashayar Khorasani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia University, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030417436"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.12,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94227561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"16239","last_page":"16253"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.9641630053520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.8751755952835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7292984127998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-control-system","display_name":"Industrial control system","score":0.6991515159606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5949252247810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-attack","display_name":"Cyber-attack","score":0.5881505608558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.57822185754776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5757869482040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5521331429481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system-security","display_name":"Control system security","score":0.5508478283882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5437847375869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scada","display_name":"SCADA","score":0.5214583277702332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hacker","display_name":"Hacker","score":0.49611982703208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4622625410556793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-control","display_name":"Process control","score":0.42910367250442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2739088535308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2528393864631653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.21076121926307678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.16952666640281677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16391369700431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-security-assurance","display_name":"Software security assurance","score":0.09253910183906555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08099043369293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.07536938786506653}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.9641630053520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.8751755952835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7292984127998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.6991515159606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5949252247810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201307755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071928","display_name":"Cyber-attack","level":2,"score":0.5881505608558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.57822185754776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5757869482040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5521331429481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172862783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165888","display_name":"Control system security","level":5,"score":0.5508478283882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5437847375869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113863187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17498","display_name":"SCADA","level":2,"score":0.5214583277702332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.49611982703208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4622625410556793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.42910367250442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2739088535308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2528393864631653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.21076121926307678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.16952666640281677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16391369700431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554361","display_name":"Software security assurance","level":4,"score":0.09253910183906555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08099043369293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.07536938786506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053135","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053135","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328778.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6329eaadf22c4ce58a4c307fc5176afd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6329eaadf22c4ce58a4c307fc5176afd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 16239-16253 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/29766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/29766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053135","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053135","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328778.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8396368185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10-0105-17017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307849","display_name":"North Atlantic Treaty Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/05xagc088"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309815","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123953333.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123953333.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187043655","https://openalex.org/W999118018","https://openalex.org/W1530232915","https://openalex.org/W1613804959","https://openalex.org/W1969871621","https://openalex.org/W1977883839","https://openalex.org/W1994754260","https://openalex.org/W1995443851","https://openalex.org/W2004186751","https://openalex.org/W2020703859","https://openalex.org/W2045669182","https://openalex.org/W2056451850","https://openalex.org/W2061243822","https://openalex.org/W2070836441","https://openalex.org/W2085434887","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2132870739","https://openalex.org/W2143288231","https://openalex.org/W2144182447","https://openalex.org/W2150641169","https://openalex.org/W2156361298","https://openalex.org/W2296719434","https://openalex.org/W2337344967","https://openalex.org/W2341697730","https://openalex.org/W2407991977","https://openalex.org/W2535751405","https://openalex.org/W2589638514","https://openalex.org/W2600170012","https://openalex.org/W2604247107","https://openalex.org/W2749982501","https://openalex.org/W2753616590","https://openalex.org/W2767135428","https://openalex.org/W2768947629","https://openalex.org/W2789407717","https://openalex.org/W2885128583","https://openalex.org/W2888563510","https://openalex.org/W2896487165","https://openalex.org/W2910314742","https://openalex.org/W2946683381","https://openalex.org/W2948119740","https://openalex.org/W2963445059","https://openalex.org/W2965072079","https://openalex.org/W3007079077","https://openalex.org/W6607543680","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6681290967","https://openalex.org/W6744375652","https://openalex.org/W6757844995","https://openalex.org/W6820122306"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2265199518","https://openalex.org/W2614996178","https://openalex.org/W2902958991","https://openalex.org/W2309980522","https://openalex.org/W2198908836","https://openalex.org/W2501550164","https://openalex.org/W2783141896","https://openalex.org/W2184855233","https://openalex.org/W2187618570","https://openalex.org/W2801513872"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,42,109,131],"recent":[2],"increase":[3],"in":[4,11,30,87,122,144],"deployment":[5],"of":[6,18,32,55,73],"Cyber-Physical":[7],"Industrial":[8],"Control":[9],"Systems":[10],"different":[12],"critical":[13,47],"infrastructures,":[14],"addressing":[15],"cyber-security":[16],"challenges":[17],"these":[19],"systems":[20],"is":[21,85],"vital":[22],"for":[23,46,53],"assuring":[24],"their":[25,150],"reliability":[26],"and":[27,67,71,92,142,149,152,156],"secure":[28],"operation":[29],"presence":[31],"malicious":[33,119],"cyber":[34,105,136],"attacks.":[35],"Towards":[36],"this":[37],"end,":[38],"developing":[39],"a":[40,74,90],"testbed":[41,79,112,148],"generate":[43],"real-time":[44,56,88,123,145],"data-sets":[45],"infrastructure":[48],"that":[49,128],"would":[50],"be":[51],"utilized":[52],"validation":[54],"attack":[57,137],"detection":[58,138],"algorithms":[59,139],"are":[60,96,107,129,140,154],"indeed":[61],"highly":[62],"needed.":[63],"This":[64],"paper":[65],"investigates":[66],"proposes":[68],"the":[69,81,93,99,110,114,118,125,132,147],"design":[70],"implementation":[72],"cyber-physical":[75],"industrial":[76],"control":[77],"system":[78],"where":[80,117],"Tennessee":[82],"Eastman":[83],"process":[84],"simulated":[86],"on":[89,98,146],"PC":[91],"closed-loop":[94],"controllers":[95],"implemented":[97,143],"Siemens":[100],"PLCs.":[101,133],"False":[102],"data":[103],"injection":[104],"attacks":[106],"injected":[108],"developed":[111,141],"through":[113],"man-in-the-middle":[115],"structure":[116],"hackers":[120],"can":[121],"modify":[124],"sensor":[126],"measurements":[127],"sent":[130],"Furthermore,":[134],"various":[135],"performance":[151],"capabilities":[153],"compared":[155],"evaluated.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
