{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3122290846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3051969","title":"Feature Selection and Ensemble Learning Techniques in One-Class Classifiers: An Empirical Study of Two-Class Imbalanced Datasets","display_name":"Feature Selection and Ensemble Learning Techniques in One-Class Classifiers: An Empirical Study of Two-Class Imbalanced Datasets","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3122290846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3051969","mag":"3122290846"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3051969","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3051969","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09326335.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09326335.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045234607","display_name":"Chih\u2010Fong Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5991-2253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Fong Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5991-2253","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010914146","display_name":"Wei\u2010Chao Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-513X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173093425","display_name":"Chang Gung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00d80zx46","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020100970","display_name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02verss31","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3020100970"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Chao Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan","Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-513X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020100970"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.6404,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95427507,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"13717","last_page":"13726"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13429","display_name":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7848625183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.694524884223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.6914699077606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.6658643484115601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6632587909698486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6463592648506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.633907675743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-subspace-method","display_name":"Random subspace method","score":0.5855497121810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5841423273086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5267134308815002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5115088224411011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-class-classification","display_name":"One-class classification","score":0.5089144706726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.45909935235977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3449175953865051}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7848625183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.694524884223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.6914699077606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.6658643484115601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6632587909698486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6463592648506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.633907675743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106135958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291993","display_name":"Random subspace method","level":3,"score":0.5855497121810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5841423273086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5267134308815002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5115088224411011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34872919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7092302","display_name":"One-class classification","level":3,"score":0.5089144706726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.45909935235977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3449175953865051}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3051969","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3051969","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09326335.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:babfbc00d58c4327844e6adb426b34bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/babfbc00d58c4327844e6adb426b34bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 13717-13726 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3051969","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3051969","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09326335.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2205640134","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G355973179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BMRPH13","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323441","funder_display_name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3862518167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8653071489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-2410-H-182-012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322767","display_name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02verss31"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323441","display_name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou","ror":"https://ror.org/02dnn6q67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3122290846.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3122290846.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038705219","https://openalex.org/W2099454382","https://openalex.org/W2100294832","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2137130182","https://openalex.org/W2142047467","https://openalex.org/W2144182447","https://openalex.org/W2155806188","https://openalex.org/W2158698691","https://openalex.org/W2164330572","https://openalex.org/W2296719434","https://openalex.org/W2340896621","https://openalex.org/W2562370852","https://openalex.org/W2609225916","https://openalex.org/W2611743072","https://openalex.org/W2612634114","https://openalex.org/W2618978649","https://openalex.org/W2695033683","https://openalex.org/W2760451156","https://openalex.org/W2768552067","https://openalex.org/W2774431873","https://openalex.org/W2791103947","https://openalex.org/W2803697594","https://openalex.org/W2804148081","https://openalex.org/W2805001156","https://openalex.org/W2896206046","https://openalex.org/W2900547659","https://openalex.org/W2901360115","https://openalex.org/W2903571866","https://openalex.org/W2908465383","https://openalex.org/W2911506434","https://openalex.org/W2914361121","https://openalex.org/W2922190169","https://openalex.org/W2955815983","https://openalex.org/W2972156365","https://openalex.org/W2998216295","https://openalex.org/W3014601769","https://openalex.org/W3104422614","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6751494907","https://openalex.org/W6767519940","https://openalex.org/W7066667914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2499612753","https://openalex.org/W3111802945","https://openalex.org/W1981866886","https://openalex.org/W2946096271","https://openalex.org/W2295423552","https://openalex.org/W1598471830","https://openalex.org/W3107369729","https://openalex.org/W2052615004","https://openalex.org/W2046975922","https://openalex.org/W2782764416"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Class":[0],"imbalance":[1,159,187],"learning":[2,142],"is":[3,129,143],"an":[4,74],"important":[5],"research":[6,106],"problem":[7],"in":[8,43,85,101,136,210],"data":[9,17,61,84,100,135],"mining":[10],"and":[11,21,94,119,140,161,168,215,236,251],"machine":[12],"learning.":[13],"Most":[14],"solutions":[15],"including":[16],"levels,":[18,20],"algorithm":[19],"cost":[22],"sensitive":[23],"approaches":[24],"are":[25,62,111,183],"derived":[26],"using":[27],"multi-class":[28],"classifiers,":[29,176,225,233],"depending":[30],"on":[31,151],"the":[32,86,102,114,121,133,137,173,180,191,204,207,222,246],"number":[33,82,98],"of":[34,83,99,108,116,123,157,206,230,249],"classes":[35],"to":[36,112,145,242],"be":[37],"classified.":[38],"One-class":[39],"classification":[40],"(OCC)":[41],"techniques,":[42],"contrast,":[44],"have":[45],"been":[46],"widely":[47],"used":[48],"for":[49,131],"anomaly":[50,75],"or":[51,57,91,243],"outlier":[52,170],"detection":[53,76],"where":[54],"only":[55],"normal":[56,90],"positive":[58,92],"class":[59,139,158],"training":[60,134],"available.":[63],"In":[64,194],"this":[65,109],"study,":[66],"we":[67,177],"treat":[68],"every":[69],"two-class":[70],"imbalanced":[71],"dataset":[72],"as":[73,172],"problem,":[77],"which":[78],"contains":[79],"a":[80,95],"larger":[81],"majority":[87,138],"class,":[88,93],"i.e.":[89],"very":[96],"small":[97],"minority":[103],"class.":[104],"The":[105],"objectives":[107],"paper":[110],"understand":[113],"performance":[115,124,205],"OCC":[117,148,175,181,208,217,224,232],"classifiers":[118,182,209],"examine":[120],"level":[122],"improvement":[125],"when":[126],"feature":[127,199,238],"selection":[128,200],"considered":[130],"pre-processing":[132],"ensemble":[141],"employed":[144],"combine":[146],"multiple":[147,231],"classifiers.":[149],"Based":[150],"55":[152],"datasets":[153],"with":[154,226,235],"different":[155],"ranges":[156],"ratios":[160],"one-class":[162],"support":[163],"vector":[164],"machine,":[165],"isolation":[166],"forest,":[167],"local":[169],"factor":[171],"representative":[174],"found":[178],"that":[179],"good":[184],"at":[185],"high":[186],"ratio":[188],"datasets,":[189],"outperforming":[190],"C4.5":[192],"baseline.":[193],"most":[195],"cases,":[196],"though,":[197],"performing":[198,240],"does":[201],"not":[202],"improve":[203],"most.":[211],"However,":[212],"many":[213],"homogeneous":[214],"heterogeneous":[216],"classifier":[218],"ensembles":[219],"do":[220],"outperform":[221],"single":[223],"some":[227],"specific":[228],"combinations":[229],"both":[234],"without":[237],"selection,":[239],"similar":[241],"better":[244],"than":[245],"baseline":[247],"combination":[248],"SMOTE":[250],"C4.5.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}