{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109361739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041633","title":"Lens Antenna Subarrays in mmWave Hybrid MIMO Systems","display_name":"Lens Antenna Subarrays in mmWave Hybrid MIMO Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109361739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041633","mag":"3109361739"},"language":"ceb","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3041633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041633","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09274372.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09274372.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102817519","display_name":"Murat Karabacak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-367X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat Karabacak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-367X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042730077","display_name":"H\u00fcseyin Arslan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-7372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huseyin Arslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-7372","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036827623","display_name":"G\u00f6khan Mumcu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3275-4865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gokhan Mumcu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3275-4865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":0.8639,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7214506,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"216634","last_page":"216644"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7702279090881348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.705940842628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6277912259101868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.616590678691864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5479403734207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3g-mimo","display_name":"3G MIMO","score":0.4938696026802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-user-mimo","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","score":0.4680376350879669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45096567273139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.4407743811607361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4137308895587921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3285136818885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2885669469833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2815811336040497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16009119153022766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7702279090881348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.705940842628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6277912259101868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.616590678691864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5479403734207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.4938696026802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91330434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738298","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","level":4,"score":0.4680376350879669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45096567273139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4407743811607361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4137308895587921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3285136818885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2885669469833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2815811336040497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16009119153022766}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3041633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041633","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09274372.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:419b8239a7274f0b907b5141477bb841","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/419b8239a7274f0b907b5141477bb841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 216634-216644 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3041633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041633","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09274372.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6671297155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAREER","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7260296765","display_name":"GOALI: SpecEES: Collaborative Research: Lens Antenna Subarrays and 3D Hardware Integration for Energy Efficient and High-Data Rate Mm-Wave Wireless Networks","funder_award_id":"1923857","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309374","display_name":"Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310847","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323792","display_name":"Bilkent \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/02vh8a032"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337392","display_name":"Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/01krpsy48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109361739.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109361739.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W836396136","https://openalex.org/W1981886294","https://openalex.org/W1984114931","https://openalex.org/W1988479411","https://openalex.org/W2045840914","https://openalex.org/W2047190101","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2075148031","https://openalex.org/W2103851250","https://openalex.org/W2104074482","https://openalex.org/W2108672684","https://openalex.org/W2115147171","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2141058125","https://openalex.org/W2142308177","https://openalex.org/W2145412765","https://openalex.org/W2155072837","https://openalex.org/W2166774451","https://openalex.org/W2195833401","https://openalex.org/W2337731334","https://openalex.org/W2342863993","https://openalex.org/W2345417877","https://openalex.org/W2368600038","https://openalex.org/W2469174679","https://openalex.org/W2514566782","https://openalex.org/W2525086471","https://openalex.org/W2568472996","https://openalex.org/W2588337862","https://openalex.org/W2623122370","https://openalex.org/W2623686672","https://openalex.org/W2771648045","https://openalex.org/W2884496638","https://openalex.org/W2886992435","https://openalex.org/W2963159303","https://openalex.org/W2963274684","https://openalex.org/W2963576099","https://openalex.org/W2964227303","https://openalex.org/W2983783466","https://openalex.org/W2997912402","https://openalex.org/W3033061782","https://openalex.org/W3037412198","https://openalex.org/W3048193654","https://openalex.org/W3072811412","https://openalex.org/W3132594805","https://openalex.org/W6791154883","https://openalex.org/W6991736145"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200145345","https://openalex.org/W2545343974","https://openalex.org/W1561113522","https://openalex.org/W1996130034","https://openalex.org/W2059045613","https://openalex.org/W1987031311","https://openalex.org/W2038397443","https://openalex.org/W2182661536","https://openalex.org/W2520729674","https://openalex.org/W4393237428"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Data":[0],"rate":[1,73,83],"and":[2,93,112,115,134],"energy":[3,103,132],"efficiency":[4,133],"performance":[5],"of":[6,12,50,76,84,110],"mmWave":[7,63],"wireless":[8],"communication":[9],"systems":[10],"consisting":[11,109],"a":[13,71,100,139],"new":[14],"lens":[15,41,48],"antenna":[16,42,143],"subarray":[17,52],"(LAS)":[18],"based":[19],"hybrid":[20,35,141],"multiple":[21,23],"input":[22],"output":[24],"(MIMO)":[25],"architecture":[26,31,37,44,68,128,146],"is":[27,53,59,123,147],"investigated.":[28],"The":[29],"LAS":[30,67,96,127,145],"degenerates":[32],"into":[33],"traditional":[34],"MIMO":[36,142],"(TA)":[38],"or":[39,55],"single":[40],"array":[43],"(SLA)":[45],"when":[46],"the":[47,51,81,85,89,126],"diameter":[49],"reduced":[54,90],"enlarged,":[56],"respectively.":[57],"It":[58],"shown":[60,124],"that":[61,75,125],"under":[62],"channel":[64],"scattering":[65],"conditions,":[66],"operates":[69,129],"with":[70,99,118,130],"data":[72,82],"approaching":[74],"TA":[77],"while":[78],"significantly":[79,101],"exceeding":[80],"SLA.":[86],"Due":[87],"to":[88,149],"hardware":[91],"complexity":[92],"power":[94],"consumption,":[95],"architectures":[97],"operate":[98],"improved":[102],"efficiency.":[104,137],"In":[105,138],"an":[106],"example":[107],"system":[108],"64":[111],"16":[113],"transmitter":[114],"receiver":[116],"antennas":[117],"2":[119],"RF":[120],"chains,":[121],"it":[122],"2\u00d7":[131],"98%":[135],"spectrum":[136],"larger":[140],"systems,":[144],"expected":[148],"benefit":[150],"even":[151],"more.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}