{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123902685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053003","title":"Batch Mode Active Learning Based on Multi-Set Clustering","display_name":"Batch Mode Active Learning Based on Multi-Set Clustering","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123902685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053003","mag":"3123902685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053003","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328799.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028219085","display_name":"Yazhou Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-5682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yazhou Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-5682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101908382","display_name":"Xiaoqing Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6916-1919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqing Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6916-1919","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100753343","display_name":"Yang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-6050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084801659","display_name":"Jun Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-8668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100401806","display_name":"Weili Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2317-5121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weili Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2317-5121","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052494207","display_name":"Zhe Shu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-4457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-4457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8189,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76781218,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"51452","last_page":"51463"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11754","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representativeness-heuristic","display_name":"Representativeness heuristic","score":0.7804229855537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7600401639938354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7290859818458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.5870153903961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/batch-processing","display_name":"Batch processing","score":0.55784672498703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5304445624351501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.48072078824043274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.4748687446117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.4722325801849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.46069878339767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42920857667922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42376306653022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14712035655975342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09386834502220154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37381756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20203288","display_name":"Representativeness heuristic","level":2,"score":0.7804229855537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7600401639938354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7290859818458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5870153903961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172658912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q661613","display_name":"Batch processing","level":2,"score":0.55784672498703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5304445624351501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.48072078824043274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.4748687446117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.4722325801849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.46069878339767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42920857667922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42376306653022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14712035655975342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09386834502220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053003","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:44594c2603fb4bf5ade5e20e9238d66c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/44594c2603fb4bf5ade5e20e9238d66c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 51452-51463 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3053003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3053003","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5671929399","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61906208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123902685.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123902685.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484084878","https://openalex.org/W1566135517","https://openalex.org/W1845402413","https://openalex.org/W1991234467","https://openalex.org/W1997783035","https://openalex.org/W2008989859","https://openalex.org/W2021367230","https://openalex.org/W2036150674","https://openalex.org/W2067996809","https://openalex.org/W2080021732","https://openalex.org/W2085989833","https://openalex.org/W2100659887","https://openalex.org/W2104042806","https://openalex.org/W2104848109","https://openalex.org/W2107034620","https://openalex.org/W2109059049","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2114188922","https://openalex.org/W2132948751","https://openalex.org/W2137795521","https://openalex.org/W2139238311","https://openalex.org/W2139573966","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2262342046","https://openalex.org/W2341105960","https://openalex.org/W2343514605","https://openalex.org/W2559008206","https://openalex.org/W2735257517","https://openalex.org/W2735531870","https://openalex.org/W2903158431","https://openalex.org/W2903919900","https://openalex.org/W2950370840","https://openalex.org/W2950725885","https://openalex.org/W2951911250","https://openalex.org/W2956371155","https://openalex.org/W2964727689","https://openalex.org/W2970291982","https://openalex.org/W3011747095","https://openalex.org/W3035499919","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4288320511","https://openalex.org/W6628826841","https://openalex.org/W6638701278","https://openalex.org/W6679716015","https://openalex.org/W6680113041","https://openalex.org/W6680876916","https://openalex.org/W6693099463","https://openalex.org/W6756615331","https://openalex.org/W6763982409","https://openalex.org/W6766403704","https://openalex.org/W6787972765","https://openalex.org/W7075742223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3159631231","https://openalex.org/W4405590872","https://openalex.org/W4404624381","https://openalex.org/W4306248409","https://openalex.org/W4211213551","https://openalex.org/W2332151799","https://openalex.org/W2062728131","https://openalex.org/W1824075546","https://openalex.org/W2103926897","https://openalex.org/W2101250918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Batch":[0],"mode":[1,40,135],"active":[2,41,57,136],"learning,":[3],"where":[4],"a":[5,15,37,55,65,116],"batch":[6,39,98,134],"of":[7,31,67,119,125],"samples":[8,33,69,89],"is":[9,14,81,100],"simultaneously":[10],"selected":[11,32],"and":[12,27,47,70,90],"labeled,":[13],"challenging":[16],"task.":[17],"The":[18],"challenge":[19],"lies":[20],"in":[21,129],"how":[22],"to":[23,59,83,91],"maintain":[24],"the":[25,29,45,61,76,85,93,96,101,104,110,126],"informativeness":[26,46,62],"keep":[28],"diversity":[30],"concurrently.":[34],"We":[35],"propose":[36],"novel":[38],"learning":[42,137],"that":[43],"balances":[44],"representativeness":[48],"using":[49],"multi-set":[50],"clustering.":[51],"Our":[52,112],"method":[53,128],"utilizes":[54],"sequential":[56],"learner":[58],"retain":[60],"by":[63],"providing":[64],"ranking":[66],"unlabeled":[68],"constructing":[71],"multiple":[72],"informative":[73],"sets":[74],"for":[75],"subsequent":[77],"clusterings.":[78],"K-means":[79],"clustering":[80],"used":[82],"minimize":[84],"redundancy":[86],"among":[87],"these":[88],"improve":[92],"representativeness.":[94],"Finally,":[95],"optimal":[97],"chosen":[99],"one":[102],"minimizing":[103],"expected":[105],"predictive":[106],"variance":[107],"on":[108,115],"all":[109],"data.":[111],"experimental":[113],"results":[114],"large":[117],"number":[118],"benchmark":[120],"datasets":[121],"demonstrate":[122],"excellent":[123],"performance":[124],"proposed":[127],"comparison":[130],"with":[131],"current":[132],"state-of-the-art":[133],"approaches.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
