{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3117654598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046853","title":"Regenerative Braking Control Method Based on Predictive Optimization for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle","display_name":"Regenerative Braking Control Method Based on Predictive Optimization for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3117654598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046853","mag":"3117654598"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3046853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046853","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09305695.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09305695.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018868931","display_name":"Junjiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5785-3499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junjiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397466","display_name":"Yang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9239-8025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9239-8025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090210835","display_name":"Datong Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3104-6207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Datong Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001236500","display_name":"Chunyun Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6728-5045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyun Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6728-5045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053290944","display_name":"Zhipeng Cong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhipeng Cong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018868931"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.6298,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8378865,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"1394","last_page":"1406"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11372","display_name":"Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regenerative-brake","display_name":"Regenerative brake","score":0.842118501663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-braking","display_name":"Engine braking","score":0.7676702737808228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retarder","display_name":"Retarder","score":0.7133368253707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-braking","display_name":"Dynamic braking","score":0.6688785552978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.5937231779098511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threshold-braking","display_name":"Threshold braking","score":0.5861504077911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5650913119316101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5621495246887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-brakeforce-distribution","display_name":"Electronic brakeforce distribution","score":0.5564880967140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.5269306898117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.511978268623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.5067811608314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4211607277393341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-recovery","display_name":"Energy recovery","score":0.41645199060440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.39776021242141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28450241684913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/braking-system","display_name":"Braking system","score":0.26166796684265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.20853930711746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1107049286365509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.09879395365715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brake","display_name":"Brake","score":0.07332026958465576}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162380856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580078","display_name":"Regenerative brake","level":3,"score":0.842118501663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192843390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176705","display_name":"Engine braking","level":3,"score":0.7676702737808228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33107880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779780","display_name":"Retarder","level":2,"score":0.7133368253707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158549904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155327","display_name":"Dynamic braking","level":3,"score":0.6688785552978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.5937231779098511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77338312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3087415","display_name":"Threshold braking","level":3,"score":0.5861504077911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5650913119316101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5621495246887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202208690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739519","display_name":"Electronic brakeforce distribution","level":4,"score":0.5564880967140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.5269306898117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.511978268623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.5067811608314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4211607277393341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141675481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3588981","display_name":"Energy recovery","level":3,"score":0.41645199060440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.39776021242141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28450241684913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988389982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1534839","display_name":"Braking system","level":3,"score":0.26166796684265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.20853930711746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1107049286365509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.09879395365715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780999251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17022503","display_name":"Brake","level":2,"score":0.07332026958465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3046853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046853","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09305695.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:21196431d18240b185c997ba639c84a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/21196431d18240b185c997ba639c84a9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 1394-1406 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3046853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046853","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09305695.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4284927950","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0106100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8731408618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51575063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3117654598.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3117654598.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966740244","https://openalex.org/W1981590432","https://openalex.org/W2026492881","https://openalex.org/W2034681671","https://openalex.org/W2042293955","https://openalex.org/W2059477288","https://openalex.org/W2073347776","https://openalex.org/W2277289842","https://openalex.org/W2390974791","https://openalex.org/W2612322043","https://openalex.org/W2749180303","https://openalex.org/W2780378219","https://openalex.org/W2789533028","https://openalex.org/W2794816497","https://openalex.org/W2910866784","https://openalex.org/W2913044256","https://openalex.org/W2922899729","https://openalex.org/W2944741030","https://openalex.org/W2951450062","https://openalex.org/W2978651407","https://openalex.org/W2987889495","https://openalex.org/W2990123453","https://openalex.org/W2996112279","https://openalex.org/W3002525663","https://openalex.org/W3002569614","https://openalex.org/W3003912930","https://openalex.org/W3005367904","https://openalex.org/W3008803487","https://openalex.org/W3009183611","https://openalex.org/W3011183744","https://openalex.org/W3013609727","https://openalex.org/W3015148878","https://openalex.org/W3020377869","https://openalex.org/W4230564576","https://openalex.org/W4233810403","https://openalex.org/W7055686780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2339212238","https://openalex.org/W2387252128","https://openalex.org/W2372809780","https://openalex.org/W2002515331","https://openalex.org/W3003912930","https://openalex.org/W2412999497","https://openalex.org/W4200278743","https://openalex.org/W3044612488","https://openalex.org/W2948430780","https://openalex.org/W2012338032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Regenerative":[0],"braking":[1,47,64,79,90,100,121,135,157],"is":[2,71,84,146],"the":[3,13,38,45,57,75,88,97,109,112,117,137,143,153],"key":[4],"to":[5,36,73,86],"achieve":[6],"efficient":[7,41],"use":[8],"of":[9,40,49,60,99,111],"energy":[10,42,138],"and":[11,33,78,92,104,119,150,155],"extend":[12],"driving":[14],"range":[15],"in":[16],"pure":[17,51],"electric":[18,52],"vehicles.":[19,53],"This":[20],"study":[21],"proposes":[22],"a":[23],"new":[24,113],"predictive":[25,114],"control":[26,115],"method":[27,55,145],"integrating":[28],"adaptive":[29,67],"cubic":[30,68],"exponential":[31,69],"prediction":[32,70],"dynamic":[34,58,82],"programming":[35,83],"address":[37],"problem":[39],"recovery":[43,139],"during":[44],"regular":[46],"process":[48],"four-wheel":[50],"The":[54,66,81,129],"considers":[56],"characteristics":[59],"an":[61],"electro-hydraulic":[62],"combined":[63],"system.":[65],"adopted":[72],"predict":[74],"vehicle":[76,105],"velocity":[77],"intensity.":[80],"employed":[85,126],"optimize":[87],"motor":[89],"torques":[91],"wheel":[93],"cylinder":[94],"pressures":[95],"under":[96,133],"condition":[98],"regulations,":[101],"road":[102],"constraints,":[103],"constraints.":[106],"To":[107],"verify":[108],"effectiveness":[110],"method,":[116],"ideal":[118,154],"multi-stage":[120,156],"force":[122,158],"distribution":[123,159],"methods":[124],"are":[125],"for":[127],"comparison.":[128],"results":[130],"confirm":[131],"that,":[132],"gradual":[134],"conditions,":[136],"efficiency":[140],"achieved":[141],"via":[142],"proposed":[144],"improved":[147],"by":[148],"1.55%":[149],"6.40%":[151],"considering":[152],"methods,":[160],"respectively.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
