{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3124369533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3052656","title":"EEGNet With Ensemble Learning to Improve the Cross-Session Classification of SSVEP Based BCI From Ear-EEG","display_name":"EEGNet With Ensemble Learning to Improve the Cross-Session Classification of SSVEP Based BCI From Ear-EEG","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3124369533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3052656","mag":"3124369533"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3052656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3052656","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328251.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328251.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026898804","display_name":"Yuanlu Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125878","display_name":"Suzhou Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ebk0c60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125878"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138186","display_name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/03c9ncn37","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanlu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China","MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100414460","display_name":"Ying Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3683-9695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138186","display_name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/03c9ncn37","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016647517","display_name":"Jinling Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5921-2214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138186","display_name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/03c9ncn37","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinling Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5921-2214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432317","display_name":"Pengcheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-9304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125878","display_name":"Suzhou Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ebk0c60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125878"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138186","display_name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/03c9ncn37","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengcheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China","MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-9304","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138186","https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.4759,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96711179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"15295","last_page":"15303"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.8301084041595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7738585472106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.693885326385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6861240267753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4827822744846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.4469199478626251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4252597689628601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38945356011390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1440194547176361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.05482923984527588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.8301084041595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7738585472106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.693885326385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6861240267753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4827822744846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.4469199478626251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4252597689628601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38945356011390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1440194547176361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.05482923984527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3052656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3052656","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328251.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8609759eb111455db04ba0c3892ae58c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8609759eb111455db04ba0c3892ae58c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 15295-15303 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3052656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3052656","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09328251.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G199942753","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFB1002503","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2948601600","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018KFYXKJC035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3146760549","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61721092","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325104","display_name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/03c9ncn37"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3124369533.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3124369533.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W2044455804","https://openalex.org/W2055264244","https://openalex.org/W2058471437","https://openalex.org/W2065613910","https://openalex.org/W2066435223","https://openalex.org/W2098100592","https://openalex.org/W2105478324","https://openalex.org/W2106006415","https://openalex.org/W2145302786","https://openalex.org/W2155714768","https://openalex.org/W2168572392","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2414977329","https://openalex.org/W2527878485","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2559463885","https://openalex.org/W2590420622","https://openalex.org/W2612445135","https://openalex.org/W2741907166","https://openalex.org/W2792885690","https://openalex.org/W2797694788","https://openalex.org/W2799439111","https://openalex.org/W2800904877","https://openalex.org/W2905523904","https://openalex.org/W2915893085","https://openalex.org/W2921231825","https://openalex.org/W2944495915","https://openalex.org/W2961557730","https://openalex.org/W2963355311","https://openalex.org/W3101684563","https://openalex.org/W3102455230","https://openalex.org/W3106355052","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6664905794","https://openalex.org/W6737664043"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W2044053727","https://openalex.org/W1994410349","https://openalex.org/W3177028067","https://openalex.org/W1913385466","https://openalex.org/W2914170859","https://openalex.org/W2889342546","https://openalex.org/W2015048155","https://openalex.org/W1969223073"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ear-electroencephalography":[0],"(ear-EEG)":[1],"using":[2,220],"electrodes":[3],"placed":[4],"above":[5],"hairless":[6],"areas":[7],"around":[8],"ears":[9],"is":[10,50],"a":[11,77],"convenient":[12],"and":[13,179],"comfortable":[14],"method":[15],"for":[16,160,212],"signal":[17],"recording":[18],"in":[19,47,59,72,104,163,217],"practical":[20,236],"applications":[21],"of":[22,37,45,57,70,91,126,141,155,215],"steady-state":[23],"visual":[24],"evoked":[25],"potential":[26],"(SSVEP)":[27],"based":[28,231],"brain-computer":[29],"interface":[30],"(BCI).":[31],"However,":[32],"due":[33],"to":[34,66,101,114,122,176,184,205,227,235],"the":[35,41,43,55,68,89,124,196,229],"constraint":[36],"electrode":[38],"distribution":[39],"behind":[40],"ear,":[42],"amplitude":[44],"SSVEP":[46,103,142,216,230],"ear-EEG":[48,58,71,105,127,130,161,218],"signals":[49,162,219],"relatively":[51],"low,":[52],"which":[53,137,187],"hinders":[54],"application":[56],"SSVEP-based":[60,73],"BCI.":[61],"This":[62],"study":[63],"was":[64,132,171],"aimed":[65],"improve":[67,123],"performance":[69],"BCI":[74,232],"through":[75],"re-implementing":[76],"compact":[78],"convolutional":[79],"neural":[80],"network":[81,197],"(EEGNet)":[82],"with":[83,97,118,157,224],"ensemble":[84,111,158],"learning.":[85],"We":[86],"first":[87],"evaluated":[88],"feasibility":[90],"applying":[92],"widely":[93],"used":[94],"EEGNet":[95,116,156,201],"models":[96,117,223],"different":[98,119],"kernel":[99,120],"numbers":[100,121],"decode":[102],"signals.":[106,128],"Then":[107],"we":[108],"applied":[109],"an":[110,134],"learning":[112,159,222],"strategy":[113],"combine":[115],"classification":[125,214],"The":[129,152,208],"data":[131,143],"from":[133,149,233],"open":[135],"dataset,":[136],"acquired":[138],"three":[139,146],"sessions":[140],"induced":[144],"by":[145],"flicker":[147],"stimuli":[148],"eleven":[150],"subjects.":[151],"average":[153],"accuracy":[154],"cross-session":[164],"validations":[165],"at":[166],"1":[167,175,183],"s":[168],"window":[169],"length":[170],"81.12%":[172],"(from":[173,181],"session":[174,177,182,185],"2)":[178],"81.74%":[180],"3),":[186],"significantly":[188],"outperformed":[189],"canonical":[190],"correlation":[191],"analysis":[192],"(CCA).":[193],"In":[194],"addition,":[195],"visualization":[198],"indicated":[199],"that":[200],"extracted":[202],"features":[203],"related":[204],"stimulation":[206],"frequencies.":[207],"results":[209],"showed":[210],"promise":[211],"accurate":[213],"deep":[221],"strategies,":[225],"helping":[226],"promote":[228],"laboratory":[234],"application.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
