{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3106756765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040182","title":"A Boundary Assembling Method for Nested Biomedical Named Entity Recognition","display_name":"A Boundary Assembling Method for Nested Biomedical Named Entity Recognition","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3106756765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040182","mag":"3106756765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3040182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040182","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09268950.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09268950.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100419643","display_name":"Yanping Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9946-3157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yanping Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101687283","display_name":"Ying Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4113-4369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100660234","display_name":"Yijing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-7069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044103045","display_name":"Ruizhang Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8941-3914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruizhang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043572903","display_name":"Yongbin Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1960-8628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongbin Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101960604","display_name":"Yuefei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1708-4074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuefei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041083459","display_name":"Qinghua Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-4754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33434090","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Boston","ror":"https://ror.org/04ydmy275","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinghua Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400329","display_name":"Ping Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3789-7686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100419643"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0971,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8320325,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"214141","last_page":"214152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8723106384277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.7628194093704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-text-mining","display_name":"Biomedical text mining","score":0.6848289370536804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entity-linking","display_name":"Entity linking","score":0.6745849847793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6094991564750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity","display_name":"Named entity","score":0.5466528534889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5174646973609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.49261146783828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3935559391975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.37544435262680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-mining","display_name":"Text mining","score":0.2123664915561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.14202898740768433}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8723106384277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.7628194093704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165141518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915126","display_name":"Biomedical text mining","level":3,"score":0.6848289370536804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96711827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17012245","display_name":"Entity linking","level":3,"score":0.6745849847793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6094991564750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777889803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25047676","display_name":"Named entity","level":2,"score":0.5466528534889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5174646973609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.49261146783828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3935559391975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.37544435262680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71472368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676880","display_name":"Text mining","level":2,"score":0.2123664915561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.14202898740768433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3040182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040182","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09268950.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b8bcd04a0e38416f9e9bb89875ae2fdd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b8bcd04a0e38416f9e9bb89875ae2fdd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 214141-214152 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3040182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040182","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09268950.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G315033406","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91746116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5636299477","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"[2017]3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5760752404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Projects","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7331512776","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62066008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G814048252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9174611","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8225248995","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1836205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8396831395","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62066007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3106756765.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3106756765.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76749362","https://openalex.org/W1506806321","https://openalex.org/W1530032857","https://openalex.org/W1850865022","https://openalex.org/W1899784274","https://openalex.org/W1940872118","https://openalex.org/W1981797826","https://openalex.org/W2004763266","https://openalex.org/W2008056655","https://openalex.org/W2034921015","https://openalex.org/W2047477415","https://openalex.org/W2068882115","https://openalex.org/W2108218871","https://openalex.org/W2116261113","https://openalex.org/W2123512824","https://openalex.org/W2124260644","https://openalex.org/W2134036914","https://openalex.org/W2136848157","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2148540243","https://openalex.org/W2149706766","https://openalex.org/W2151956076","https://openalex.org/W2163107094","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2250710764","https://openalex.org/W2294241634","https://openalex.org/W2400801499","https://openalex.org/W2405622356","https://openalex.org/W2407338347","https://openalex.org/W2414378847","https://openalex.org/W2548571627","https://openalex.org/W2613831280","https://openalex.org/W2682408236","https://openalex.org/W2785349534","https://openalex.org/W2803609931","https://openalex.org/W2804221886","https://openalex.org/W2891570996","https://openalex.org/W2892252202","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2911489562","https://openalex.org/W2915128229","https://openalex.org/W2935052563","https://openalex.org/W2949257977","https://openalex.org/W2949952998","https://openalex.org/W2950281195","https://openalex.org/W2952594430","https://openalex.org/W2962902328","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963571583","https://openalex.org/W2963625095","https://openalex.org/W2989186566","https://openalex.org/W3034744126","https://openalex.org/W3090015871","https://openalex.org/W3102603416","https://openalex.org/W3104486441","https://openalex.org/W3106312823","https://openalex.org/W3147254695","https://openalex.org/W3151019514","https://openalex.org/W3216234416","https://openalex.org/W4212863985","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W6603123688","https://openalex.org/W6631851648","https://openalex.org/W6640362995","https://openalex.org/W6677408996","https://openalex.org/W6678414869","https://openalex.org/W6682082992","https://openalex.org/W6713452507","https://openalex.org/W6714112401","https://openalex.org/W6728971881","https://openalex.org/W6747435310","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6767061844","https://openalex.org/W6785506528","https://openalex.org/W6785755946","https://openalex.org/W6804206656"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186562580","https://openalex.org/W2032007337","https://openalex.org/W2155874911","https://openalex.org/W3000685722","https://openalex.org/W2593907245","https://openalex.org/W4255258373","https://openalex.org/W1884363728","https://openalex.org/W4253099099","https://openalex.org/W2901060953","https://openalex.org/W2899463504"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biomedical":[0],"named":[1,32,41,46,60,80,101,110,121,135],"entity":[2,102,111,136],"recognition":[3,137],"(BNER)":[4],"is":[5,89,116,125],"an":[6,145],"important":[7],"task":[8],"in":[9,14,127,133],"biomedical":[10,31,40,45,49,71,79,134],"natural":[11],"language":[12],"processing,":[13],"which":[15,88],"neologisms":[16],"(new":[17],"terms,":[18],"words)":[19],"are":[20,104],"coined":[21],"constantly.":[22],"Most":[23],"of":[24,59,94,147],"the":[25,141,150],"existing":[26,62],"work":[27],"can":[28],"only":[29],"identify":[30],"entities":[33,42,81],"with":[34],"flattened":[35],"structures":[36,54],"and":[37,43,99,106,130],"ignore":[38],"nested":[39,53,78],"discontinuous":[44,131],"entities.":[47,122],"Because":[48],"domains":[50],"often":[51],"use":[52],"to":[55,65],"represent":[56],"semantic":[57],"information":[58,68],"entities,":[61],"methods":[63],"fail":[64],"utilize":[66],"abundant":[67],"when":[69],"processing":[70],"texts.":[72],"This":[73],"paper":[74],"focuses":[75],"on":[76,149],"identifying":[77],"using":[82],"a":[83,90,114],"boundary":[84],"assembly":[85],"(BA)":[86],"model,":[87],"cascading":[91],"framework":[92],"consisting":[93],"three":[95],"steps.":[96],"First,":[97],"start":[98],"end":[100],"boundaries":[103],"identified":[105],"then":[107],"assembled":[108],"into":[109],"candidates.":[112],"Finally,":[113],"classifier":[115],"implemented":[117],"for":[118],"filtering":[119],"false":[120],"Our":[123],"approach":[124],"effective":[126],"handling":[128],"nesting":[129],"problems":[132],"tasks.":[138],"It":[139],"improves":[140],"performance":[142],"considerably,":[143],"achieving":[144],"F1-score":[146],"81.34%":[148],"GENIA":[151],"dataset.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
