{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109459688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041012","title":"A Degenerate Spatial ARMA Process of External Sources Impinging Upon an Azimuth-Only ULA and the Estimation of Doas and Noise Variances","display_name":"A Degenerate Spatial ARMA Process of External Sources Impinging Upon an Azimuth-Only ULA and the Estimation of Doas and Noise Variances","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109459688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041012","mag":"3109459688"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3041012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041012","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09272748.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09272748.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001550599","display_name":"Guijin Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2782-5657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guijin Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001095980","display_name":"Ling Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7083-5586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047847588","display_name":"Weiguo Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-7145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiguo Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101978998","display_name":"Hairong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4028-5885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hairong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001550599"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.4546,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62778144,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"221871","last_page":"221885"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.6857614517211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5090196132659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.47454914450645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.474224328994751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive\u2013moving-average-model","display_name":"Autoregressive\u2013moving-average model","score":0.4690561592578888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/array-processing","display_name":"Array processing","score":0.45579537749290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.4520728886127472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.44993874430656433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagator","display_name":"Propagator","score":0.4360131621360779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.434524804353714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degenerate-energy-levels","display_name":"Degenerate energy levels","score":0.42867130041122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.37378719449043274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.3693190813064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.264312744140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24242764711380005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.18715965747833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.14450302720069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12096217274665833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11040133237838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.09927067160606384}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.6857614517211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5090196132659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.47454914450645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.474224328994751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74883015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290467","display_name":"Autoregressive\u2013moving-average model","level":3,"score":0.4690561592578888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778545087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4795883","display_name":"Array processing","level":4,"score":0.45579537749290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.4520728886127472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.44993874430656433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104416048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302518","display_name":"Propagator","level":2,"score":0.4360131621360779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.434524804353714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72319582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584304","display_name":"Degenerate energy levels","level":2,"score":0.42867130041122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37378719449043274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3693190813064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.264312744140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24242764711380005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.18715965747833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.14450302720069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12096217274665833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11040133237838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.09927067160606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3041012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041012","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09272748.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3901cbaab3ac455c8a28017e41428c73","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3901cbaab3ac455c8a28017e41428c73","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 221871-221885 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3041012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3041012","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09272748.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8387054818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20190302073GX","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335953","funder_display_name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335953","display_name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109459688.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109459688.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W210359992","https://openalex.org/W581677283","https://openalex.org/W1974513581","https://openalex.org/W1976328234","https://openalex.org/W1994477821","https://openalex.org/W2000804746","https://openalex.org/W2008229822","https://openalex.org/W2015881065","https://openalex.org/W2050315828","https://openalex.org/W2057446684","https://openalex.org/W2060108923","https://openalex.org/W2066218102","https://openalex.org/W2078511883","https://openalex.org/W2080115549","https://openalex.org/W2093229398","https://openalex.org/W2095833300","https://openalex.org/W2101658087","https://openalex.org/W2101862261","https://openalex.org/W2103519107","https://openalex.org/W2107710410","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2115943304","https://openalex.org/W2124208643","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2130601302","https://openalex.org/W2136172079","https://openalex.org/W2136606783","https://openalex.org/W2141358961","https://openalex.org/W2148723353","https://openalex.org/W2148982591","https://openalex.org/W2161135203","https://openalex.org/W2162409952","https://openalex.org/W2162654459","https://openalex.org/W2163175707","https://openalex.org/W2171094850","https://openalex.org/W2296616510","https://openalex.org/W2591434033","https://openalex.org/W2625541168","https://openalex.org/W2753756265","https://openalex.org/W2912403396","https://openalex.org/W2931366486","https://openalex.org/W2964012848","https://openalex.org/W4250955649"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2774967657","https://openalex.org/W2288323322","https://openalex.org/W2130356050","https://openalex.org/W2884297244","https://openalex.org/W4252042769","https://openalex.org/W2350123360","https://openalex.org/W603129232","https://openalex.org/W4206220350","https://openalex.org/W2559190857","https://openalex.org/W200518853"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Array":[0],"processing":[1,16],"is":[2,17,53,100,145,177,242,254],"an":[3,47],"interdisciplinary":[4],"topic":[5],"of":[6,14,20,28,31,46,63,68,92,110,122,125,136,141,182,185,221,236,261,266,269,277,282],"both":[7],"physics":[8],"and":[9,57,65,81,116,159,163,191,200,211,224,244,279],"signal":[10,64,111,139,280],"processing.":[11],"Physical":[12],"basis":[13],"array":[15,51,272],"the":[18,29,39,42,60,69,75,87,97,104,108,117,123,129,133,142,156,166,180,183,192,195,219,232,248,258,262,267,270,274,283],"orderly-setup":[19],"sensors":[21],"in":[22,55,171],"space":[23],"that":[24],"induces":[25],"regular":[26],"change":[27],"phase":[30],"external":[32],"sources":[33,99,127,144],"incident":[34,70,98,126,143,284],"upon":[35],"sensor":[36],"array.":[37],"In":[38],"current":[40],"paper":[41],"direction-of-arrival":[43],"(DoA)":[44],"estimation":[45,251,260],"azimuth-only":[48,105],"uniform":[49],"linear":[50,93,137,186],"(ULA)":[52],"investigated":[54],"theory":[56],"method":[58],"from":[59,273],"fused":[61,275],"perspective":[62,276],"physical":[66,278],"properties":[67,281],"sources.":[71,285],"By":[72],"organically":[73],"fusing":[74],"stationary":[76],"assumption":[77],"on":[78,86,132,204],"source":[79],"signals":[80],"noises":[82],"with":[83,107,179,231],"difference":[84],"operation":[85],"phases,":[88],"a":[89,149],"distinctive":[90],"system":[91,135,184],"equations":[94,187],"satisfied":[95],"by":[96],"theoretically":[101],"derived":[102,134],"for":[103],"ULA":[106,263],"Hankel-block-matrix":[109],"correlations":[112],"as":[113,128,148,188,194],"coefficient":[114],"matrix":[115],"elementary":[118],"power-sum":[119],"symmetric":[120],"functions":[121],"propagators":[124,193],"unknowns.":[130],"Based":[131],"equations,":[138],"model":[140],"first":[146],"proved":[147],"degenerate":[150],"spatial":[151],"ARMA":[152],"process":[153],"subject":[154],"to":[155,246,256],"identical":[157],"autoregressive":[158],"moving":[160],"average":[161],"parameters":[162],"simultaneously":[164],"obeying":[165],"dimensional":[167],"homogeneity":[168],"principle":[169],"(DHP)":[170],"physics.":[172],"The":[173,209],"explicit":[174],"root-finding":[175],"polynomial":[176,189,205],"proposed":[178,249],"unknowns":[181],"coefficients":[190,206],"roots.":[196],"No":[197],"extraneous":[198],"roots":[199],"conjugate":[201],"symmetry":[202],"constraint":[203],"are":[207,228],"involved.":[208],"DoAs":[210],"noise":[212],"variances":[213],"can":[214],"be":[215],"separately":[216],"estimated":[217],"under":[218],"backgrounds":[220],"spatially":[222],"white":[223],"colored":[225],"noises,":[226],"which":[227],"numerically":[229],"analyzed":[230],"different":[233],"coherent":[234],"lengths":[235],"noises.":[237],"A":[238],"simple":[239],"sound":[240],"experiment":[241],"designed":[243],"performed":[245],"verify":[247],"DoA":[250,259],"method.":[252],"It":[253],"promising":[255],"investigate":[257],"model,":[264],"particularly":[265],"ULAs":[268],"multi-dimensional":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}