{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3116336163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046661","title":"Combined Deep Learning With Directed Acyclic Graph SVM for Local Adjustment of Age Estimation","display_name":"Combined Deep Learning With Directed Acyclic Graph SVM for Local Adjustment of Age Estimation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3116336163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046661","mag":"3116336163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3046661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046661","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09302570.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09302570.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100617649","display_name":"Xiao Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0596-4525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cui Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0596-4525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhang Zhifeng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang Zhifeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051771665","display_name":"Jie Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6368-4495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cao Jie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100610891","display_name":"Qian Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7984-625X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100617649"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5887,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70462232,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"370","last_page":"379"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9743000268936157,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directed-acyclic-graph","display_name":"Directed acyclic graph","score":0.7583996653556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6094045042991638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5640576481819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5241239666938782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directed-graph","display_name":"Directed graph","score":0.5027117729187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-graph","display_name":"Moral graph","score":0.4482175409793854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.4471401274204254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4279249608516693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3978029489517212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2546376585960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2330697774887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-graph","display_name":"Voltage graph","score":0.09043124318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line-graph","display_name":"Line graph","score":0.07841894030570984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74197172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195339","display_name":"Directed acyclic graph","level":2,"score":0.7583996653556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6094045042991638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5640576481819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5241239666938782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146380142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137726","display_name":"Directed graph","level":2,"score":0.5027117729187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148067565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3323718","display_name":"Moral graph","level":5,"score":0.4482175409793854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4471401274204254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4279249608516693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3978029489517212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2546376585960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2330697774887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22149727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7940747","display_name":"Voltage graph","level":4,"score":0.09043124318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203776342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1378376","display_name":"Line graph","level":3,"score":0.07841894030570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3046661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046661","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09302570.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:90db09719b244067b6c097025f2422e0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/90db09719b244067b6c097025f2422e0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 370-379 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3046661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046661","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9312710/09302570.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2344106617","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61975187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3031446153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61975187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3116336163.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3116336163.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488606709","https://openalex.org/W1504795754","https://openalex.org/W1669690275","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1881452810","https://openalex.org/W1971970117","https://openalex.org/W1982795523","https://openalex.org/W1984813860","https://openalex.org/W1986702797","https://openalex.org/W1991119649","https://openalex.org/W2019445217","https://openalex.org/W2061759159","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2103077782","https://openalex.org/W2105026179","https://openalex.org/W2106488920","https://openalex.org/W2116311793","https://openalex.org/W2118755929","https://openalex.org/W2121939926","https://openalex.org/W2122158102","https://openalex.org/W2145721853","https://openalex.org/W2149194912","https://openalex.org/W2152826865","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2156312950","https://openalex.org/W2156696613","https://openalex.org/W2162084061","https://openalex.org/W2163626514","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2168441989","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2233737587","https://openalex.org/W2294733188","https://openalex.org/W2357481204","https://openalex.org/W2440214111","https://openalex.org/W2537685535","https://openalex.org/W2570835027","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2672079050","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2790718085","https://openalex.org/W2798853091","https://openalex.org/W2807068017","https://openalex.org/W2963420686","https://openalex.org/W2963839617","https://openalex.org/W2969597887","https://openalex.org/W2978525022","https://openalex.org/W3000477090","https://openalex.org/W3043835189","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6630225631","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6639355794","https://openalex.org/W6674914833","https://openalex.org/W6683050884","https://openalex.org/W6694585223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214487273","https://openalex.org/W4287028074","https://openalex.org/W3191289342","https://openalex.org/W2354764436","https://openalex.org/W2146569528","https://openalex.org/W2372211403","https://openalex.org/W2084763084","https://openalex.org/W3164774158","https://openalex.org/W1979867605","https://openalex.org/W4293065879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,27,68,122],"order":[1,123],"to":[2,78,83,124],"further":[3],"improve":[4],"the":[5,28,35,42,46,50,53,69,75,92,98,112,116,126,129,148,151,154],"accuracy":[6],"of":[7,49,52,128,144,153],"age":[8,13,87,120],"estimation,":[9],"a":[10,61,85,102],"locally":[11],"adjusted":[12],"estimation":[14,88],"algorithm":[15],"based":[16],"on":[17,139],"deep":[18],"learning":[19],"and":[20,45,63,95,107,141,147],"directed":[21,103],"acyclic":[22,104],"graph":[23,105],"SVM":[24,100,106],"is":[25,38,58],"proposed.":[26],"training":[29],"phase,":[30,71],"SE-ResNet-50":[31,82],"network":[32,43],"pre-trained":[33],"by":[34],"VGGFace2":[36],"dataset":[37],"first":[39,73],"fine-tuned.":[40],"Once":[41],"converges,":[44],"vector":[47],"consisting":[48],"parameters":[51],"last":[54],"fully":[55],"connected":[56],"layer":[57],"used":[59],"as":[60,115],"representation":[62],"train":[64],"multiple":[65],"One-Versus-One":[66],"SVMs.":[67],"test":[70],"we":[72],"sent":[74],"face":[76],"image":[77],"be":[79],"estimated":[80],"into":[81,101],"obtain":[84],"rough":[86],"value,":[89],"then":[90],"set":[91,108],"specific":[93,109],"neighborhood,":[94],"finally":[96],"combined":[97],"trained":[99],"neighborhood":[110],"with":[111],"global":[113],"estimate":[114],"center":[117],"for":[118],"accurate":[119],"estimate.":[121],"show":[125],"universality":[127],"proposed":[130],"coarse-to-fine":[131],"or/and":[132],"global-to-local":[133],"method,":[134],"experiments":[135],"were":[136],"carried":[137],"out":[138],"MORPH":[140],"AFAD":[142],"images":[143],"different":[145],"races,":[146],"results":[149],"verified":[150],"effectiveness":[152],"algorithm.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
