{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120367727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3050704","title":"EMG Biometric Systems Based on Different Wrist-Hand Movements","display_name":"EMG Biometric Systems Based on Different Wrist-Hand Movements","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120367727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3050704","mag":"3120367727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3050704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3050704","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09319169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09319169.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088431943","display_name":"Sumit A. Raurale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9416-7308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumit A. Raurale","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Centre for Data Science and Scalable Computing (DSSC), Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9416-7308","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Centre for Data Science and Scalable Computing (DSSC), Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036512274","display_name":"John McAllister","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4017-115X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John McAllister","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Centre for Data Science and Scalable Computing (DSSC), Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4017-115X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Centre for Data Science and Scalable Computing (DSSC), Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014600847","display_name":"Jes\u00fas Mart\u00ednez del Rinc\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9574-4138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jes\u00fas Mart\u00ednez Del Rinc\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Centre for Data Science and Scalable Computing (DSSC), Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9574-4138","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Centre for Data Science and Scalable Computing (DSSC), Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.5553,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93374294,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"12256","last_page":"12266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8383167386054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8168680667877197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.6672942042350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5916107892990112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wrist","display_name":"Wrist","score":0.5442694425582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromyography","display_name":"Electromyography","score":0.527777910232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44734570384025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.4418456256389618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3484615087509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34761670231819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.30852484703063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.256442129611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.11063385009765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.10416069626808167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8383167386054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8168680667877197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.6672942042350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5916107892990112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778216619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185706","display_name":"Wrist","level":2,"score":0.5442694425582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.527777910232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44734570384025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.4418456256389618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3484615087509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34761670231819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.30852484703063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.256442129611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11063385009765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.10416069626808167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3050704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3050704","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09319169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:publications/1ebbd339-3eb8-4b7d-9b84-33fee423396f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/1ebbd339-3eb8-4b7d-9b84-33fee423396f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Raurale, S A, McAllister, J & Martinez-del-Rincon, J 2021, 'EMG Biometric Systems based on different Wrist-Hand movements', IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 12256-12266. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3050704","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:21c91aeffd864c7682bfbf68c123a3f4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/21c91aeffd864c7682bfbf68c123a3f4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 12256-12266 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3050704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3050704","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09319169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120367727.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120367727.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58039618","https://openalex.org/W629053621","https://openalex.org/W1921598571","https://openalex.org/W1969581122","https://openalex.org/W1984150290","https://openalex.org/W1990084177","https://openalex.org/W1997392514","https://openalex.org/W1997560983","https://openalex.org/W2002011878","https://openalex.org/W2011987961","https://openalex.org/W2013427553","https://openalex.org/W2017688169","https://openalex.org/W2044628302","https://openalex.org/W2054206216","https://openalex.org/W2056754315","https://openalex.org/W2067189069","https://openalex.org/W2108146080","https://openalex.org/W2109677803","https://openalex.org/W2117668484","https://openalex.org/W2122430367","https://openalex.org/W2122936696","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2126960670","https://openalex.org/W2136928336","https://openalex.org/W2140959843","https://openalex.org/W2150796457","https://openalex.org/W2159358849","https://openalex.org/W2164053975","https://openalex.org/W2165216297","https://openalex.org/W2167075312","https://openalex.org/W2208736365","https://openalex.org/W2309966826","https://openalex.org/W2488164446","https://openalex.org/W2613548699","https://openalex.org/W2741285965","https://openalex.org/W2911994353","https://openalex.org/W2949402129","https://openalex.org/W2979902163","https://openalex.org/W2979934809","https://openalex.org/W3011035318","https://openalex.org/W3015418301","https://openalex.org/W3015981925","https://openalex.org/W3037473497","https://openalex.org/W3041894881","https://openalex.org/W4253165448","https://openalex.org/W6676016610","https://openalex.org/W6741604320","https://openalex.org/W7028080001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076845124","https://openalex.org/W2183964146","https://openalex.org/W2406926056","https://openalex.org/W2379932303","https://openalex.org/W2095239294","https://openalex.org/W3147744369","https://openalex.org/W2376139493","https://openalex.org/W3104966193","https://openalex.org/W2931897859","https://openalex.org/W2001345885"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electromyogram":[0],"(EMG)":[1],"acquisition":[2],"and":[3,15,186,191],"analysis":[4],"is":[5,42,106,150,159],"growing":[6],"in":[7,138,164,176,201],"importance":[8],"with":[9,14,134,152],"human":[10],"attempts":[11],"to":[12,48,87,95,102,108,120,148,162],"interact":[13],"control":[16,41],"equipment":[17],"such":[18],"as":[19,90,112],"robots,":[20],"prostheses":[21],"or":[22,119],"virtual":[23],"environments.":[24],"In":[25],"some":[26],"cases,":[27],"only":[28],"approved":[29,117],"users":[30,94,111],"should":[31],"be":[32,88],"permitted":[33],"these":[34,37],"capabilities.":[35],"For":[36,124,143],"applications,":[38],"securing":[39],"EMG-based":[40],"a":[43,64,91,113],"major":[44],"open":[45],"question":[46],"-":[47],"the":[49,52,73,103,125],"best":[50],"of":[51,67,115,127,146,183],"authors\u2019":[53],"knowledge,":[54],"no":[55],"prior":[56],"art":[57],"exists":[58],"which":[59,84],"can":[60],"identify":[61,121],"individuals":[62],"from":[63],"wide":[65],"range":[66],"wrist-hand":[68],"gestures":[69],"EMG":[70,86,132,136,178,204],"readings":[71],"within":[72],"wearable":[74,179],"device.":[75],"This":[76],"paper":[77],"addresses":[78],"this":[79],"problem.":[80],"Techniques":[81],"are":[82,196],"presented":[83],"allow":[85],"used":[89,107],"biometric,":[92],"allowing":[93],"verify":[96],"themselves.":[97],"An":[98],"EMG-sensing":[99],"armband":[100],"attached":[101],"lower":[104],"forearm":[105],"anonymously":[109],"authenticate":[110],"member":[114],"an":[116,167,177],"group,":[118],"themselves":[122],"uniquely.":[123],"development":[126],"extensive":[128],"biometric":[129],"system,":[130],"three":[131],"datasets":[133],"similar":[135],"sensing":[137],"different":[139],"sessions":[140],"were":[141],"exploited.":[142],"verification,":[144],"accuracy":[145],"up":[147],"93%":[149],"achieved,":[151],"92%":[153],"achieved":[154],"for":[155,174,189,199],"identification.":[156],"The":[157],"system":[158],"also":[160],"shown":[161],"operate":[163],"real-time":[165],"on":[166],"ARM":[168],"Cortex":[169],"A-53":[170],"embedded":[171],"processor":[172],"suitable":[173],"housing":[175],"device,":[180],"incurring":[181],"latencies":[182],"1.06":[184],"ms":[185,188],"1.61":[187],"verification":[190],"identification":[192],"respectively.":[193],"These":[194],"metrics":[195],"comfortably":[197],"sufficient":[198],"use":[200],"real-time,":[202],"battery-powered":[203],"authentication":[205],"devices.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}