{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120721003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049577","title":"CAMV: Class Activation Mapping Value Towards Open Set Fine-Grained Recognition","display_name":"CAMV: Class Activation Mapping Value Towards Open Set Fine-Grained Recognition","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120721003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049577","mag":"3120721003"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3049577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049577","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09316180.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09316180.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038858991","display_name":"Wei Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-2101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002110023","display_name":"Wenhui Diao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3931-3974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhui Diao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005905514","display_name":"Xian Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100333738","display_name":"Yue Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6327-5023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089561905","display_name":"Liangjin Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2590-591X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangjin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361757","display_name":"Jun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0652-6041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112365916","display_name":"Kun Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0450-6469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038858991"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.2599,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83136035,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"8167","last_page":"8177"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/softmax-function","display_name":"Softmax function","score":0.7776540517807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7538576126098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-set","display_name":"Open set","score":0.7091001868247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6417877078056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.5782758593559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5712081789970398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5634145736694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5628741979598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5411081314086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.47563982009887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4133862853050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17798981070518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.17137253284454346}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188441871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554146","display_name":"Softmax function","level":3,"score":0.7776540517807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7538576126098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42357961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213363","display_name":"Open set","level":2,"score":0.7091001868247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6417877078056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5782758593559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5712081789970398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5634145736694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5628741979598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5411081314086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.47563982009887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4133862853050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17798981070518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.17137253284454346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3049577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049577","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09316180.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:497a1905c1104a768616011772b1386a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/497a1905c1104a768616011772b1386a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 8167-8177 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3049577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049577","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09316180.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1825147467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41801349","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7408801154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61725105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120721003.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120721003.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104184427","https://openalex.org/W572355794","https://openalex.org/W1032927584","https://openalex.org/W1797268635","https://openalex.org/W1846799578","https://openalex.org/W1917989004","https://openalex.org/W2018459374","https://openalex.org/W2100332042","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2119880843","https://openalex.org/W2138011018","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2202499615","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2329953612","https://openalex.org/W2442806191","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2602572945","https://openalex.org/W2737725206","https://openalex.org/W2738853914","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2765268259","https://openalex.org/W2779610669","https://openalex.org/W2798365843","https://openalex.org/W2798715809","https://openalex.org/W2807931652","https://openalex.org/W2890884881","https://openalex.org/W2895752198","https://openalex.org/W2904509905","https://openalex.org/W2948069880","https://openalex.org/W2961018736","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963149653","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963285706","https://openalex.org/W2963393555","https://openalex.org/W2963420686","https://openalex.org/W2963670239","https://openalex.org/W2963875483","https://openalex.org/W2964159923","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2964274719","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W2965989958","https://openalex.org/W2973218493","https://openalex.org/W2990495699","https://openalex.org/W3102616566","https://openalex.org/W6604254268","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638319203","https://openalex.org/W6638677478","https://openalex.org/W6718347190","https://openalex.org/W6754995574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107204728","https://openalex.org/W4287591324","https://openalex.org/W4226420367","https://openalex.org/W2980176872","https://openalex.org/W2962876041","https://openalex.org/W3090555870","https://openalex.org/W3108503355","https://openalex.org/W2249953602","https://openalex.org/W3095506574","https://openalex.org/W3190449293"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Open":[0,43],"Set":[1,44],"Fine-Grained":[2],"Recognition":[3,45],"(OSFGR)":[4],"aims":[5],"at":[6],"distinguishing":[7],"known":[8,15,24,84,128,180],"fine-grained":[9,25,85,190,198],"categories":[10,129],"from":[11],"the":[12,23,29,41,60,63,79,83,109,120,136,149,160,165,173,185,189],"data":[13],"(contain":[14],"and":[16,35,140],"unknown":[17],"categories).":[18],"The":[19],"feature":[20],"distribution":[21],"of":[22,31,176,195],"category":[26,86],"usually":[27],"has":[28],"characteristics":[30],"small":[32],"inter-class":[33],"variance":[34],"large":[36],"intra-class":[37],"variance.":[38],"Directly":[39],"using":[40],"traditional":[42,64],"(OSR)":[46],"method":[47,66,97,183],"on":[48,70,99,119,188],"OSFGR":[49],"does":[50],"not":[51],"achieve":[52],"competitive":[53],"performance.":[54],"This":[55],"is":[56,67],"mainly":[57],"due":[58],"to":[59,131],"fact":[61],"that":[62],"OSR":[65,115,177],"designed":[68],"based":[69,98,118],"SoftMax":[71],"function,":[72],"whose":[73],"translation":[74],"invariance":[75],"for":[76,82,105],"input":[77],"weakens":[78],"representation":[80],"ability":[81],"in":[87],"OSFGR.":[88],"To":[89,143],"settle":[90,172],"this":[91,145],"problem,":[92,146],"we":[93,147],"present":[94],"a":[95],"unified":[96],"class":[100],"activation":[101],"mapping":[102],"value":[103],"(CAMV)":[104],"OSFGR,":[106],"which":[107,156],"preserves":[108],"original":[110],"discriminate":[111],"feature.":[112],"Besides,":[113],"most":[114,127],"methods":[116],"are":[117],"discrimination":[121,150],"model":[122,151],"with":[123,152],"multi-class":[124],"thresholds.":[125],"When":[126],"need":[130],"recognize,":[132],"it":[133],"will":[134],"face":[135],"high":[137],"computational":[138],"cost":[139],"low":[141],"efficiency.":[142],"overcome":[144],"propose":[148],"fusion":[153],"one-class":[154],"thresholds,":[155],"can":[157,171],"greatly":[158],"improve":[159],"inference":[161],"speed":[162],"without":[163],"losing":[164],"recognition":[166],"accuracy.":[167],"Meanwhile,":[168],"our":[169],"idea":[170],"extreme":[174],"situation":[175],"(only":[178],"one":[179],"category).":[181],"Our":[182],"achieves":[184],"state-of-art":[186],"performance":[187],"open":[191],"set":[192],"datasets":[193],"consisting":[194],"4":[196],"public":[197],"datasets.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}