{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120613784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049606","title":"Active Voltage Balancing of Series-Connected 1.7 kV/325 A SiC MOSFETs Enabling Continuous Operation at Medium Voltage","display_name":"Active Voltage Balancing of Series-Connected 1.7 kV/325 A SiC MOSFETs Enabling Continuous Operation at Medium Voltage","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120613784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049606","mag":"3120613784"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3049606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049606","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09316258.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09316258.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047439012","display_name":"Przemys\u0142aw Trochimiuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6361-6070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Przemyslaw Trochimiuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6361-6070","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080415796","display_name":"Rafa\u0142 Kopacz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2054-9821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafal Kopacz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2054-9821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022643694","display_name":"Grzegorz Wrona","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7836-2883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grzegorz Wrona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7836-2883","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003624399","display_name":"Jacek R\u0105bkowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-3505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacek Rabkowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.1802,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77379884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"8604","last_page":"8614"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snubber","display_name":"Snubber","score":0.7664527893066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.6683135032653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emi","display_name":"EMI","score":0.6276586055755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5700244307518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.490223228931427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mosfet","display_name":"MOSFET","score":0.4733835756778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4493204355239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-interference","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","score":0.4276805520057678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series-and-parallel-circuits","display_name":"Series and parallel circuits","score":0.42321914434432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4163252115249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-semiconductor-device","display_name":"Power semiconductor device","score":0.41307711601257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.40112021565437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.2205927073955536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21822422742843628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.17721658945083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0990571677684784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58018660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1975192","display_name":"Snubber","level":4,"score":0.7664527893066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.6683135032653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43461449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495531","display_name":"EMI","level":3,"score":0.6276586055755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5700244307518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.490223228931427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778413303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210793","display_name":"MOSFET","level":4,"score":0.4733835756778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4493204355239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184892835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474513","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","level":2,"score":0.4276805520057678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95023266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55738334","display_name":"Series and parallel circuits","level":3,"score":0.42321914434432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4163252115249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129014197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906544","display_name":"Power semiconductor device","level":3,"score":0.41307711601257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.40112021565437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.2205927073955536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21822422742843628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.17721658945083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0990571677684784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3049606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049606","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09316258.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bf9bee8897734427bd4e42dcff88eca2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bf9bee8897734427bd4e42dcff88eca2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 8604-8614 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3049606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049606","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09316258.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2992250795","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCN 2017/27/B/ST7/00970","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","ror":"https://ror.org/03ha2q922"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120613784.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120613784.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1567863360","https://openalex.org/W1963966966","https://openalex.org/W1973592577","https://openalex.org/W2060472803","https://openalex.org/W2128467083","https://openalex.org/W2128627293","https://openalex.org/W2134545669","https://openalex.org/W2147769534","https://openalex.org/W2152012503","https://openalex.org/W2160286674","https://openalex.org/W2171886847","https://openalex.org/W2515091011","https://openalex.org/W2541798676","https://openalex.org/W2542927532","https://openalex.org/W2606203317","https://openalex.org/W2768358584","https://openalex.org/W2769256280","https://openalex.org/W2769623822","https://openalex.org/W2799133443","https://openalex.org/W2806110253","https://openalex.org/W2889695175","https://openalex.org/W2890471863","https://openalex.org/W2899052819","https://openalex.org/W2899348591","https://openalex.org/W2904096636","https://openalex.org/W2947404076","https://openalex.org/W2963743628","https://openalex.org/W2991121788","https://openalex.org/W6755808268"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373648686","https://openalex.org/W2110764837","https://openalex.org/W4366773657","https://openalex.org/W76001227","https://openalex.org/W2349537384","https://openalex.org/W2041511579","https://openalex.org/W1986241886","https://openalex.org/W3120066331","https://openalex.org/W2549052135","https://openalex.org/W2018141764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,70,163],"medium":[4],"voltage":[5,37,107,137],"half-bridge":[6,66],"circuit":[7],"where":[8],"3.3":[9,164],"kV":[10,102,165,180],"power":[11,24,85,90,183],"switches":[12],"are":[13,154],"built":[14],"with":[15,69,83,177],"two":[16,168,178],"1.7":[17,179],"kV/325":[18],"A":[19,95],"SiC":[20,181],"MOSFETs":[21],"series-connected":[22],"inside":[23],"modules.":[25],"Essence":[26],"of":[27,44,60,64,97,106,143,192],"this":[28],"work":[29],"is":[30,54,67,81,122],"an":[31,77,115],"active":[32],"balancing":[33],"method":[34,145],"eliminating":[35],"the":[36,40,65,112,119,133,140,144,158,174],"imbalances":[38],"between":[39],"devices":[41,110],"by":[42,128],"means":[43],"gate":[45],"signals":[46],"modification.":[47],"The":[48],"advantage":[49],"over":[50],"commonly-used":[51],"passive":[52],"snubbers":[53],"low":[55],"cost":[56,194],"and":[57,136],"limited":[58],"amount":[59],"additional":[61],"losses.":[62],"Performance":[63],"illustrated":[68],"model-based":[71],"Saber":[72],"simulation":[73],"at":[74,89,100],"first,":[75],"then,":[76],"experimental":[78],"full-scale":[79],"model":[80],"designed":[82,120],"on-the-shelf":[84],"modules":[86,184],"capable":[87],"operating":[88],"level":[91,117],"above":[92],"150":[93],"kVA.":[94],"series":[96],"laboratory":[98],"tests":[99],"1.5":[101],"DC":[103],"confirmed":[104],"reduction":[105],"differences":[108],"across":[109],"in":[111,190],"stack":[113],"to":[114,162],"acceptable":[116],"-":[118],"system":[121],"working":[123],"correctly":[124],"despite":[125],"EMI":[126],"caused":[127],"fast":[129],"switching":[130,152,197],"transients.":[131],"Moreover,":[132],"observed":[134],"current":[135],"waveforms":[138],"prove":[139],"positive":[141],"impact":[142],"as":[146],"not":[147,188],"only":[148,189],"voltages":[149],"but":[150,195],"also":[151,196],"losses":[153],"better":[155],"balanced":[156],"among":[157],"devices.":[159],"Experimental":[160],"comparison":[161],"counterpart":[166],"shows":[167],"times":[169],"lower":[170,193],"turn-off":[171],"energy,":[172],"therefore,":[173],"presented":[175],"design":[176],"MOSFET":[182],"can":[185],"beneficently":[186],"compete":[187],"terms":[191],"performance.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}